Class 5

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 4 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 4

Question 1.
Read the numbers and write them in words.
(1) 25,79,899
(2) 30,70,506
(3) 45,71,504
(4) 21,09,900
(5) 43,07,854
(6) 50,00,000
(7) 60,00,010
(8) 70,00,100
(9) 80,01,000
(10) 90,10,000
(11) 91,00,000
(12) 99,99,999
Answer:
(1) Twenty-five lakh, seventy-nine thousand, eight hundred and ninety-nine.
(2) Thirty lakh, seventy thousand, five hundred and six.
(3) Forty-five lakh, seventy-one thousand, five hundred and four.
(4) Twenty-one lakh, nine thousand, nine hundred.
(5) Forty-three lakh, seven thousand, eight hundred and fifty-four.
(6) Fifty lakh.
(7) Sixty lakh and ten.
(8) Seventy lakh and one hundred.
(9) Eighty lakh and one thousand
(10) Ninety lakh and ten thousand
(11) Ninety-one lakh
(12) Ninety-nine lakh, ninety-nine thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine.

Question 2.
Given below are the deposits made in the Women’s Co-operative Credit Societies of some districts. Read those figures.
Pune : ₹ 94,29,408
Nashik : ₹ 61,07,187
Nagpur : ₹ 46,53,570
Ahmadnagar : ₹ 45,43,159
Aurangabad : ₹ 37,01,282
Yavatmal : ₹ 27,72,348
Sindhudurg : ₹ 58,49,651
Answer:
Rupees ninety-four lakh, twenty-nine thousand, four hundred and eight.
Rupees sixty-one lakh, seven thousand, one hundred and eighty-seven
Rupees forty-six lakh, fifty-three thousand, five hundred and seventy.
Rupees forty-five lakh, forty-three thousand one hundred and fifty-nine.
Rupees thirty-seven lakh, one thousand, two hundred and eighty-two.
Rupees twenty-seven lakh, seventy two thousand, three hundred and forty-eight.
Rupees fifty-eight lakh, forty-nine thousand, six hundred and fifty-one.

The expanded form of a number and the place value of digits

Teacher : Look at the place value of each of the digits in the number 27,65, 043.

Hamid : When we write the place values of the digits as an addition, we get the expanded form of the number. So, the expanded form of the number 27,65,043 is 20,00,000 + 7,00,000 + 60,000 + 5,000 + 0 + 40 + 3.

Teacher : Now tell me the expanded form of 95,04,506.

Soni : 90,00,000 + 5,00,000 + 0 + 4,000 + 500 + 0 + 6.

Teacher : Good! It can also be written as 90,00,000 + 5,00,000 + 4,000 + 500 + 6. Now write the number from the expanded form that I give you. 4,00,000 + 90,000 + 200

Asha : Here, we have 4 in the lakhs place, 9 in the ten thousands place and 2 in the hundreds place. There are no digits in the ten thousands place and in the tens and units places. Hence, we write 0 in those places. Therefore, the number is 4,90,200.

Teacher : Tell me the place value of the underlined digit in the number 59,30,478.
Soni : The underlined digit is 5. The digit is in the ten lakhs place. Hence, its place value is 50,00,000 or fifty lakhs.

Roman Numerals Problem Set 4 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the numbers and write them in words:

(1) 80,91,001
Answer:
Eighty lakh, ninety-one thousand and one.

(2) 50,50,505
Answer:
Fifty lakh, fifty thousand, five hundred and five.

(3) 68,06,086
Answer:
Sixty-eight lakh, six thousand and eighty- six.

Question 2.
Given below are the deposits made in the Women’s Co-operative Credit Societies of some districts. Read those figures.

(1) Thane : 75,14,365
Answer:
Rupees seventy-five lakh, fourteen thousand, three hundred and sixty-five.

(2) Jalgaon : 39,42,180
Answer:
Rupees thirty-nine lakh, forty-two thousand, one hundred and eighty.

(3) Kalyan : 37,40,509
Answer:
Rupees thirty-seven lakh, forty thousand, five hundred and nine.

(4) Kolhapur: 16,05,430
Answer:
Rupees sixteen lakh, five thousand, four hundred and thirty.

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 3 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 3

Question 1.
Read the numbers and write them in words.
(1) 7,65,234
(2) 4,73,225
(3) 3,27,001
(4) 8,75,375
(5) 1,50,437
(6) 2,03,174
(7) 6,47,851
(8) 9,00,999
(9) 5,75,010
(10) 4,03,005
Answer:
(1) Seven lakh, sisxty-five thousand, two hundred and thirty-four.
(2) Four lakh, seventy-three thousand, two hundred and twenty-five.
(3) Three lakh, twenty-seven thousand and one
(4) Eight lakh seventy-five thousand three hundred and seventy-five
(5) One lakh fifty thousand four hundred and thirty seven
(6) Two lakh three thousand one hundred and seventy-four
(7) Six lakh forty seven thousand eight hundred and fifty-one
(8) Nine lakh nine hundred and ninety-nine
(9) Five lakh seventy-five thousand and ten
(10) Four lakh three thousand and five.

Question 2.
Read the numbers and write them in figures.
(1) One lakh thirty-five thousand eight hundred and fifty-five
(2) Seven lakh twenty-seven thousand
(3) Four lakh twenty-five thousand three hundred
(4) Nine lakh nine thousand ninety-nine
(5) Seven lakh forty-nine thousand three hundred and sixty-two
(6) Eight lakh one sixty tow
Answer:
(1) 1,35,008
(2) 7,27,1 55
(3) 4,25,003
(4) 9,09,099
(5) 7,49,003
(6) 8,00,162

Question 3.
Make five six-digit numbers, each time using any of the digits 0 to 9 only once.
Answer:

• 4,09,138
• 3,17,045
• 1,20,645
• 9,72,860
• 6,54,302

Introducing seven-digit numbers
Teacher : Now we shall learn about seven-digit numbers. Suppose 10 farmers borrow ₹ 1,00,000 each from a Co-operative Bank. Then, how much is the total loan given by the bank to them?

Ajit : We must find out what is ten times 1,00,000. That is, we multiply 1,00,000 by 10. That means we write one zero after the number to be multiplied.

Ajay : 1,00,000 × 10 = 10,00,000

Teacher : This becomes a seven-digit number. We read it as ‘Ten lakh’. We must make one more place for the 10 lakhs to the left of the lakhs place. In western countries, the term million is used. One million is equal to ten lakhs.

Thus, ten lakh = 10,00,000.

Just as we read ten thousands and thousands together, we read ten lakhs and lakhs together. So, we read 18,35,614 as ‘eighteen lakh, thirty-five thousand, six hundred and fourteen.

Study the seven-digit numbers given below in figures and in words.

• 31,25,745 : thirty-one lakh, twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and forty-five
• 91,00,006 : ninety-one lakh and six
• 63,00,988 : sixty-three lakh, nine hundred and eighty-eight
• 88,00,400 : eighty-eight lakh, four hundred
• seventy-two lakh and ninety-five : 72,00,095
• seventy lakh, two thousand, three hundred : 70,02,300

Roman Numerals Problem Set 2 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the numbers and write them in words:

(1) 4,00,527
Answer:
Four lakh five hundred and twenty-seven.

(2) 7,34,016
Answer:
Seven lakh thirty-four thousand and sixteen.

Question 2.
Read the numbers and write them in figures.
(1) Nine lakh three thousand and twenty-three.
(2) One lakh one thousand one hundred and one.
Answer:
(1) 9,03,023
(2) 1,01,101

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 2 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 2

Question 1.
Using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 write ten each of two-, three-, four- and five-digit numbers. Read the numbers.
Answer:

Two-digit numbers	Reading a number
37	Thirty-seven
80	Eighty
49	Forty-nine
65	Sixty-five
28	Twenty-eight
54	Fifty-four
92	Ninety-two
71	Seventy-one
16	Sixteen
22	Twenty-two
Three-digit numbers	Reading a number
504	Five hundred and four
386	Three hundred eighty-six
430	Four hundred thirty
891	Eight hundred ninety-one
615	Six hundred fifteen
267	Two hundred sixty-seven
900	Nine hundred
173	One hundred seventy-three
766	Seven hundred sixty-six
258	Two hundred and fifty-eight
Four-digit numbers	Reading a number
3,817	Three thousand eight hundred and seventeen
4,059	Four thousand fifty-nine
9,611	Nine thousand six hundred and eleven
7,413	Seven thousand four hundred thirteen
5,608	Five thousand six hundred and eight
Four-digit numbers	Reading a number
2,009	Two thousand and nine
6,420	Six thousand four hundred and twenty
1,357	One thousand three hundred and fifty-seven
8,172	Eight thousand one hundred and seventy-two
6,156     –	Six thousand one hundred and fifty-six
Five-digit numbers	Reading a number
41,309	Forty-one thousand, three hundred and nine
68,527	Sixty-eight thousand five hundred and twenty seven
50,348	Fifty thousand three hundred and forty eight
76,052	Seventy-six thousand and fifty-two
21,546	Twenty-one thousand five hundred and forty-six
10,358	Ten thousand three hundred and fifty-eight
94,215	Ninety-four thousand two hundred and fifteen
36,104	Thirty-six thousand one hundred and four
89,157	Eighty-nine thousand one hundred and fifty-seven
72,560	Seventy-two thousand five hundred and sixty

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks in the table below.

Answer:

	Devnagari numerals	International numerals	Number written in words
(1)	२,३५९	2,359	Two thousand three hundred and fifty nine
(2)	३२,७५६	32,756	Thirty two thousand seven hundred and fifty Six
(3)	६७,८५९	67,859	Sixty seven thousand eight hundred and fifty Nine
(4)	१,०३४	1,034	One thousand and thirty four
(5)	२७,८९५	27,895	Twenty seven thousand eight hundred and ninety five

Question 3.
As a part of the ‘Avoid Plastic Project’, Zilla Parishad schools made and provided paper bags to provision stores and greengrocers. Read the talukawise numbers of the bags and write the numbers in words.

Answer:

Talukas	No. of Bags	Numbers in words
Kopargaon	12,740	Twelve thousand seven hundred and forty
Shevgaon	28,095	Twenty-eight thousand and ninety-five
Karjat	31,608	Thirty-one thousand six hundred and eight
Sangamner	10,792	Ten thousand seven hundred and ninety-two

Question 4.
How many rupees do they make?
(1) 20 notes of 1000 rupees, 5 notes of 100 rupees and 14 notes of 10 rupees.
(2) 15 notes of 1000 rupees, 12 notes of 100 rupees, 8 notes of 10 rupees and 5 coins of 1 rupee.
Answer:

Question 5.
Write the biggest and the smallest five-digit numbers that can be made using the digits 4, 5, 0, 3, 7 only once.
Answer:
Biggest five digit number is 75,430 Smallest five digit number is 30,457

Question 6.
The names of some places and their populations are given below. Use this information to answer the questions that follow.

Tala : 40,642
Gaganbawada : 35,777
Bodhwad : 91,256
Moregaon : 87,012
Bhamragad : 35,950
Velhe : 54,497
Ashti : 76,201
Washi : 92,173
Morwada : 85,890

(1) Which place has the greatest population? What is its population?
(2) Which place, Morwada or Moregaon, has the greater population?
(3) Which place has the smallest population? How much is it?
Answer:
(1) Washi has the greatest population. Population of Washi is 92,173
(2) Moregaon has the greater population.
(3) Gaganbawada has the smallest population. Its population is 35,777

Introducing six-digit numbers
Teacher : How much, do you think, is the price of a four-wheeler?
Ajay : Maybe about six or seven lakh rupees.
Teacher : Do you know exactly how much one lakh is?
Ajay : It’s a lot, isn’t it? More than even ten thousand, right?
Teacher : Yes, indeed ! Let’s find out just how much. What is 999 + 1?
Ajay : One thousand.
Teacher : You have learnt to write 99000, too. Now, if you add 1000 to that, you will get one hundred thousand. That’s what we call one lakh.
Vijay : 9999+1 is 10,000 (ten thousand). We had made the ten thousands place for it. Can we make a place for one lakh too in the same way?
Teacher : Yes, of course. Carry out the addition 99,999 + 1 and see what you get.

Here we keep carrying over till we have to make a place for the ‘lakh’ on the left of the ten thousands place. And we write the last carried over one in that place. The sum we get is read as ‘one lakh’.
Vijay : Kishakaka bought a second-hand car for two and a half lakh rupees.
Ajay : How much is two and a half lakh?
Teacher : One lakh is 100 thousand. So, half a lakh is 50 thousand. Because, half of 100 is 50.

Vijay : That means two and a half lakh is 2 lakh 50 thousand.
Teacher : Now write this number in figures.
Vijay : 2,50,000.
Teacher : We have seen that a hundred thousand is 1 lakh. If we have 1000 notes of 100 rupees, how many rupees would they make?
Vijay : 1000 notes of 100 rupees would make 1 lakh rupees.

Reading six-digit numbers
(1) 2,35,705 : two lakh thirty-five thousand seven hundred and five
(2) 8,00,363 : eight lakh three hundred and sixty-three
(3) 3,07,899 : three lakh seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-nine
(4) 9,00,049 : nine lakh forty-nine
(5) 5,30,735 : five lakh thirty thousand seven hundred and thirty-five

Writing six-digit numbers in figures
(1) Eight lakh, nine thousand and forty-three : There are 8 lakhs in this number. There are no ten thousands, so we write 0 in that place. As there are 9 thousands, we write 9 in the thousands place. We write 0 in the hundreds place as there are no hundreds. Forty-three is equal to 4 tens and 3 units, so in the tens and units places we write 4 and 3 respectively. In figures : 8,09,043.

When writing numbers in figures, write the digit in the highest place first and then, in each of the next smaller places, write the proper digit from 1 to 9. Write 0, if there is no digit in that place. For example, if the number eight lakh, nine thousand and forty-three is written as ‘89043’, it is wrong. It should be written as 8,09,043. Here, we have to write zero in the ten thousands place.

(2) Four lakh, twenty thousand, five hundred : In this figure, there aren’t any thousands in the thousands place, so we write 0 in it. Since there are five hundreds, we write 5 in the hundreds place. There are no tens and units, hence, we write 0 in those places. In figures : 4,20,500.

Roman Numerals Problem Set 2 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks in the table below:
Answer:

	Devnagari numerals	International numerals	The number written in words
(1)	५,५१८	5,518	Five thousand five hundred and eighteen
(2)	४९,८०९	49,809	Forty-nine thousand eight hundred and nine
(3)	७,२५६	7,256	Seven thousand two hundred and fifty-six

Question 2.
Solve the following:

(1) In an election, the First candidate received 58,735 votes, the Second candidate received 65,500, the Third candidate received 85,450 and the Fourth candidate got 09,689 votes. Read the numbers of the votes and write the numbers in words.
Answer:
First candidate – 58,735 – Fifty-eight thousand seven hundred and thirty-five
Second candidate – 65,500 – Sixty-five thousand five hundred
Third candidate – 85,450 – Eighty-five thousand four hundred and fifty
Fourth candidate – 09,689 – Nine thousand six hundred and eighty-nine

Question 3.
How many rupees do they make?
*(1) 10 notes of 2,000 rupees, 5 notes of 100 rupees and 14 notes of 10 rupees.
Solution:
10 notes of 2,000 rupees = 10 x 2,000 ₹ 20,000
5 notes of 100 rupees = 5 x 100 = ₹ 500
14 notes of 10 rupees = 14 x 10 = ₹ 140
Total = ₹ 20,640

∴ They make, twenty thousand, six hundred and forty.

*(2) 7 notes of 2,000 rupees, 12 notes of loo rupees, 8 notes of 10 rupees and 5 coins of 1 rupee
Solution:
7 notes of 2,000 rupees = 7 x 2,000 = ₹ 14,000
12 notes of 100 rupees = 12 x 100 = ₹ 1,200
8 notes of 10 rupees = 8 x 10 = ₹ 80
5 coins of 1 rupee = 5 x 1 = ₹ 5
Total = ₹ 15,285

∴ They make, fifteen thousand, two hundred and eighty five.

(3) 4 notes of 2,000 rupees, 6 notes of 100 rupees and 12 notes of 10 rupees
Solution:
4 notes of 2,000 rupees = 4 x 2,000 = ₹ 8,000
6 notes of 100 rupees = 6 x 100 = ₹ 600
12 notes of 10 rupees = 12 x 10 = ₹ 120
Total = ₹ 8,720

∴ They make, eight thousand, seven hundred and twenty.

(4) 5 notes of 2,000 rupees, 9 notes of 500 rupees, 8 notes of 100 rupees, 7 notes of 50 rupees, 6 notes of 20 rupees and 5 note of 10 rupees
Solution:
5 notes of 2,000 rupees 5 x 2,000 = ₹ 10,000
9 notes of 500 rupees = 9 x 500 = ₹ 4,500
8 notes of 100 rupees = 8 x 100 = ₹ 800
7 notes of 50 rupees = 7 x 50 = ₹ 350
6 notes of 20 rupees = 6 x 20 = ₹ 120
5 notes of 10 rupees = 5 x 10 = ₹ 50
Total = ₹ 15,820

∴ They make, fifteen thousand, eight hundred and twenty.

*Question 4.
Write the biggest and the smallest numbers using all the given digits in every number. Use each digit only once.
(1) 4, 8, 0, 2, 6, 5;
(2) 2, 6, 7, 1, 4;
(3) 5, 9, 6, 1, 4, 3;
(4) 9, 4, 1, 3, 6;
(5) 5, 3, 0, 0, 2
Answer:
(1) Biggest six digit number is 8,65,420 Smallest six digit number is 2,04,568
(2) Biggest five digit number is 76,421 Smallest five digit number is 12,467
(3) Biggest six digit number is 9,65,431 Smallest six digit number is 1,34,569
(4) Biggest five digit number is 96,431 Smallest five digit number is 13,469
(5) Biggest five digit number is 53,200 Smallest five digit number is 20,035

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Roman Numerals Problem Set 1 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Roman Numerals Problem Set 1

Question 1.
Write all the numbers from 1 to 20 using Roman numerals.
Answer:

Question 2.
Write the following numbers using international numerals.
(1) V
(2) VII
(3) X
(4) XIII
(5) XIV
(6) XVI
(7) XVIII
(8) IX
Answer:
(1) 5
(2) 7
(3) 10
(4) 13
(5) 14
(6) 16
(7) 18
(8) 9

Question 3.
Fill in the empty boxes.

Answer:

Question 4.
Write the numbers using Roman numerals.
(1) 9
(2) 2
(3) 17
(4) 4
(5) 11
(6) 18
Answer:
(1) IX
(2) II
(3) XVII
(4) IV
(5) XI
(6) XVIII

Question 5.
In the table below, each given number is written in international numerals and then again in Roman numerals. If it is written correctly in Roman numerals, put ‘/’ in the box under it. If not, put ‘X’ and correct it.

Answer:

Something more : L, C, D and M are also used as Roman numerals.

Activity : Apart from clocks and watches, where else do we see Roman numerals?

The decimal system of writing numbers
It is not easy to read or write numbers using Roman numerals. It also makes calculations difficult. You have learnt to write numbers using the ten digits, 0 to 9. In that system, the value of a digit depends upon its place in the number. This system of writing numbers is called the ‘decimal system’.

Mathematicians of ancient India invented the decimal system of writing numbers and began to use it. Later, this system was accepted in all parts of the world because it was simple and convenient.

Roman Numerals Problem Set 1 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write all the numbers from 21 to 30 using roman numerals.
Answer:

Question 2.
Write the following numbers using international numerals.
(1) XXV
(2) XXIX.
Answer:
(1) 25
(2) 29

Question 3.
Fill in the empty boxes:
Answer:

Question 4.
Write the numbers using Roman Numerals:
(1) 1
(2) 21
(3) 10
Answer:
(1) I
(2) XXI
(3) X

Question 5.
In the table below, each given number is written in international numerals and then again in Roman numerals. If it is written correctly in Roman numerals put ‘S’ in the box under it. if not, put ‘x’ and correct it.
Answer:

Question 6.
Write all the numbers from 31 to 40 using Roman numerals.
Answer:

Question 7.
Write the following numbers using international numerals.
(1) VI
(2) XI
(3) XIV
(4) XVII
Answer:
(1) 6
(2) 11
(3) 14
(4) 17

Question 8.
Fill in the empty boxes:

Answer:
Four = IV, 16 = XVI, Twenty = XX, XV =15

Question 9.
Write the numbers using Roman numerals in the given boxes.
(1) 3 [ ]
(2) 8 [ ]
(3) 13 [ ]
(4) 16 [ ]
Answer:
(1) III
(2) VIII
(3) XIII
(4) XVI

Question 10.
State true or false of the following. If the statement is false then correct it in Roman numerals.
(1) 3 is written as IIV
(2) 14 is written as XIV
(3) 16 is written as XVI
(4) 19 is written as IXX
Answer:
(1) False (III)
(2) True
(3) True
(4) False (XIX)

Question 11.
Write the answers Roman numerals.
(1) III + IV = [ ]
(2) IV + V = [ ]
(3) IX – X = [ ]
(4) VI + X = [ ]
(5) III + II = [ ]
(6) V + V = [ ]
(7) XXX + XX = [ ]
(8) L + L = [ ]
Answer:
(1) VII
(2) IX
(3) XIX
(4) XVI
(5) V
(6) X
(7) L
(8) C

Question 12.
Match the columns:

Answer:
(1 – b),
(2 – a),
(3 – d),
(4 – c)

Question 13.
Circle the correct international numeral of the following:
(1) XXIV
(a) 14
(b) 20
(c) 24
Answer:
(c) 24

(2) VIII
(a) 8
(b) 207
(c) 19
Answer:
(a) 8

(3) XXIX
(a) 31
(b) 29
(c) 20
Answer:
(b) 29

(4) XXVII
(a) 27
(b) 28
(c) 26
Answer:
(a) 27

Question 14.
Circle the correct Roman numeral of the following:
(1) 36
(a) XXVI
(b) XXXVI
(c) XXXXVI
Answers:
(b) XXXVI

(2) 27
(a) XXXVI
(b) XXVII
(c) XXVI
Answers:
(c) XXVII

(3) 18
(a) XVIII
(b) XVI
(c) XVII
Answers:
(a) XVIII

(4) 605
(a)DCV
(b)CDV
(c) XXXXXV
Answers:
(a) DCV

Question 15.
Put >, < or = in the box.
(1) CVI [          ] CLX
(2) CLXIX [          ] CLXXI
(3) XLIX [          ] XXXIX
(4) MMXVI [          ] MMXXVI
(5) LXX VII [          ] LVIII
(6) MCMXL [          ] MCMXLV
Answers:
(1) <
(2) <
(3) >
(4) <
(5) >
(6) <

Maharashtra State Board 5th Std Textbook Solutions Answers Guide

• Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions
• Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions
• Maharashtra State Board Class 5 English Solutions
• Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Hindi Solutions
• Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Marathi Solutions

Maharashtra State Board Textbook Solutions

Expert Teachers have created Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions. You can also Download the Maharashtra Board 5th Std Maths Digest Pdf Free Download to help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Maharashtra State Board 5th Std Maths Textbook Solutions

Class 5 Maths Solution Maharashtra Board Part 1

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 1 Roman Numerals

• Chapter 1 Roman Numerals Problem Set 1

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 2 Number Work

• Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 2
• Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 3
• Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 4
• Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 5
• Chapter 2 Number Work Problem Set 6

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction

• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 7
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 8
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 9
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 10
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 11
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 12
• Chapter 3 Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 13

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division

• Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 14
• Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 15
• Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 16

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 5 Fractions

• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 17
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 18
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 19
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 20
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 21
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 22
• Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 23

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 6 Angles

• Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 24
• Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 25
• Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 26
• Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 27

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 7 Circles

• Chapter 7 Circles Problem Set 28
• Chapter 7 Circles Problem Set 29
• Chapter 7 Circles Problem Set 30
• Chapter 7 Circles Problem Set 31

5th Std Maths Digest Pdf Maharashtra Board Part 2

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 8 Multiples and Factors

• Chapter 8 Multiples and Factors Problem Set 32
• Chapter 8 Multiples and Factors Problem Set 33
• Chapter 8 Multiples and Factors Problem Set 34
• Chapter 8 Multiples and Factors Problem Set 35

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions

• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 36
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 37
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 38
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 39
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 40
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 41
• Chapter 9 Decimal Fractions Problem Set 42

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 10 Measuring Time

• Chapter 10 Measuring Time Problem Set 43
• Chapter 10 Measuring Time Problem Set 44
• Chapter 10 Measuring Time Problem Set 45

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 11 Problems on Measurement

• Chapter 11 Problems on Measurement Problem Set 46
• Chapter 11 Problems on Measurement Problem Set 47

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 12 Perimeter and Area

• Chapter 12 Perimeter and Area Problem Set 48
• Chapter 12 Perimeter and Area Problem Set 49
• Chapter 12 Perimeter and Area Problem Set 50

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 13 Three Dimensional Objects and Nets

• Chapter 13 Three Dimensional Objects and Nets Problem Set 51

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 14 Pictographs

• Chapter 14 Pictographs Problem Set 52

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 15 Patterns

• Chapter 15 Patterns Problem Set 53

Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Chapter 16 Preparation for Algebra

• Chapter 16 Preparation for Algebra Problem Set 54
• Chapter 16 Preparation for Algebra Problem Set 55
• Chapter 16 Preparation for Algebra Problem Set 56

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Textbook Solutions

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What’s the solution?

Question 1.
You are hungry, but the food has been left uncovered.
Answer:
Heating kills all the disease germs present in the food. So if food is uncovered then one should heat (warm) the food and then eat it when hungry. Eating warm food is always good for health.

2. Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Which method of preventing the breeding of mosquitoes will you recommend for your surroundings – not allowing water to stagnate or spraying insecticides on the water? Why?
Answer:
First of all it is better not to allow water to stagnate. Hence I would recommend this method for preventing breeding of mosquitoes. However if there are nullahs or gutters in the surrounding area then spraying insecticide on water will be recommended to kill the mosquito larvae growing in water. Therefore both the methods need to be applied sometimes.

3. Answer the following in one or two sentences:

Question (a)
What is an infectious disease?
Answer:
When diseases spread from one person to another person, they are called infectious diseases.

Question (b)
What are the mediums of the spread of diseases?
Answer:
Diseases spread through mediums like food, water, air and insect bite. Sometimes it also spreads by coming in direct contact with a diseased person.

Question (c)
What happens when there is an epidemic of disease?
Answer:
When many people in one area get the same infectious disease at the same time, we say there is an epidemic of the disease. During an epidemic air and water gets contaminated with the disease germs and the disease spreads rapidly. Contaminated water also contaminates the food. If the epidemic is severe many people become serious and need to be hospitalised. To control the epidemic one needs to maintain hygiene and a clean surrounding.

Question (d)
What is vaccination?
Answer:
When a person is given a vaccine against a specific disease, he develops resistance to that disease. This process of giving vaccine is called vaccination. Whooping cough diphtheria and tetanus called triple vaccine is given.

Question (e)
Make a list of the vaccination given to a new bom baby.
Answer:
The table given below shows the list of vaccinations given to the new bom baby along with the schedule of when the vaccination is given:

Vaccine given	Disease against which it is given	Age of the new bom baby when it is given
BCG Vaccine	Against Tuberculosis	within 15 days after baby is just born
Hepa B vaccine	Jaundice caused by Hepatitis B vims	As soon as the baby is born
Oral Polio	Against Polio	Within 2 weeks
Triple vaccine	Against Diphteria, whooping cough and tetanus	After 6 weeks baby is born

Triple vaccine is repeated twice again after 10 weeks and 14 weeks after the baby is bom. Hep. B vaccine is also repeated twice after 4 weeks and 8 weeks after birth. After completing a year the baby is given vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. It is called MMR vaccine.

4. True or False:

Question (a)
Intestinal diseases spread though air.
Answer:
False

Question (b)
Some diseases are caused by the anger of gods
Answer:
False

5. Classify the diseases given below as diseases that spread through food, through water, and through air:

Question 1.
Classify the diseases given below as diseases that spread through food, through water, and through air:
Malaria, Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Jaundice, Gastro, Diarrhoea, Diphtheria, Conjunctivitis, Chickenpox.
Answer:

Through Food	Through Water	Through Air
Typhoid	Typhoid	Tuberculosis
Cholera	Cholera	Diphtheria
Jaundice	Jaundice	Conjunctivitis
Gastro Diarrhoea	Diarrhoea	Chickenpox

6. Give reasons.

Question (a)
When there is an epidemic of cholera, we should boil water before drinking.
Answer:
Sometimes water gets mixed with faeces of person who is suffering from the cholera and it gets contaminated. When people drink this contaminated water an epidemic of cholera spreads.
Boiling the water kills the germs causing the disease and hence one is prevented from getting cholera.
Therefore during an epidemic of cholera one should boil water and drink.

Question (b)
We should not allow puddles of water to stand in our surroundings.
Answer:
When water stagnates in a puddle, mosquitoes lay eggs in the water and they increase in number. Mosquito bite spread malaria germs and people suffer from malaria. To prevent people from getting malaria mosquitoes should be stopped from breeding. To prevent mosquitoes from breeding we should not allow puddle of water to stand in our surrounding.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blank with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
……………….. cause diseases.
(a) Microorganisms
(b) Bacteria
(c) Germs
Answer:
(a) Microorganisms

Question 2.
Every …………………. is caused by a specific microorganism or germ.
(a) illness
(b) disease
(c) flu
Answer:
(b) disease

Question 3.
The germs of disease like influenza are present in the spit or ………………… of the person who has the disease.
(a) tongue
(b) nose
(c) saliva
Answer:
(c) saliva

Question 4.
When diseases spread through food it is called ………………. .
(a) food poisoning
(b) viral
(c) infection
Answer:
(a) food poisoning

Question 5.
Malaria is caused due to bite of a certain kind of ………………… .
(a) animal
(b) mosquito
(c) bird
Answer:
(b) mosquito

Question 6.
Germs of diseases like conjunctivitis spreads through …………………. .
(a) air
(b) water
(c) faces
Answer:
(a) air

Question 7.
Cholera spreads when people drink ……………. water.
(a) good
(b) contaminated
(c) bottled
Answer:
(b) contaminated

Question 8.
People who have a serious infectious disease like tuberculosis or swine flu are ……………….. .
(a) hospitalised
(b) educated
(c) quarantined
Answer:
(c) quarantined

Question 9.
As soon as the baby is born it is given ………………. vaccine.
(a) tuberculosis
(b) triple
(c) polio
Answer:
(a) tuberculosis

Question 10.
The …………………. vaccine is given orally.
(a) conjunctivitis
(b) polio
(c) malaria
Answer:
(b) polio

Question 11.
When the germs of a particular disease enter the body and begins to grow, the person gets the …………… .
(a) food
(b) disease
(c) cough
Answer:
(b) disease

Question 12.
Disease of the throat and the chest spread through the ………………. .
(a) water
(b) faeces
(c) air
Answer:
(b) faeces

Question 13.
People get ………………. or diarrhoea after eating contaminated food at a function.
(a) flue
(b) gastro
(c) viral
Answer:
(b) gastro

Question 14.
Maintaining ……………….. everywhere is beneficial for our health.
(a) food
(b) cleanliness
(c) disease
Answer:
(b) cleanliness

Question 15.
It is important to always keep our food ……………….. .
(a) covered
(b) uncovered
(c) uncooked
Answer:
(a) covered

Question 16.
Insects like mosquitoes, lice and fleas spread …………………. .
(a) beauty
(b) health
(c) disease
Answer:
(c) disease

Question 17.
Ringworm, scabies are disease that affect the …………….. .
(a) head
(b) skin
(c) bones
Answer:
(b) skin

Question 18.
Germs of disease like the flu or conjunctivitis spread quickly through the …………….. .
(a) air
(b) water
(c) fire
Answer:
(a) air

Question 19.
If, at some place, mosquitoes ……………… in large numbers then many people there can get malaria
(a) beautify
(b) breed
(c) creed
Answer:
(b) breed

Question 20.
Air, water, food and insects are the ……………….. through which disease spread.
(a) mediums
(b) area
(c) report
Answer:
(a) mediums

Question 21.
It is possible to ……………….. a disease from ecoming an epidemic.
(a) familiarize
(b) prevent
(c) breed
Answer:
(b) prevent

Question 22.
To prevent disease from spreading through water, it is ………………… at the water works.
(a) diluted
(b) polluted
(c) purified
Answer:
(c) purified

Question 23.
When there is an epidemic of gastro or jaundice, people are advised to ………………. water before drinking it.
(a) cook
(b) steam
(c) boil
Answer:
(c) boil

Question 24.
To prevent mosquitoes from breeding, we must ensure there is no ……………… water in the surroundings.
(a) stagnant
(b) flowing
(c) rippling
Answer:
(a) stagnant

Question 25.
Clothes and utensils used by patients are washed with ………………… .
(a) pesticides
(b) germicides
(c) fertilizers
Answer:
(b) germicides

Question 26.
Our body develops …………….. to a particular disease due to vaccination.
(a) resistance
(b) persistance
(c) deliverance
Answer:
(a) resistance

Question 27.
The vaccines for diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus are combined into a ………………. vaccine and given as an injection.
(a) single
(b) double
(c) triple
Answer:
(c) triple

Question 28.
Polio Vaccine is given …………………… .
(a) verbally
(b) mentally
(c) orally
Answer:
(c) orally

Question 29.
Primary Health Centres have been established at the ……………. level.
(a) urban
(b) village
(c) grass root
Answer:
(b) village

Question 30.
It is in now forbidden by law to ……………….. in a public place.
(a) spit
(b) sit
(c) stand
Answer:
(a) spit

Question 31.
………………….. media are also used for raising public awareness about health and hygiene issues.
(a) Mass
(b) Public
(c) Home
Answer:
(a) Mass

Question 2.
Match the columns:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
(a) Ringworm	1. Contaminated Air
(b) Jaundice	2. Direct contact
(c) Tuberculosis	3. Open wound contaminated with soil
(d) Dengue	4. Contaminated food and water
(e) Tetanus	5. Mosquito bite

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
(a) Ringworm	2. Direct contact
(b) Jaundice	4. Contaminated food and water
(c) Tuberculosis	1. Contaminated Air
(d) Dengue	5. Mosquito bite
(e) Tetanus	3. Open wound contaminated with soil

Name the following:

Question 1.
Insect that causes Malaria.
Answer:
Female Anopheles Mosquito

Question 2.
Insect that causes Dengue.
Answer:
Aedes mosquito

Question 3.
Vaccine for diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus (Given as injection).
Answer:
Triple vaccine

Question 4.
Microorganisms that are useful to us.
Answer:
Microorganisms converting milk into yoghurt or microorganisms fermenting batter for idlis.

Question 5.
Germicide used to kill microorganisms in the spittle of a person having tuberculosis.
Answer:
Phenyl or dettol.

Question 5.
State whether the following statements are True or False:

1. Vaccination helps our body to develop resistance against diseases.
2. Community programmes are being undertaken every year at the National level to eradicate (put an end) polio, by giving oral vaccine of polio to children below five years.
3. On television people are educated about right methods of handling, drinking water so to make them aware of how diseases can be prevented.
4. Insects like lice and fleas spread diseases.
5. Cancer is an infectious disease.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False

Answer the following in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Name the disease that has been completely eradicated (that is it has completely disappeared) by vaccination.
Answer:
The disease called small pox has been completely eradicated by vaccination.
(Note : Now no one in the world is gets the scare or is suffering from small pox.)

Question 2.
Which disease spreads through flea’s bite?
Answer:
Fleas spread diseases like plague when they bite.
(Note : Fleas are found on the bodies of pets like dogs, cat and also on rhodents like rats.)

Question 3.
Why should we cover our nose and mouth when we cough or sneeze?
Answer:
Disease of the throat and chest spread through the air. When other breathe the same air, germs enter their bodies. That is why we must cover our nose and mouth when we cough or sneeze.

Question 4.
What is ‘food poisoning’?
Answer:
Gastro or diarrhoea spreads through contaminated3 food. When we eat this food the disease spread is called food poisoning.

Question 5.
Why should food always be kept covered?
Answer:
When some flies sit on our food, the germs enter the food. Later when we eat this food the germs enter our body, so we must always cover the food.

Question 6.
What is an epidemic?
Answer:
When many people in one area get the same infectious disease all at the same time, we say that there is an epidemic of the disease.

Question 7.
What precaution can be taken to prevent the spread of tuberculosis?
Answer:
The spittle of a person who has tuberculosis is collected in a vessel and covered with a germicide like phenyl. Such precautions can help to prevent the disease from spreading.

Give scientific reasons:

Question 1.
Doctors give tetanus vaccine after getting a cut or wound while handling a sharp instrument or after falling down and getting bruised badly while playing.
Answer:
Tetanus germs are present in the soil, dung and dust. The sharp instrument may be dirty, so it may carry the tetanus germs. These germs may then spread though the wound and cause disease. To prevent tetanus germs from spreading doctors give the vaccine which help us develop resistance against this disease.

Question 2.
A person suffering from a disease should cover the mouth when sneezing or coughing.
Answer:
Disease causing organisms are present in the spit or saliva of the person. When they sneeze or cough these gems spread in the air and cause disease in other people. To prevent the spread of disease through the air a person suffering from a disease should cover the mouth while sneezing or coughing.

Question 3.
Before eating or handling food one should wash the hands using soap and water.
Answer:
Soap kills the germs which cause diseases and water washes them away. If our hand is dirty then they may contain disease causing germs. If we handle food, or eat food without washing, the germs will enter the food and contaminate it with these germs. This can cause intestinal diseases or food poisoning. Hence it is advised that one should wash the hands using soap and water before eating or handling food.

Question 4.
People who are suffering from tuberculosis or swine flu are quarantined and kept in hospitals.
Answer:
The diseases like tuberculosis and swine flu are infectious. They spread through air easily. Also the germs spread cause disease in a healthy person if the healthy person comes in contact directly with the diseased person. In hospitals there are separate wards for such diseased people, where extra care and precautions are taken to prevent spread of diseases. Therefore patients suffering from these diseases are quarantined and kept in hospital.

Can you tell:

Question 1.
When your friends fall while playing and get hurt, does anyone tell you ‘Don’t go near them. You will also yet hurt’?
Answer:
No, no one tells us like that because we will not get hurt because the friend is hurt.

Question 2.
Suppose your mother has a headache. Do you also get a headache if you go near her?
Answer:
No, I do not get a headache if I go near her.

Question 3.
When is it that you are told not to go near a sick person, not to use their utensils for eating or drinking; not to use their hankies, towels or clothes?
Answer:
We are told not to go near a sisk person when the person is suffering from cold, flu, is having high fever, or if the person is suffering from chicken pox, measles, mumps etc.

Question 4.

What different activities are going on in the above picture.
Answer:
Women are washing clothes in the river. A boy is urinating in the water. A man is washing utensil and filling it with water. Buffaloes are being washed in the water. Children are swimming and a lady is filling pots with water to use for drinking purpose.

Question 5.

What do you see in the picture below above?
Answer:
Food is kept open. People are being served this uncovered food and they are eating it. The man serving the food is wearing dirty colthes. There is no cleanliness maintained in the restaurant.

Question 6.
What steps will you take to ensure that dust and flies do not settle on the food in your house?
Answer:
The food will be covered properly to see that no dust and flies settle on it. It will be kept in clean and closed utensils in the kitchen. Care will be taken to see that the kitchen is kept clean. So that no flies will sit there.

Question 7.
Why should you not go to school if you have conjunctivitis?
Answer:
Conjunctivitis causing germs spreads through air. If we go to school many other children will also get this disease. To prevent the spread of this disease, we should not go to school when suffering from conjunctivitis.

Glossary:

1. conjunctivitis – sore eyes, which causes irritation.
2. forbidden -not allowed.
3. contaminated – to make impure by adding some substance.
4. stagnates – gets collected.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 24 Substances, Objects and Energy Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 24 Substances, Objects and Energy

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 24 Substances, Objects and Energy Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What’s the solution?

Question a.
We need to make a sherbet quickly for some guests. But we only have sugar candy in the house.
Answer:
We can pound sugar candy into a fine powder. When the powder is fine, it will quickly dissolve in water. Therefore we can make sherbet quickly.

Question b.
We need to rub salt on a corncob but only salt crystals are available.
Answer:
We can pound salt crystals. Either we can use mortar pestle or we can also crush the crystals of salt in a grinder. Such powdered salt can be easily applied on the corncob.

2. Use your brain power!

Question a.
Why do tablets of camphor decrease in size day by day ?
Answer:
Tablets of Camphor are in solid state. Camphor has a property to turn into gaseous state directly from a solid state. Therefore, camphor decreases in size gradually. One can also notice the fragrance of camphor as it turns into vapour.

Question b.
How do we save fuel by using public transport ?
Answer:
Each automobile vehicle needs fuel either in the form of petrol, diesel, or CNG. If all the people use a separate vehicle, the amount of fuel consumed would be much more. If many people start using public transport, fuel consumption would be reduced. A single bus or a train can carry many people and thus it can save lots of fuel.

3. Answer the following questions.

Question a.
When and why do clothes smell of naphthalene?
Answer:
The naphthalene balls are continuously converted into small particles in the gaseous state. These particles settle down on the clothes in which they are kept. Therefore if naphthalene balls are kept for a long time in the clothes, they smell of naphthalene due to these particles.

Question b.
In which states is water found in nature?
Answer:
Water is found in all three states in nature, solid, liquid and gaseous state. Ice is the solid state of water. Water in lakes, sea etc. are in liquid state and steam or vapour is the gaseous state of water.

Question c.
What is the difference between the solid, liquid and gaseous states of a substance?
Answer:
The differences in the solid, liquid and gaseous state of substances is given in the table below:

Question d.
What is meant by energy?
Answer:
The capacity to do the work is called energy.

Activities :

Question 1.
Make different kinds of articles from clay.

Question 2.
Visit a wood workshop and observe the work being done there.

Question 3.
Obtain some information about the power generation plants in Maharashtra and present it in the classroom.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 24 Substances, Objects and Energy Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blank with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
All substances we see around us are made up of very tiny ………
(a) dust
(b) particles
(c) mud
Answer:
(b) particles

Question 2.
…………….. of particles of any substance must come together to form a particle that can be visible to our eyes.
(a) Lakhs
(b) Thousands
(c) Hundreds
Answer:
(a) Lakhs

Question 3.
Naphthalene balls which are kept open are continuously converted to small particles in the …… state.
(a) liquid
(b) solid
(c) gaseous
Answer:
(c) gaseous

Question 4.
Different substances have different …………..
(a) material
(b) properties
(c) code
Answer:
(b) properties

Question 5.
…………… is required to do work.
(a) Energy
(b) Strength
(c) Health
Answer:
(a) Energy

Question 6.
When something burns energy is released in the form of …………..
(a) heat
(b) rain
(c) cold
Answer:
(a) heat

Question 7.
Energy in the form of motion is called ……… energy.
(a) Kinesthetic
(b) Kinetic
(c) Solar
Answer:
(b) Kinetic

Question 8.
Stores of …………….. and ……. which are used as fuels, on earth are limited.
(a) mineral oil
(b) uranium
(c) coal
Answer:
(a) mineral oil, (c) coal

Question 9.
Energy obtained from sun is called …………… energy
(a) lunar
(b) solar
(c) tidal
Answer:
(b) solar

Question 10.
Energy obtained by breaking the tiniest particle of a substance is called …
(a) solar
(b) atomic
(c) kinetic
Answer:
(b) atomic

Question 11.
Sunlight, wind and water are ……………. sources of energy
(a) exhaustible?
(b) depleting
(c) non-exhaustible
Answer:
(c) non-exhaustible

Question 12.
When iron or copper is made smooth with a file, we get …………….. of iron or copper.
(a) particles
(b) soil
(c) saudust
Answer:
(a) particles

Question 13.
Liquids are also made of small…….
(a) droplets
(b) particles
(c) dust
Answer:
(b) particles

Question 14.
…………… is found in three states – solid, liquid and gaseous.
(a) Mineral oil
(b) Carbon
(c) Water
Answer:
(c) Water

Question 15.
In nature, every substance occurs in a………… state.
(a) special
(b) specific
(c) partial
Answer:
(b) specific

Question 16.
Aluminium and coal are is. ………. state.
(a) solid
(b) liquid
(c) gaseous
Answer:
(a) solid

Question 17.
Kerosene and petrol are in ……
(a) solid
(b) liquid
(c) gaseous
Answer:
(b) liquid

Question 18.
Nitrogen and Oxygen are in … ………….state.
(a) solid
(b) liquid
(c) gaseous
Answer:
(c) gaseous

Question 19.
The capacity of a body to do work is called
(a) work out
(b) energy
(c) exercise
Answer:
(b) energy

Question 20.
When petrol or diesel burns in a motor vehicle, …………… gets released.
(a) fire
(b) fuel
(c) energy
Answer:
(c) energy

Question 21.
Machines can be run using ……………….
(a) energy
(b) fuels
(c) water
Answer:
(b) fuels

Question 22.
Coal, diesel, CNG, LPG, petrol are all substances from which energy is obtained in form of
(a) heat
(b) rain
(c) cold
Answer:
(a) heat

Question 23.
When a person or vehicle moves, heat energy gets converted into …….
(a) electricity
(b) rain
(c) motion
Answer:
(c) motion

Question 24.
Electricity is also a form of ………….
(a) machine
(b) energy
(c) heat
Answer:
(b) energy

Question 25.
We use ……………. to run the T.V.
(a) wires
(b) plugs
(c) electricity
Answer:
(c) electricity

Question 26.
In a solar cooker …………………. energy is used.
(a) solar
(b) electricity
(c) L.P.G.
Answer:
(a) solar

Question 27.
Plants use……. to prepare their food.
(a) LPG
(b) induction
(c) sunlight
Answer:
(c) sunlight

Question 28.
When we burn substances like coal or mineral oil, the …………………. energy, they contain is converted into heat energy.
(a) solar
(b) stored
(c) lunar
Answer:
(b) stored

Question 29.
Stores of coal and mineral oil on earth are
(a) unlimited
(b) limited
(c) plenty
Answer:
(b) limited

Question 30.
………… batteries produce electricity using sunlight
(a) Water
(b) Solar
(c) Tidal
Answer:
(b) Solar

Name the following:

Question 1.
Any three substances found in solid state.
Answer:
Iron, copper, aluminium, wood

Question 2.
Three substances found in liquid state.
Answer:
Water, milk, cough syrup.

Question 3.
Three substances found in gaseous state.
Answer:
Naphthalene balls, iodine crystals

Question 4.
Substances which goes into gaseous state directly from solid state.
Answer:
Naphthalene balls

Question 5.
Properties of substances.
Answer:
Transparency, hardness, colour, smell, solubility in water.

Question 6.
Fuels used for running machines.
Answer:
LPG, CNG, coal, diesel, petrol.

Question 7.
Examples of kinetic energy.
Answer:
Moving wind mill, sailing boats, running water, moving car etc.

Question 8.
Forms of energy.
Answer:
Sound, heat, light, electricity.

Question 9.
Main source of energy used by us.
Answer:
Electricity

Question 10.
Energy sources which do not cause pollution
Answer:
Wind energy, solar energy.

Answer in one sentence :

Question 1.
What are all subtances made up of?
Answer:
All substances are made up of fine particles.

Question 2.
Why do naphthalene balls grow smaller in size and gradually disappear?
Answer:
Naphthalene when left open continuously gets converted into small gaseous particles, so, as these particles leave the naphthalene balls, they grow smaller is size and slowly disappear.

Question 3.
Which substance is found in all three states?
Answer:
Water is found in all three states – solid, liquid and gaseous.

Question 4.
What are the different properties of substance?
Answer:
Different substances have different properties, like hardness, transparency, colour, smell, solubility in water etc.

Question 5.
What is ‘energy?
Answer:
The capacity of a body to do work is called energy

Question 6.
How is energy released?
Answer:
When petrol or diesel burns in a motor vehicle, energy gets released.

Question 7.
Name some substance from which energy is obtained.
Answer:
Coal, diesel, CNG, LPG, petrol are all substances from which energy is obtained.

Question 8.
What is Kinetic energy?
Answer:
Energy in the form of motion is called Kinetic energy.

Question 9.
Why should we find alternate sources of energy?
Answer:
Stores of coal and mineral oil on earth are very limited and fast depleting therefore we must find alternate sources of energy.

Question 10.
What are solar batteries?
Answer:
Batteries which produce electricity using sunlight are called solar batteries.

Question 11.
Why should we make a habit of using minimum amount of electricity?
Answer:
In any method of electricity generation, resources from the environment have to be used. Hence, we should make a habit to conserve electricity

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
What uses of heat energy do we see in our daily life?
Answer:
We use heat energy to cook food, to heat water, to press our clothes, to keep us warm during cold winters in areas where temperature is very low, etc.

Question 2.
Why do tablets of camphor decrease in size day by day?
Answer:
Camphor particles present in the tablets escape by getting converted directly to gaseous state. Therefore the tablets of camphor decrease in size day by day.

Question 3.
How do we save fuel by using public transport?
Answer:
If people drive car instead of using public transport while going to work, more fuel will be burnt, as each car will burn the fuel to release energy and work. However if public transport is used. We need to use fuel, only for one transport vehicle. Hence it will save a lot of fuel if people use the public transport.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is meant by energy? Name the sources of energy
Answer:
The capacity of a body to do work is called energy. Energy is obtained by burning fuel is in the form of heat. This heat is used to do work. The sources of energy are the sun, coal, diesel, CNG, LPG, petrol, wind, moving water and electricity

Question 2.
What is the original source of energy for the electricity produced at a thermal power station? How is electricity generated?
Answer:
In a thermal power station coal is the original source of energy. Here coal is burnt to release heat. The heat generated is utilised to convert water to steam. Then steam is used to rotate the turbines. As the turbine rotates electricity is produced.

Can you tell?

1. Write a few lines on the black board with a chalk. Now observe the chalk.

Question a.
What change do you see in the chalk?
Answer:
The chalk becomes smaller in size, after writing.

Question b.
Why did the chalk become smaller in size after writing on the board?
Answer:
When we wrote on the board the pieces of chalk stick to board, therefore the chalk became smaller in size.

2. Wipe the board with a duster and then tap the duster against the table.

Question a.
What do you see?
Answer:
A fine white particles of chalk fell of the duster when we tapped it against the table.

Question b.
From where did these white particles come?
Answer:
When we rubbed the board, the chalk particles from the board stuck to the duster and when we tapped the duster these chalk particles fell.

Question c.
If there is a sudden shower, we take shelter under a roof on the road side. Even though the rain does not fall on us directly we get wet to some extent why?
Answer:
The raindrops slow down the roof and fall on the ground. They break into fine droplets when they fall and bounce off the ground. These droplets make us wet. Hence though the rain does not fall on us directly we get wet to some extent.

Question d.
Asmita went to buy an earthen pot. There she saw many things kept for sale. How did she identify what she needed? From what substance had the potter made all the things?
Answer:
Asmita identified the things kept from their shape and colour. The potter had made all the things using clay.

Question e.
What is the difference between a substance and an object?
Answer:
Difference between substance and object is given below:

Substance	Object
1. Substances are made up of tiny particles.	1. Objects are made using substances.
2. Substances may or may not have definite shape. They occur in a specific state.	2. Objects have definite shape. Their parts are put together in a particular way.
3. Wood, aluminium, coal, iron etc are examples of substances.	3. Table, chair, flower pots, lamp etc. are examples of objects.

Question f.
There is a car. Its tank is full of fuel, but it does not move. Why is that?
Answer:
The energy has to be released from the fuel to make the car move. The energy is released when the petrol burns. The petrol starts burning only after we turn on the car engine. Since the engine is not on, the car does not move even when its tank is full of fuel.

Question g.
When we have run a long distance, we feel tired. We have to stop. Why is that?
Answer:
We need energy to run. Hence when we run a long distance, the food present in the body is continuously burn to release energy. This energy is used to do the work of running. After running a long distance the food gets exhausted and the energy released decreases and therefore we feel tired and we stop.

Glossary :

1. fossil fuel – fuel formed in the earth o from plant or animal remains
2. exhaustible – the resources which can not be renewed or recycled
3. depleting – reduction in quantity
4. corncob – core of Indian com.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 22 Growth and Personality Development Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 22 Growth and Personality Development

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 22 Growth and Personality Development Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What’s the solution?

Question 1.
What’s the solution?
Kabir wants to be a professor of zoology. What can he do today to prepare for that?
Answer:
Kabir should study regularly and sincerely. He should read various books on animals. He should learn to speak in public by participating in elocution competition. Also he should do the project work given by the teacher and explain it in the class to his friends. By doing all these things he will develop all the skills necessary for becoming a professor.

2. Use your brain power!

Question (a)
What skills do we already have before we leam to ride bicycle?
Answer:
Before riding a bicycle we know to walk, run, jump, climb, skip and hop. Hence we are able to climb and sit on the bicycle and balance it by touching the ground with our legs.

Question (b)
Suman wishes to run a restaurant of her own in the future. Which of the skill she is learning today will be of use in her future occupation?
Answer:
The following skill mentioned below which she is learning today will be of help to Suman: The skill of cooking meals, writing down the recipe, keeping an account of the money spent, making the list of grocery item needed, serving food, packing food, cleaning the table etc. are some of the few skills which will help her to run a restaurant in future.

3. Answer the following questions:

Question (a)
What is meant by heredity? (Explain)
Answer:
People of one family show similarities in physical characteristics in many ways. Some features or traits are like our grandparents, some like our parents and some like our brothers and sisters. Being bom with certain features or traits in common with the members of our family is called heredity.

Question (b)
What differences do we see between children in preprimary classes and children in standard?
Answer:
Preprimary children are not able to read and write. They cannot dress on their own, they cannot tie shoe laces, comb their hair etc. They are dependent on their mother, teachers, and Aya for everything. Whereas a standard child can read and write, dress on his own, he can do most of the routine work independently.

Question (c)
What changes take place in us from birth till adulthood?

Question (d)
Name any three skills you have acquired.
Answer:
The skills that I have acquired are skipping, jumping, reading, writing, cycling etc.

Question (e)
What is meant by physical growth?
Answer:
Growing in height and weight from childhood to adulthood is called physical growth.

4. True or false?

Question 1.
State whether the following statements are true or false:
(a) A baby gradually learn to perform newly learnt tasks without making mistake.
(b) At, birth we already learn all skills.
(c) We cannot manage all our tasks entirely by overselves.
(d) Our height manage all our tasks entirely by oversieves.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True
(d) False

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 22 Growth and Personality Development Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blank with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
All living things eat grow ………………… .
(a) physically
(b) spritually
(c) mentally
Answer:
(a) physically

Question 2.
Human beings grow in height and weight from birth to ………………….. .
(a) childhood
(b) adulthood
(c) teens
Answer:
(b) adulthood

Question 3.
When a person begins to do a task more easily without doing mistake his ……………… increase.
(a) inefficiency
(b) practicality
(c) efficiency
Answer:
(c) efficiency

Question 4.
The greater the number of skills we learn, the less is our …………………. on others.
(a) independence
(b) effort
(c) dependence
Answer:
(c) dependence

Question 5.
We must all learn to take ……………….. for doing our personal tasks ourselves.
(a) responsibility
(b) jobs
(c) irresponsibility
Answer:
(a) responsibility

Question 6.
The features and traits that we possess right from the time we are born are known as……………….. traits.
(a) inborn
(b) inherited
(c) physical
Answer:
(b) inherited

Question 7.
Our personality develops through our …………………. and ……………….. .
(a) efforts
(b) strength
(c) interest
Answer:
(c) interest, (a) efforts

Question 8.
Only when ………………….. are put into practice, we can say the personality developed in excellent.
(a) good thoughts/values
(b) vices
(c) bad thoughts
Answer:
(a) good thoughts/values

Question 9.
Lack of …………….. also affects growth adversely even if we take nutritious food.
(a) money
(b) exercise
(c) jewellery
Answer:
(b) exercise

Question 10.
We can live an independent useful and enriched life with the help of ………………. .
(a) property
(b) skills
(c) vices
Answer:
(b) skills

Question 11.
Small babies ………………. do anything for themselves.
(a) can
(b) cannot
(c) able to
Answer:
(b) cannot

Question 12.
Achieving control of one’s …………………. or learning to do something new is called ‘learning a skill’.
(a) limbs
(b) movements
(c) arms
Answer:
(b) movements

Question 13.
Everyday, we keep …………….. .
(a) repeating
(b) walking
(c) learning
Answer:
(c) learning

Question 14.
With age our ……………… strength also increases.
(a) spiritual
(b) mental
(c) physical
Answer:
(c) physical

Question 15.
Animals learn only a certain number of ……………….. in their life.
(a) skills
(b) hunting
(c) steps
Answer:
(a) skills

Question 16.
Our height grows till we are about …………………. years old.
(a) 15
(b) 18
(c) 20
Answer:
(b) 18

Question 17.
People of one family show ……………….. in many ways.
(a) similarities
(b) dissimilar
(c) bonding
Answer:
(a) similarities

Question 18.
No one has any …………………. over which traits we will inherit and which we will not.
(a) tolerance
(b) control
(c) hand
Answer:
(b) control

Question 19.
We …………….. the ability to learn many skills.
(a) inherit
(b) remember
(c) copy
Answer:
(a) inherit

Question 20.
………………… our skills helps us to live an independent, useful and enriching life.
(a) Working out
(b) Practising
(c) Developing
Answer:
(c) Developing

Question 21.
Food is necessary for ……………….. .
(a) body
(b) growth
(c) diet
Answer:
(b) growth

Question 22.
Along with nutritious food, adequate ………………….. is also necessary for growth and development.
(a) skills
(b) cycling
(c) exercise
Answer:
(c) exercise

Question 23.
Lack of exercise ……………… growth adversely.
(a) effects
(b) affects
(c) defects
Answer:
(b) affects

Question 24.
Each person has every right to get the opportunity to make progress and ……………. their own life.
(a) bench
(b) prosperous
(c) enrich
Answer:
(c) enrich

Question 25.
Our physical and mental make up is not the ………………… as that of anyone else.
(a) different
(b) same
(c) similar
Answer:
(b) same

Question 26.
Our ……………….. develops through our interests and efforts.
(a) personality
(b) excellence
(c) exercise
Answer:
(a) personality

Question 27.
Our personality can be said to be …………….. only when we put good thoughts into practice.
(a) weak
(b) average
(c) excellent
Answer:
(c) excellent

Question 2.
State whether the following statements are true or false:

1. The child is motivated to practice an activity again and again when he is praised for trying to carry out the activity.
2. Animals go on learning many skills throughout their life.
3. In a family all the brothers and sisters are identical.
4. A baby learn to walk and run only after his parents teach him.
5. If a baby is not able to walk and talk by the time it is two years, then growth and development of the baby is not taking place properly.
6. Learning various skills makes us independent as it helps us to do various tasks on our own.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. True
6. True

Answer the following questions in one sentence:

Question 1.
What do you mean by ‘inherited’ traits?
Answer:
The traits with which we are bom, and are common with members of our family are called ‘inherited’ traits.

Question 2.
What things would you like to do just for recreation?
Answer:
I would like to play football, cricket or do drawing, painting, or read a story book.

Question 3.
Which are the skills that a child of Std V should learn so that he can get ready for school without depending on his mother’s help?
Answer:
He should leam to wear his own tie, tie his shoes laces, wear shoes and socks, comb his hair, wear his clothes on his own. So that he can get ready for school without depending on his mother for her help.

Question 4.
What is meant by addiction?
Answer:
When a particular skill or activity increases our dependence on it, by making us crave for repeating it again and again it is called addiction.

Question 5.
Name a few activities which lead to addiction and affect development of a child.
Answer:
Playing video games, eating gutka, paan masala, playing games on mobile, eating chocolates etc. are a few skills or activities which lead to addiction and have bad effects on the development of a child.

Question 6.
What is learning a skill?
Answer:
Achieving control of one’s movements or leam to do something new is called ‘learning a skill’.

Question 7.
What is development?
Answer:
As we grow, our height, weight and physical strength increase, also we leam a lot of new skills. This progress we make is called development.

Question 8.
What skills do animals learn from their mothers?
Answer:
Animals learn from their mother, skills to obtain food, protect themselves from the sun, rain and from enemies.

Question 9.
How do people sometimes recognize us?
Answer:
People of one family show similarities, some of our features or traits are like those of our grandparents or our parent’s siblings. That is why sometimes people who know them recognize us.

Question 10.
What is heredity?
Answer:
Being bom with certain features or traits in common with the members of our family is ‘heredity’.

Question 11.
What leads to good development?
Answer:
We must study well, avoid addiction, develop hobbies, take part in sports, learn new skills. This way of life leads to good development.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Sayali is in the sixth standard. They are going for a picnic. Sayali’s Aai is going to make ladoos for the whole class. But she needs Sayali’s help. What can Sayali do to help?
Answer:
Sayali can make a list of the ingredients needed to make ladoos with the help of her mother. Sayali can assist her mother to give shape to the ladoos. Sayali can pack the ladoos in a tiffin box. This is how Sayali can help mother.

Question 2.
Many skills have been mentioned in this lesson up to now. Can you do without learning some of them? Which ones are necessary for any person?
Answer:
Yes, it is not necessary to leam all the skills. Everyone need not leam the skill of playing football, cook a meal, write a story, press clothes etc. However everyone should be able to eat with one’s own hand, wash one’s own face, have a bath, dressing oneself, reading a book, writing answers, communicate his thoughts etc.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
How many years does it take the young ones of the tiger/elephant to start living independently?
Answer:
The cub of a tiger starts living independently after 18 months. However sometimes it takes 2 years to 2 1/2 years also. The calf of an elephant starts living independently after 6 years. However sometimes they may become independent after 8-10 years also.

Question 2.
Explain what do you mean by development.
Answer:
As we grow, our height and weight increases. With age our physical strength also increase. We also keep learning more and more new skills. In this way every individual makes progress. ‘This is called development’.

Question 3.
Describe the factors that affect growth and development.
Answer:
The factors that affect growth and development are the food we eat, exercise and our values and behaviour.
1. The food that we eat: If we have nutritious food we gain strength and ability to learn various skills. We also grow tall and develop a good personality. If food is not nutritious we become malnourished and development and growth gets affected.
2. Exercise also brings about proper growth and development. Lack of exercise affects growth adversely.
3. Along with food and exercise it is important that we have Food values and we put it into practice. Our values and behaviour also affect development. Good thoughts put into practice make us an excellent personality.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Always playing video games or games on mobile is not good for development.
OR
Always playing video games has an adverse effect on personality.
Answer:
Always playing video games and games on mobile makes a person addicted to it. The person cannot think of anything else and looses concentration in other activities. The child playing these games cannot concentrate in studies, nor is he able to develop new good skills.

Seeing the violence in the video game the child does not get good thoughts. Hence due to all this, good development does not take place and it affects the child’s growth and personality adversely.

Can you tell:

Question 1.
Can an infant feed itself?
Answer:
No, the infant cannot feed itself. The mother has to feed the infant.

Question 2.
Can a two years old child fold clothes neatly?
Answer:
No, a two year old child cannot fold his clothes neatly. However if taught he can try to fold his handkerchief.

Question 3.
When do they learn to these task?
Answer:
The child learns to feed himself a when he is one year old. However he can feed himself properly without spilling after two years. The child can fold his clothes after he becomes five years old.

Question 4.
Which of the following things have you learnt to do? Which Ones have you yet to learn?
Answer:
The tasks which a fifth Std child can do are skipping on a rope, writing an essay, combing his hair, telling a story, using a computer, etc. The child may not be able to give a speech, riding a bicycle, swimming, counting money, climbing a tree etc.

Glossary:

1. traits – genetically determined characteristic
2. addiction – to become dependent on something.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 21 Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 21 Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 21 Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Textbook Questions and Answers

1. what’s the solution?

Question 1.
A person has fainted and a crowd of people has surrounded him.

2. Use your brain power!

Question (a)
Why do we sometimes choke suddenly while eating?
Answer:
The food that we chew in the mouth enters the oesophagus after swallowing. The upper ends of both the oesophagus and the windpipe open in the throat next to each other. When we swallow the food in a hurry while eating, sometimes the food suddenly enters the windpipe causing us to suddenly choke.

Question (b)
How is the air that we inhale purified in our body?
Answer:
The inner lining of the respiratory tract secretes a sticky substance called mucus. It also has hair-like structures called cilia. The air that we inhale is purified with the help of this mucus and cilia. The cilia filter the dust, smoke, micro-organisms etc. and these substances get entangled in the sticky mucus and stick to the inner lining of the nose. Sometimes the cilia push out these substances towards the nostrils which is then blown out by sneezing. Thus this is how air that we inhale is purified.

3. Fill in the blanks.

Question (a)
………………… gas is continuously transported to all parts of the body.
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
Answer:
(a) Oxygen

Question (b)
The stomach is like a …………………… .
(a) ball
(b) skin
(c) bag
Answer:
(c) bag

4. Match the columns:

Question 1.
Match the columns:

Group ‘A’	Group ’B’
1. Lungs	(a) Circulation
2. Stomach	(b) Respiration
3. Heart	(c) Co-ordination
4. Brain	(d) Digestion

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ’B’
1. Lungs	(b) Respiration
2. Stomach	(d) Digestion
3. Heart	(a) Circulation
4. Brain	(c) Co-ordination

5. Answer the following questions.

Question (a)
Name the systems that carry out the different functions of the body.
Answer:
The systems that carry out the different functions of the body are Digestive system, Respiratory system, Circulatory system, Excretory system, Nervous system and Skeletal system.

Question (b)
Describe how the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases takes place in the lungs.
Answer:
The air that we inhale contains oxygen. This outside air reaches the lungs with the help of the respiratory organs like nose, trachea and diaphragm. When the outside air reaches the alveoli present in the lungs it passes into the thin blood vessels around the alveoli.

With the blood, it flows to the various parts of the body. At the same time the carbon dioxide that is brought by the blood from all parts of the body leave the blood and enters the alveoli. When we exhale this carbon dioxide is given out. In this way the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases takes place in the lungs.

Question (c)
Why do we call saliva, a digestive juice?
Answer:
The digestive juice are the juices secreted by the glands present outside the digestive system and they help in digesting the food. When food is taken in the mouth, saliva is secreted by the glands called salivary glands into the mouth.

The saliva then mixes with the food that is chewed and it converts the food into soft moist ball called bolus which is easy to swallow. The saliva also digests the starch present in the food. Since saliva helps in digestion of food it, is called a digestive juice.

6. Choose the appropriate word from the brackets:

Question (a)
Respiration takes place because of its up and down movement.
Answer:
diaphragm

Question (b)
The process of keeping the blood flowing continuously throughout the body
Answer:
circulation

Question (c)
Air that enters through the nose and passes into this tube.
Answer:
trachea

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 21 Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
The …………………. is present between the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity below the lung.
(a) stomach
(b) diaphragm
(c) heart
Answer:
(b) diaphragm

Question 2.
The air sacs formed at the end of the last branches of the trachea are called ………………… .
(a) alveoli
(b) thoracic
(c) blood vessel
Answer:
(a) alveoli

Question 3.
The inner lining of the respiratory organs has the fine hair-like structures called ……………….. .
(a) nose
(b) cilia
(c) alveoli
Answer:
(b) cilia

Question 4.
A layer of sticky substances present in the inner lining of the respiratory organ is known as …………… .
(a) mucus
(b) cilia
(c) skin
Answer:
(a) mucus

Question 5.
Smoking causes life threatning diseases like ………………… .
(a) lung cancer
(b) asthma
(c) pneumonia
Answer:
(a) lung cancer

Question 6.
The process of digestion begins in the …………….. .
(a) stomach
(b) oesophagus
(c) mouth
Answer:
(c) mouth

Question 7.
Small intestine of an adult is …………………. long and the large intestine is ………………. long.
(a) 7 mtrs
(b) 1 1/2 mtr
(c) 2 mtrs
Answer:
(a) 7 mtrs, (b) 1 1/2 mtr

Question 8.
………………….. is the hardest substance in our body.
(a) Tooth enamel
(b) Nail
(c) Hair
Answer:
(a) Tooth enamel

Question 9.
…………………… is secreted by the salivary glands.
(a) Mucus
(b) Saliva
(c) Cilia
Answer:
(b) Saliva

Question 10.
It is necessary for the body to get a continuous supply of ………………… .
(a) oxygen
(b) nitrogen
(c) carbon dioxide
Answer:
(a) oxygen

Question 11.
When the diaphragm moves …………….. we breathe in.
(a) upward
(b) sideways
(c) downward
Answer:
(c) downward

Question 12.
The food we eat is ………………….. in our body.
(a) mixed
(b) churned
(c) digested
Answer:
(c) digested

Question 13.
The teeth, tongue and saliva all help to convert food into a soft moist ball called a …………………………. .
(a) bolus
(b) cilia
(c) saliva
Answer:
(a) bolus

Question 14.
As a result of respiration, …………………. enters the blood in the body and spreads to all parts of the body.
(a) carbon
(b) sulphur
(c) oxygen
Answer:
(c) oxygen

Question 15.
The process of keeping the blood flowing through all parts of the body is called ……………….. circulation.
(a) body
(b) blood
(c) oxygen
Answer:
(b) blood

Question 16.
As long as we are alive, the process of blood ………………… goes on continuously, day and night.
(a) respiration
(b) circulation
(c) co-ordination
Answer:
(b) circulation

Question 17.
Maintaining the co-ordination of the different functions in the body is the function of the ……………… .
(a) lung
(b) nerves
(c) brain
Answer:
(c) brain

Question 18.
A network of ………………… carry messages to and fro between the brain and the parts of the body.
(a) nerves
(b) blood vessels
(c) muscles
Answer:
(a) nerves

Question 19.
The brain and the network of nerves are together called the ………………. system.
(a) circulatory
(b) nervous
(c) respiratory
Answer:
(b) nervous

Define the following or Explain the terms:

Question 1.
System
Answer:
A group of organs that carry out similar functions in the body is called a system.

Question 2.
Blood circulation
Answer:
The process of keeping the blood flowing through all parts of the body is called blood circulation.

Question 3.
Digestion
Answer:
The process of converting food to simpler substances which can get mixed into blood easily is called digestion.

Question 4.
Respiration
Answer:
The process of entering of oxygen into the blood, so that it can be used to burn the food and release energy is called respiration.

Question 3.
Choose the appropriate word from the brackets:
(constipation, trachea, diaphragm, circulation, breathing, brain, enamel)

1. Maintaining co-ordination between various systems is its function.
2. When there is a tooth decay this is corroded a.
3. The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.
4. Passing hard stool or not passing stool regularly.

Answer:

1. brain
2. enamel
3. breathing
4. constipation

4.

Question (A)
Match the columns:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Mouth	(a) Excess water present is absorbed
2. Stomach	(b) Faeces collected
3. Small intestine	(c) Formation of bolus
4. Large intestine	(d) Food absorbed into the blood
5. Rectum	(e) Food changes to thin slurry

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Mouth	(c) Formation of bolus
2. Stomach	(e) Food changes to thin slurry
3. Small intestine	(d) Food absorbed into the blood
4. Large intestine	(a) Excess water present is absorbed
5. Rectum	(b) Faeces collected

Question 5.
Name the following:

1. An organ that pumps blood continuously.
2. An organ that maintains and co-ordinates the functioning of all the organ systems.
3. An organ that expels4faeces.
4. Organs which are affected by drinking alcohol for a long period of time.
5. A system that gives support and shape to the body.
6. A system that expels the waste substances that are formed in the body.

Answer:

1. Heart
2. Brain
3. Anus
4. Liver and Kidney
5. Skeletal System
6. Excretory System

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Which organ helps us to enjoy many different tastes and flavours while having our meals?
Answer:
The tongue and the nose help us to sense the taste and flavours while having our meal.

Question 2.
Name the organs of the digestive system. (Use your brain power.)
Answer:
The organs of the digestive system are mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus and all the other outside glands like salivary glands, liver and pancreas.

Question 3.
In which cavity of the body are the brain, lungs, heart and stomach situated and what is its function?
Answer:
The brain is situated in the cranial cavity, the heart and the lung is present the thoracic cavity and the stomach is present in the abdominal cavity. The bones present in the cavity protect these delicate organs.

Question 4.
Which bones protect the brain, heart and lungs and the stomach?
Answer:
The brain is protected by the skull, the heart and lungs are protected by rib cage as they are present inside it and the stomach is protected by strong muscles and by the rib cage.

Question 5.
How is faeces formed?
Answer:
When the digested food and water gets absorbed into the blood, and then what remains behind forms the faeces.

Question 6.
How many times do humans breathe per minute when resting or sitting comfortably?
Answer:
A healthy adult breathes 16-20 times per minute whereas a child of 6 months breathes 25-40 times per minutes and a child of 6-10 years breathes 18-25 times per minute.

Question 7.
How many times does one breathe after running a hundred metre race?
Answer:
When a person runs a race the breath rate is more than 16-20 times per minute for an adult and more than 18-25 times per minute for a child of 6 -10 years.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Harmful substances like dust, smoke and microorganisms present in the air cannot reach the lungs.
Answer:
The inner lining of the nose has thin hair-like structures called cilia. This inner lining also secretes a sticky substance called mucus. The harmful substances like dust, smoke, micro-organisms etc. are filtered by the cilia and they get entangled in the mucus.

This then sticks to the inner lining of the nose. The cilia sometimes pushes these substances towards the nostril. This is then blown out by sneezing. Thus the harmful substances are prevented from entering the lungs.

Question 2.
Smoking for a long time reduces the efficiency of the lung.
Answer:
When one keeps smoking over a long period of time, the toxic substances in the smoke collect in the respiratory tract. The solid particles in this tobacco smoke form a sticky layer inside the alveoli. As these toxic substances get collected more and more, the exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide does not take place properly. Therefore, the efficiency of the lung decreases.

Question 3.
It is important to drink adequate quantities of water after eating.
Answer:
Water is absorbed through the alimentary canal and used for all processes. If one does not drink enough water digestion cannot take place properly, as food cannot keep moving properly. This will lead to constipation. Also water absorbed is used for the proper functioning of all other body processes. Therefore, it is important to drink adequate quantity of water.

Question 4.
We must not eat in a hurry and avoid speaking while eating.
Answer:
The upper ends of both the oesophagus and the windpipe open in the throat next to each other. When food is swallowed the wind pipe remains closed. If we eat in a hurry or speak while eating, food may enter the windpipe and cause us to choke. To avoid this from happening, we must not eat in a hurry or speak while eating.

Question 5.
It is dangerous to drive after drinking alcohol.
Answer:
Alcohol affects the nervous system. Hence when one drinks alcohol, one loses control over the movements of the body due to lack of co-ordination. Due to lack of co-ordination while driving when many accidents occur on the road, leading to loss of life. Therefore, it is dangerous to drive after drinking alcohol.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Describe which systems work together to provide the body with energy.
Answer:
The oxygen present in the inhaled air enters the blood due to the respiratory system. The food is digested and it also enters the blood due to the digestive system. The blood then flows to every part of the body due to circulatory system and it supplies the digested food and oxygen.

The food acts as fuel and it bums slowly in presence of oxygen releasing energy. This energy is then used by various parts of the body to do work. Thus the respiratory system, digestive system and circulatory system work together to provide the body with energy.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Describe the process of digestion taking place in the stomach.
Answer:
The soft bolus which is swallowed enters the stomach through the oesophagus. Here the food is then churned. The digestive juices mix with this food and bring about some digestive process. At the same time disease producing . germs present in the food are destroyed. The food then changes into a thin slurry’ and passes into the small intestine.

Question 2.
How is food absorbed into the blood?
Answer:
The thin slurry formed in the stomach enters the small intestine. Many glands like liver, pancreas secrete their digestive juices into the small intestine. These secretions help in the digestive process. As a result of these processes, some substances which can easily mix with the blood are formed. These substances are then absorbed into the blood.

Question 3.
Give the functions of the following system, (a) Skeletal System (b) Nervous System (c) Excretory System.
Answer:
(a) Skeletal System gives support and shape to our body. They also protect the important organs like brain, heart, lungs, etc. present in our body.
(b) Nervous System: It helps to co-ordinate the functions of various systems. Thus it maintains the smooth functioning of all the systems.
(c) Excretory System: It helps to expel the waste produced in our body and helps in keeping us
healthy.

Question 4.
How do we inhale and exhale air?
Answer:
When the diaphragm moves down, the air is sucked inside the lung. Thus air is inhaled when diaphragm moves up the air inside the lung is pushed out. Thus the air is exhaled. The up and down movement of the diaphragm causes us to exhale and inhale air.

Question 5.
Draw neat and labelled diagram of:
(1) Respiratory system (2) Digestive system.
Answer:
1. Respiratory system

2. Digestive system

Can you tell?

Question 1.
Name the organs that bring about respiration.
Answer:
The organs that help in respiration are, the nose, the trachea or wind pipe, the diaphragm and the lungs.

Question 2.
How do we know that we are hungry and that we should eat?
Answer:
When the food absorbed in the blood gets exhausted, after release of energy, the message reaches the brain via the network of nerves. Due to this, the brain then gets the signal that the body needs food. We realise we are hungry and we need to eat food.

Question 3.
How do the salivary glands come to know that there is food in the mouth and it is time to secrete saliva?
Answer:
When we eat food the nerve present in the nose and tongue send the message via the network of nerves to the brain. The brain then sends the message to the salivary gland to secrete the saliva. This is how the salivary glands comes to know that there is food in the mouth and it needs to secrete saliva.

Question 4.
What makes respiration and blood circulation go on all the time and the process of digestion happen at the right time?
Answer:
Our body needs energy to do work. Due to this our body requires a supply of oxygen continuously. Thus to supply oxygen continuously respiration goes on continuously. To carry oxygen to all the parts of the body continuously blood needs to circulate. Therefore circulation also needs to go on continuously. When energy is released the food absorbed in the blood gets exhausted. Through the network of nerves the brain gets the message and it signals us that we are hungry and we need to eat food.

The moment we eat food the nervous system brings about co-ordination between the digestive organs and digestion takes place at the right time. Thus respiration and blood circulation go on all the time and the process of digestion happens at the right time.

Glossary:

1. moist – slightly wet
2. churned – moved vigorously.
3. adequate – acceptable in quantity.
4. corroded – damaged
5. expels – forces out from body.
6. choke – difficulty in breathing
7. secretes -produces and discharges (a substance).
8. slurry – a semi-liquid mixture.