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Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 9 World: Decolonisation Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 9 World: Decolonisation

1A. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement.

Question 1.
In the First World War ____________ and Turkey were defeated.
(a) America
(b) France
(c) England
(d) Germany
Answer:
(d) Germany

Question 2.
In 1935 ____________ was separated from India.
(a) Myanmar
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) the Maldives
(d) Iran
Answer:
(a) Myanmar

Question 3.
In 1947, first conference of ____________ countries was held.
(a) Unity
(b) Asian
(c) Atlantic
(d) Manchester
Answer:
(b) Asian

1B. Find the incorrect pair from group ‘B’ and write the corrected one.

Question 1.

Answer:
Manchester – The 5th Pan-African Congress in 1945

2. Choose the correct reason from those given below and complete the sentence.

Question 1.
During the Second World War, the independence movements in Africa were more intensified ____________
(a) The colonies in Africa threw away the dominance of alien European powers
(b) African leaders were trained in the western education system
(c) During the Second World War the British and the French began to give some rights to the people in their colonies
(d) European countries were involved in the Second World war
Answer:
(c) During the Second World War the British and the; French began to give some rights to the people in their colonies

3. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Bandung Conference.
Answer:

• India called the first conference of Asian countries in 1947 which was attended by the representatives of 25 Asian countries.
• In this conference, the concept of Asian regionalism was shaped. The issues like common problems faced by Asian people, the social, economic, and cultural problems of the Asian countries, and the need for mutual co-operation among Asian countries were discussed in this conference.
• This conference was followed by the first conference of Asian and African countries held in 1955 at Bandung in Indonesia. This is known as the ‘Bandung Conference’.
• In this conference, the problems of Afro-Asian countries were discussed and it was decided to focus on world peace and mutual co-operation.

Question 2.
Concept of African Unity.
Answer:

• The concept of African unity was first put forward by H.S. Williams. He formed an organization while in London, called as ‘African Association’ (later called as Pan-African Association).
• He organised its first conference in 1900. W.E.B. Du Bois, an American sociologist of African origin was present at this conference.
• In 1919, the second conference of African leaders and thinkers was held in Paris, known as the ‘Pan-African Congress’.
• Thereafter, W.E.B. Du Bois and his associates called a series of Pan-African Congress at various places. This resulted in the idea of Pan-African unity taking deep roots in Africa.
• The 5th Pan-African Congress was held at Manchester in 1945 by people of African origin living in Manchester.

4. Explain the following statements with reasons.

Question 1.
There were three wars fought between the British and Myanmar.
Answer:

• Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country. In 1599 the Portuguese defeated the king of one of the kingdoms in Myanmar.
• However, in 1611 various dynasties ruling in Myanmar got together, defeated the Portuguese, and amalgamated their kingdoms.
• United Myanmar adopted an expansionist policy and conquered Manipur and Assam.
• It means that the British Indian territory was under threat of being invaded, a situation that caused three wars between the British and Myanmar is known as the Anglo-Burmese war.
• The first war in 1826 was won by the British and they took over Assam and Manipur and Arakan.
• British also defeated Myanmar in the second war. At about the same time the French had taken over the regions of ‘Upper Burma’.
• In the third war, the British won this region too, thereby ruling over the entire Myanmar.
• In this way during three Anglo-Burmese wars British annexed the entire Myanmar.

Question 2.
The end of the Second World War created an environment in which the process of decolonisation gained speed.
Answer:

• The Second World War dealt a serious blow to the colonial powers, depriving them of their former prestige.
• The process of decolonisation accelerated in a short time because of the conflicts among European coloniser countries and the anti-colonial movements in the colonies.
• The European countries could not have reasoned out colonisation and the exploitation of colonies from an intellectual platform.
• The Asian and African continents were filled with a heightened spirit of independence movements.
• The awareness about these movements spread rapidly. Many countries in both continents obtained their freedom.
• In ten years following the end of the Second World War, with successive waves of decolonisation in Asia and Africa, the Third World took its place as a new player in the international arena.

Class 12 History Chapter 9 World: Decolonisation Intext Questions and Answers

Get to know: (Textbook Page No. 72)

Collect more information regarding the ‘Atlantic Charter’ and organise a class discussion on the topic.
Answer:
Introduction: The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement issued on August 14, 1941, that defined goals for the post-war world. The Atlantic Charter was drafted by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President F.D. Roosevelt at the Atlantic Conference in Newfoundland. All the allies of World War II later confirmed it. The terms of the Atlantic Charter were as follows:

• No territorial expansion and territorial changes were against the wishes of the people.
• All people had a right to self-determination.
• No territorial gains were sought by the U.S. and the U.K.
• Trade and barriers were to be lowered.
• There was to be global economic co-operation and advancement of social welfare.
• The participants would work for a world free of want and fear.
• The participants would work for freedom of the seas.
• There was to be disarmament of aggressor nations and post-war common disarmament. This agreement proved to be one of the first steps towards the formation of the United Nation.

Discuss in the Class (Textbook Page No. 75)

Make a list of the colonies of the British colonies in Asia and Africa with their geographical locations and discuss in the class their independence struggle and the dates of their independence.
Answer:
Introduction: The decolonisation of Asia was the gradual growth of independence movements in Asia, leading ultimately to the retreat of foreign powers and the creation of a number of nation-states in the region. A number of events were catalysts for this shift, most importantly the Second World War.

The freedom struggle of some of the countries like Sri Lanka, Maldives is mentioned in the textbook. The countries of Asia and Africa which got independence from British rule are as follows:
1. British colonies in Asia
Hong Kong:

• Hong Kong is a coastal city and major port in southern China.
• It was returned to the United Kingdom following its war. It was controlled directly by a British governor until the expiry of the 99-year lease of the New Territories which occurred in 1997. From that date, the territories were called as a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.

2. Singapore:

• Singapore officially known as the Republic of Singapore is a sovereign island city-state in maritime Southeast Asia.
• In 1819, Sir Thomas Raffles negotiated a treaty whereby King Johor allowed the British to locate a trading port on the island, leading to the establishment of the British crown colony of Singapore.
• After the end of World War II British granted self-government culminating in Singapore’s merger with Malaysia.
• On 9th August 1965, Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent and sovereign state.

3. India:

• India is situated in South East Asia surrounded by the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Indian Ocean on the south.
• India got independence from British rule on 15th August 1947. Indian National Movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi played an important role in the freedom of the country.

4. Pakistan:

• Pakistan is in Asia, the neighbouring country of India.
• As the United Kingdom agreed to the partitioning of India in 1947, the modern state of Pakistan was established on 14th August 1947.

5. Cyprus:

• Cyprus is an island in the Eastern Basin of the Mediterranean Sea in Western Asia.
• In 1914 it was annexed by U.K Between 1945 and 1959 EOKA was created that fought a campaign for the end of British rule in Cyprus.
• An independent ‘The Republic of Cyprus’ was created in 1960.

6. British colonies in Africa:

• On 31st May 1910, Britain gave South Africa nominal independence.
• This union was a dominion that included the former colonies of the Cape and Natal.
• This union only became fully sovereign in 1931 when all powers Britain had over the country were abolished.

7. Egypt:

• Egypt has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea, the River Nile, and the Red Sea.
• The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 was a countrywide revolution against the British occupation of Egypt.
• The revolution led to Great Britain’s later recognition of Egyptian independence in 1922.

8. Nigeria:

• Lagos was invaded by British forces in 1851 and annexed in 1865.
• It became a British protectorate in 1901 while her colonization lasted until 1960 when an independence movement succeeded in gaining independence and Nigeria became an independent republic in 1979.

9. Ghana:
Got independence on 6 March 1957.

10. Kenya:
Became independent on 12 December 1963.

Project (Textbook Page No. 76)

Collect information with the help of the internet regarding French colonies in Asia and Africa.
Answer:
In the 19th century starting with the conquest of Algiers in 1830 France began to establish a new empire in Africa and Southeast Asia. The following is a list of all countries that were part of the French colonial empires in the last 500 years.

1. French Indochinese Union (1887 – 1954)
2. Laos (protectorate) (1893 – 1953)
3. Cambodia (protectorate) (1863 – 1953)
4. Vietnam
5. India and Sri Lanka: French establishment of India composed of Puducherry (1765 – 1954), Karikal (1725 – 1954), Chandranagar (1673 – 1952), Yanam (1673 – 1952)
6. Taiwan (1884 – 1885)
7. Basilan (1845)
8. Lebanon (1920 – 1946)
9. Syria (1920 – 1946)
10. China: The territory of Kouang-Tcheou-Wan (1898 – 1945), The province of Yunan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Shamian island (1859 – 1949)

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 8 World Wars and India Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 8 World Wars and India

1A. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement.

Question 1.
When Austria declared war against Serbia, it was _________, who helped Serbia.
(a) Germany
(b) America
(c) Hungary
(d) Russia
Answer:
(d) Russia

Question 2.
The first atom bomb was dropped on the city of _________ during the aerial attack of America on Japan.
(a) Nagasaki
(b) Hiroshima
(c) Pearl Harbour
(d) Stalingrad
Answer:
(b) Hiroshima

1B. Find the incorrect pair from group ‘B’ and write the corrected one.

Question 1.

Answer:
Italy – Benito Mussolini

2. Write the names of historical places/persons/events.

Question 1.
The name of the group of nations including England, France, Russia, Italy, and America in the First World War –
Answer:
Allied Nations

Question 2.
The name of the group of nations including Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria in the First World War –
Answer:
Central Powers

3. Write short notes.

Question 1.
‘League of Nations.
Answer:

1. A peace-loving American president Woodrow Wilson took a lead in the formation of the League of Nations.
2. All the nations involved in the war felt the need to create some solution to avoid any situation that could lead to war.
3. The main objectives of the League of Nations were –
   • finding peaceful solutions for conflicts between nations.
   • establishing peace in the world.
4. Austria, Germany, and other defeated nations were not allowed to become members of the league.
5. America was not a member of the league so England and France retained their dominance in the league.

Question 2.
Dr. Kotnis.
Answer:

• Dr. Dwarkanath Kotnis was born on 10th October 1910 at Solapur.
• When Japan had attacked China in 1937, the Chinese Government requested Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru to send a team of doctors to attend to the injured Chinese soldiers.
• Dr. Kotnis was the chief of the team of Indian doctors sent to China.
• He attended the Chinese soldiers for years but unfortunately died in China on 9th December 1942 in the plague epidemic.
• Dr. Kotnis by the virtue of his selfless work formed the bridge of friendship between India and China.
• The eminent Indian filmmaker, V. Shantaram made a film on his life, entitled ‘Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani’ which immortalized Dr. Kotnis’ memory.

4. Explain the following statements with reasons.

Question 1.
‘The Treaty of Versailles’ had the seeds of the Second World War. The Text does not have any comment to this effect.
Answer:

• The Treaty of Versailles was signed between the Allied nations and Germany at Versailles palace in 1919. It was drafted by American President Woodrow Wilson.
• The Treaty of Versailles was very harsh on Germany because Germany had lost the war.
• Germany was forced to accept the responsibility for the war damages suffered by the Allies.
• The victorious powers had deprived Germany of huge tracts of its territory. Germany was burdened with an immense war indemnity.
• The peace settlement at Paris was made in a spirit of revenge. The Germans felt that too much injustice had been done to them.
• The German economy was ruined completely. People were starving and the government was in chaos.
• It was impossible for a proud German race to forget the consequences of the war, which they had lost so humiliatingly.
• This fuelled the rise of Nazism in Germany which adopted the policy of aggression.
• In this way, the Treaty of Versailles sowed the seeds of the Second World War.

Question 2.
The British Government in India decided to return home.
Answer:

• The Second World War ended in the month of August 1945 with the surrender of Japan.
• In this war, England emerged victoriously but it lost heavily in terms of human life and economic conditions.
• As a result of this England grew weaker. The British Government in India is now aware that Indian soldiers and people are not as meek and submissive as before, ruling them was no easier.
• India was not going to be the perennial source of profit for them as it used to be. There was a lot of pressure on England to give freedom to its colonies. Freedom struggles began in India which demanded ‘Poorna Swarajya’ which means total independence. Hence, the British Government in India decided to return home.

5. Answer the following questions in detail.

Question 1.
Give the causes of the Second World War.
(i) Dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles
(ii) Rise of Hitler
(iii) Rise of Communism
(iv) Hitler’s attack on Poland
(v) Hitler’s violation of the Non-aggression Pact
Answer:
The Second World War was fought between 1939 to 1945. Following were the causes of the Second World War:
(i) Dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles: The Treaty of Versailles was very harsh on Germany. It was made in a spirit of revenge. Germany was burdened with huge war indemnity. The German economy was ruined completely. This fuelled the rise of Nazism in Germany.

(ii) Rise of Hitler: The Nazis under the leadership of Hitler grabbed power in Germany. Hitler began to escalate Germany’s military power so as to avenge the demeaning conditions imposed on Germany by the treaty of Versailles. He focussed on increasing the strength of the military as well as the navy.

(iii) Rise of Communism: Meanwhile, Soviet Russia, a communist nation was becoming more powerful. It made nations like England, France, America uneasy. Soviet Russia and imperialistic Germany viewed each other as arch enemies. England and France ignored the advances of Germany thinking that it will keep a check on the rising power of Soviet Russia.

(iv) Hitler’s attack on Poland: In 1938, Hitler won the Sudeten province in Czechoslovakia, which was populated in majority by people of German origin. In 1939, he attacked Poland which was looked upon as a neutral country by all European nations. In spite of this, Hitler attacked Poland. Therefore, England declared war against Germany.

(v) Hitler’s violation of the Non-aggression pact: Denmark, Norway surrendered to Germany. Germany conquered Holland, Belgium, and France. In 1939, Hitler violated the ‘Non-aggression Pact’ made with Stalin and attacked Soviet Russia so Stalin declared war against Germany.

Question 2.
Why did Indian people participate in the national movement in great numbers?
Answer:

• India was a colony of the British during wartime. England started exploiting their colonies to meet the needs of war.
• During wartime, England felt an increasing need for manpower and money. Therefore, the British Government began recruiting army personnel from India.
• At times the recruitment was enforced on Indians.
• Extra taxes were levied on Indians for raising funds. Taxes on trade and industries were raised.
• During the war period prices of essential commodities went up. Indians suffered from the problems of inflation, hike in prices, increasing unemployment caused by the industrial recession.
• Indians could see that the exploitative rule of the British was responsible for this miserable state of affairs.
• Hence, Indians from all strata of society, workers, farmers, and the middle class joined in large numbers in the national movements against British rule.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 English Solutions Chapter 13 The Adventures of Gulliver Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 English Solutions Chapter 13 The Adventures of Gulliver

English Balbharati Std 5 Digest Chapter 13 The Adventures of Gulliver Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following questions in short.

Question 1.
How was Gulliver tied down on the seashore?
Answer:
Gulliver’s arms and feet were held the ground with strings. His long hair too was held in the same way. Thousands of strings had been passed across his body in such a way that he was unable to move any part of his body.

Question 2.
What did the important-looking man tell Gulliver?
Answer:
The important-looking man through his gestures informed Gulliver that they would not harm him if he did as they told him.

Question 3.
How was Gulliver taken to the city?
Answer:
Gulliver was taken to the city in a great cart made by joining many carts. Nine hundred men worked for three hours to put Gulliver on to the cart which was drawn by fifteen hundred of the king’s finest horses. The journey took almost a full day.

Question 4.
Describe Gulliver’s home in Lilliput.
Answer:
Gulliver’s home in Lilliput was a church which remained unused for many years. It was the largest building in the whole country. The great door on the north was four feet high and two feet wide and so he could go into it by going down on his hand.

Question 5.
Describe Gulliver’s walk around the city.
Answer:
When Gulliver expressed his desire to see the city, the king willingly agreed. Orders were given to all the people to stay indoors. Gulliver then stepped along the two largest streets. Curious onlookers at the window and those standing on the tops of the houses looked out at him.

Gulliver also saw the king’s house which was at the place where two great streets met. There was a beautiful garden on all sides of it. Lying down in the garden when he looked at the window, he saw so many beautiful rooms. In one room, he saw the queen and some of the young princes who were greatly pleased by his visit.

2. Activities

Question 1.
Tell any one of the stories orally imagining you are Gulliver.

Question 2.
Write any one of these stories, not as told by Gulliver, but by some other person.
Answer:
No sooner was Gulliver set free, than he asked if he could see the city. After all he wanted to explore this place which was so different from the others which he had been to. The king who was convinced that Gulliver was harmless was pleased to grant Gulliver the permission.

Authorities immediately gave out orders instructing Lilliputians to stay inside lest they get trampled under the gigantic Gullivers feet. Even as curious onlookers kept looking at him in wonder, Gulliver continued exploring the place.

Eventually, he reached the place where the king’s beautiful house was located. He was amazed by its beauty. The king’s house was surrounded by a garden and had beautiful rooms. He also saw the queen and some of the young princes who were greatly pleased by Gulliver visit.

Question 3.
Imagine that you are in a land of tiny people like Lilliput. Write about some of the interesting things you might see there, including animals, houses, plants, vehicles, etc. Find an interesting name for this land.
Answer:
Yes, I have reached this unique land filled with tiny people with a big heart. Everything here is so tiny, so small. Animals of different shapes and sizes. Small and tiny. Hey wait! The cow is a little bigger than the dog while the cat will have to grow some more to reach the size of a dog! Houses are big but only big enough to accommodate its tiny residents who are not even one foot high? Vehicles too are as small as its owners. Plants blossom all the year round. Tiny plants with tiny fragrant flowers add to the beauty of this beautiful miniature land.

Question 4.
If you were to grow very tiny like a Lilliputian, what are the things you would like to do ? Write about any three of these things.
Answer:

1. I will run and climb the anthills and enjoy the view from the top
2. On my smallest bike, I will ride to distant places.
3. I will entertain people with my tricks at the circus and earn a living.

3. Language Study (See pages 84-88.)

Question 1.
Read the highlighted words. They are adverbs

• I was pulling hard
• They ran away.
• Later, I was taken to the city.
• I went very carefully
• They were greatly pleased.

Answer:
Definition: An adverb is a word or a group of words that describe or modifies the meaning of verbs, adjectives or another adverbs.

Question 2.
Find suitable adverbs for each of the following verbs. (At least 3 each.)

1. walk
2. speak
3. push
4. study
5. sing
6. work

Answer:

1. Walk – quickly, rapidly, slowly
2. Speak – fluently, beautifully, politely
3. Push-carefully, correctly, quickly
4. Study – well, hard, regularly
5. Sing – sweetly, melodiously, cheerfully
6. Work – fast, diligently, patiently

Note: All the adverbs given above are adverbs of manner.

Question 3.
Find the opposites of the following adverbs.

1. hard
2. quickly
3. fast
4. tidily
5. unknowingly
6. early
7. often
8. never
9. honestly
10. shamefully

Answer:

1. easy
2. slowly
3. slow
4. untidily
5. knowingly
6. shamelessly
7. late
8. seldom / rarely
9. always
10. dishonestly

English Balbharati Std 5 Answers Chapter 13 The Adventures of Gulliver Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following:

Question 1.
What was Gulliver’s reply to what the important-looking man told him?
Answer:
Gulliver replied with gestures that he would remain quiet and also added that he was hungry.

Question 2.
When was Gulliver allowed to move around?
Answer:
Gulliver started living in the house provided to him. After some days, the king and his people were convinced that Gulliver would not harm them. So after he agreed to keep certain ‘orders’ of the house he was allowed to move around

Match the meanings:

Question 1.

Answer:

Activity :

Question 1.
Spot the words in the grid using the clues given.

1. a person in a story
2. several pieces of bread
3. developed a firm belief

Answer:

1. character
2. loaves
3. convinced

Give one word for.

Question 1.

1. A journey made by sea
2. To be left ashore on a lonely place
3. Wheeled vehicle for carrying load
4. Strong wind accompanied by rain

Answer:

1. Voyage
2. marooned
3. Cart
4. Storm

Question 2.
Pick out the adverbs in the sentences given below:

1. Come here.
2. Tomorrow, I will inform you.
3. We often visit the orphanage.
4. Always obey traffic rules.
5. You have probably made a decision.

Answer:

1. here
2. tomorrow
3. often
4. always
5. probably

Do as directed.

Question 1.
Gulliver’s Travels is an interesting book written by a well-known English writer. (State their kinds of the adjectives underlined)
Answer:
1. interesting – Adjective of quality
2. well-known – Adjective of quality

Question 2.
Then I found that my arms and feet were held down to the ground with strings. (Pick out the nouns)
Answer:
arms, feet, ground, strings.

Question 3.
The city was just half a mile away but the journey took almost a full day.
(Underline the articles)
Answer:
The city was just half a mile away but the journey took almost a full day.

Question 4.
Then I heard a noise.(Pick out the verb and state its tense)
Answer:
heard – Simple past tense.

Question 5.
I was allowed to move around. (State the part of speech of the underlined word)
Answer:
around – Adverb

Question 6.
The country outside looked like a garden.
(Form a wh – question to get the underlined part as the answer)
Answer:
What looked like a garden?

Question 7.
Complete the table:
Answer:

Reading skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Read the following passage and answer the questions:

Question 1.
Complete the following:
1. ……………….. to climb up on Gulliver.
2. The country outside ………..
Answer:
1. It was not safe for the King.
2. looked like a garden. Gulli

Question 2.
The passage deals with the following experience of Gulliver:
(a) When he eats a giant meal
(b) When he gets a new home
(c) When he visits the city and the queen.
Answer:
(b) When he gets a new home

Question 3.
Who came out to meet Gulliver?
Answer:
The king came out to meet Gulliver.

Question 4.
What was made ready for Gulliver to be used as his house?
Answer:
An old church which had not been used as a church for many years was made ready for Gulliver to be used as his house.

Question 5.
What was done to ensure that Gulliver did not get away?
Answer:
To ensure that Gulliver did not get away, one of his feet was set in a great ring on the end of many strong strings.

Question 6.
Give the antonyms of :
(a) safe
(b) convinced
Answer:
(a) unsafe
(b) unconvinced

Question 7.
Make sentences :
Answer:
i. to get away: The thief tried to get away but the police chased and caught him.
ii. to move around: After reaching the hill station, I decided to move around and explore the place.

Question 8.
Do you think this is a real story or an imaginary one? Justify your answer.
Answer:
I think this is an imaginary story as half-foot-high men do not exist. There are several instances in the lesson, which tell us that it is fictional though it may seem real and true to life.

The Adventures of Gulliver Summary in English

Summary :

‘The Adventures of Gulliver’ written by Jonathan Swift is an extract from the book ‘Gulliver’s Travels’, an imaginary account of the voyages of Gulliver who worked as a surgeon on ships.

This extract describes the experiences of Gulliver at places like Lilliput and Brobdingnag. After sleeping for nine hours, when Gulliver woke up, he found himself ashore on a lonely place. He was in the land of the Lilliputians who were barely 6 inches tall.

They were afraid of his giant size, and had tied him down to the ground with thousands of strings. Gulliver made several attempts to free himself. Trying to understand his helpless situation, he is served a giant meal. Later he is taken on a special cart to a new home where he visits the city and the queen. Read The Adventures of Gulliver in the land of Lilliput’.

Meanings :

1. voyages (n) – A long journey by sea
2. character (n) – a person in a story
3. imaginary (adj) – not real
4. surgeon (n) – a doctor who performs operations
5. storm (n) – strong wind accompanied by rain.
6. marooned (v) – to be left alone ashore
7. strange (adj) – odd
8. exhausted (v) – tired
9. strings (n) – cords
10. loaves (n) – several pieces of bread.
11. gestures (n) – express with hands and arms.
12. bravery (n) – the ability to face danger
13. cart (n) – wheeled vehicle for carrying load
14. convinced (v) – developed a firm belief.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 10 Cold War Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 10 Cold War

1. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement.

Question 1.
The headquarters of SEATO were located at ___________
(a) Thailand
(b) the Philippines
(c) Pakistan
(d) the United Kingdom
Answer:
(a) Thailand

Question 2.
A fund named ‘Africa Fund’ was raised at ___________ for providing necessary aid to neighbouring nations of South Africa.
(a) Jakarta
(b) Harare
(c) Namibia
(d) Indonesia
Answer:
(b) Harare

2A. Write the names of historical places/persons/events.

Question 1.
On 30th June 1977, this organisation ceased to exist –
Answer:
SEATO

Question 2.
The idea of Commonwealth games was introduced by –
Answer:
Reverend Astley Cooper

2B. Choose the correct reason from those given below and complete the sentence.

Question 1.
No country was included in the ANZUS treaty except Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America ___________
(a) they did not want to let the United Kingdom and France have an upper hand
(b) it was a military pact
(c) it was a secret pact
(d) it was a pact only among countries with friendly relations
Answer:
(a) they did not want to lot the United Kingdom and France to have an upper hand

3. Complete the concept map.

Question 1.

Answer:

4. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Cold War.
Answer:

• Definition: The tussle between Capitalist nations and Communist nations for power and ideological influence, which began after the Second World War is referred to as the ‘Cold War.
• Walter Lippmann, an American political columnist was the first to use the term ‘Cold War’.
• ‘Cold War’ is characterized by the following factors –
  • No Direct War.
  • The intense race for armament.
  • Aggressive Political Policies.
  • Mutual lack of Faith among Nations.
  • Political and Economic Pressurisation.
  • Ideological Conflict.
• The aftermath of the Second World War created conditions leading to the Cold War.
• England and France lost their primary positions in world politics.
• During the world war, Russia gained prominence in Eastern Europe while America, England, and France gained prominence in Western Europe.
• The Eastern European nations under the influence of Soviet Russia adopted communist ideology while the Western European nations under the influence of America adopted capitalist ideology and democratic system. This situation caused the emergence of the ‘Cold War.

Question 2.
Non- Alignment Movement.
Answer:

• After the Second World War, India decided not to join either Russia or America. India adopted the policy of development by its own efforts and shape its own strategies leading towards peace. This policy is known as the ‘NAM-Non Alignment Policy’.
• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. Sukarno (Indonesia), Nkrumah (Ghana), Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt), and Marshal Tito (Yugoslavia) were the architects of the concept ‘NAM’.
• The nations, which adopt an independent foreign policy based on the concept of peaceful co-existence, support other nations in their independence struggle, and do not involve themselves in the military agreements or bilateral treaties with the superpowers is known as ‘Non-Aligned Nations’.
• Non-Alignment is a concept concerned more with progress and peace than war and poverty, so it is positive.

5. Explain the following statements with reasons.

Question 1.
CENTO became non-operational.
Answer:

• CENTO stands for Central Treaty Organisation.
• CENTO earlier known as the ‘Baghdad Pact’ or Middle East Treaty Organisation (METO) is a treaty among four nations namely, Turkey, Pakistan, Iran, and England.
• This treaty was signed on 24th February 1955. Iraq joined later.
• America started providing the member nations of CENTO economic and military aid.
• America feared that if Soviet Russia attacked any of the member nations, then all member nations should fight it collectively.
• But in reality, none of the member nations had the military capacity to fight.
• Except for the United Kingdom, the rest of the three were in need of military and technological aid but America was too involved to pay attention to their need.
• Hence, the other members of CENTO were not satisfied. They wanted to withdraw from the treaty and act independently.
• Iran and Pakistan withdrew from the treaty and hence CENTO became non-operational.

Question 2.
SAARC has achieved success in some fields.
Answer:

• SAARC has achieved success in some fields for e.g. a centre for the dissemination of agro-related information was started in Bangladesh and it has also been used as a platform for research related to seeds, animal husbandry, and fisheries.
• A SAARC center for meteorological research was established in Dhaka.
• In Kathmandu, an orthopedic center was established.
• Efforts are being made to promote tourism in SAARC countries.
• SAARC is also working to eliminate poverty in South Asia with the help of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP).
• An inter-Governmental group was established to formulate an agreement (SAFTA- South Asia Free Trade Area) for promoting free trade and economic cooperation among SAARC nations.
• The SAARC Documentation Centre was established in Delhi for the dissemination of information.
• SAARC Human Resources Development Centre was established in Islamabad (Pakistan).
• Agreements were signed to counter the smuggling of narcotic drugs. Committees were appointed for development in the fields of postal services and transportation.

6. State your opinion.

Question 1.
The Cold War began between America and Soviet Russia.
Answer:

• The tussle between the Capitalist nations and Communist nations for power and ideological influence which began after the second world war is referred to as the ‘Cold War.
• During the world war, Russia gained prominence in Eastern Europe while America, France, and England gained prominence in Western Europe.
• The Eastern European nations under the influence of Soviet Russia adopted Communist ideology.
• The Western European nations under the influence of America adopted a Capitalist ideology and democratic system.
• This situation caused the emergence of the ‘Cold War’ between Soviet Russia and America.

Question 2.
India has always opposed colonialism.
Answer:

• India is acknowledged as a great democracy in the world.
• After independence, India adopted the policy of active non-alignment in international politics.
• India would always strive to establish global peace.
• India would not tolerate foreign intervention in her internal matters. India shall respect the regional unity and sovereignty of other countries.
• India emphasizes the principle of ‘live and let live’ supported by peaceful co-existence.
• For e.g. in the post-independence period in 1949, a conference was held in Delhi in which support was declared to the issue of Indonesia’s independence. It was demanded that the Dutch should leave Indonesia before 1950 and grant its independence.
• The position India took in the case of Africa, is also very important. India took a strong initiative in demanding independence of African countries especially the protectorates of European nations.
• India insisted that the foreign rulers (colonialist European countries) should leave the colonies.
• India cared about Africa because of its long-standing relations with African countries.
• Mahatma Gandhi showed Africa the path to satyagraha for independence.
• Thus, India had been at the forefront of the struggle against colonialism.

Class 12 History Chapter 10 Cold War Intext Questions and Answers

Try to do this (Textbook Page No. 77)

Collect information about the ‘United Nations’ with the help of the internet. Create groups of students in the class and let them compile the information of various specialized agencies of the United Nations.
Answer:
The United Nations was established after World War II with the aim of preventing any war in the future and establishing peace in the world. UN is the largest and most powerful intergovernmental organisation in the world. It was established on 24th October 1945. Currently, 193 countries in the world are members of the UN. The headquarter of the UN is located in New York, USA. Since its establishment UN has been working for maintaining world peace and avoiding conflict among nations, it also works for remoting sustainable development, protection and preservation of the environment, and protecting human rights.

The important agencies of the UN are as follows:
(i) International Labour Organisation (ILO):
Established in – 1919 to improve the conditions and living standards of workers.
Headquarters – Geneva.

(ii) International Monetary Fund (IMF):
Established in – 1945 to promote international monetary cooperation.

(iii) Food and Agricultural Organisation:
Established in – 1945

(iv) United National Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Established in – 1945.

(v) World Health Organisation:
Established in – 1948

(vi) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA):
Established in – 1957

(vii) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
Established in – 1965

(viii) World Trade Organisation (WTO):
Established in – 1995

(ix) UN Women:
Established in – 2010

(x) United Nation Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC):
Established in – 1997

(xi) United Nation Environmental Programme (UNEP):
Established in – 1972

(xii) International Development Association (IDA):
Established in – 1960

(xiii) United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF):
Established in – 1946

(xiv) International Telecommunication Union (ITU):
Established in – 1865

Try to do this (Textbook Page No. 83)

Review the proceedings of NAM conferences held during the period from 1992 to the Venezuela conference of 2016.
Answer:
NAM was established in 1961 in Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia through an initiative of the Indian Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an organization of Redeveloping nations that are not formally aligned, with any major power flex. Here is the list of NAM summits:

• 10th NAM Summit: 1-6 September 1992 – Jakarta, Indonesia.
• 11th NAM Summit: 18-20 October 1995 – Cartagena, Colombia.
• 12th NAM Summit: 2-3 September 1998, Durban, South Africa.
• 13th NAM Summit: 20-25 Feb 2003, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
• 14th NAM Summit: 15-16 September 2006, Havana, Cuba.
• 15th NAM Summit: 11-16 July 2009, Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt.
• 16th NAM Summit: 26-31 August 2012, Tehran, Iran.
• 17th NAM Summit: 13-18 September 2016, Porlamar, Venezuela.

Try to do this (Textbook Page No. 85)

Collect information about SAARC conferences till 2014, with the help of the internet.
Answer:
SAARC also known as The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation is the regional intergovernmental organisation in South Asia. Total 8 countries are members of SAARC.

1. Nepal
2. Bhutan
3. India
4. the Maldives
5. Sri Lanka
6. Pakistan
7. Bangladesh
8. Afghanistan.

• The First Summit was held in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 7-8 December 1985, signed the SAARC charter on 8 December 1985 thereby establishing the regional association and study groups on the problems of terrorism, drug trafficking, etc.
• Second Summit India: Date – 17-18 November 1986 in Bangalore.
  Appointment of Ambassador Abdul Ahsan of Bangladesh as the first Secretary-General of South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation.
• 3rd Summit: 2-4 November 1987 in Kathmandu, Nepal.
• 4th Summit: 29-31 December 1988 in Islamabad, Pakistan.
• 5th Summit: 21-23 November 1990 in Male, Maldives.
• 6th Summit: 21 December 1991 in Colombo, Sri Lanka
• 7th Summit: 10-11 April 1992, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• 8th Summit: 2-4 May 1995, New Delhi, India
• 9th Summit: 12-14 May 1997, Male, Maldives.
• 10th Summit: 29-31 July 1998, Colombo, Sri Lanka
• 11th Summit: 4-6 January 2002, Kathmandu, Nepal.
• 12th Summit: 4-6 January 2004, Islamabad, Pakistan.
• 13th Summit: 12-13 November 2005, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• 14th Summit: 3-4 April 2007, New Delhi, India
• 15th Summit: 1-3 August 2008, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
• 16th Summit: 28-29 April 2010, Thimphu, Bhutan
• 17th Summit: 10-11 November 2011, Addu City, Maldives.
• 18th Summit: 26-27 November 2014, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Project (Textbook Page No. 87)

Collect information about the ‘Commonwealth Games’ with the help of the internet.
Answer:
The Commonwealth Games is an international multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930, and, with the exception of 1942 and 1946, has taken place every four years since then. The Commonwealth Games were known as the British Empire Games from 1930 to 1950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 1954 to 1966, and British Commonwealth Games from 1970 to 1974. Athletes with a disability are also included as full members of their national teams, making the Commonwealth Games the first fully inclusive international multi-sport event. It is also the world’s first multi-sport event that inducts an equal number of women’s and men’s medal events and was implemented recently in the 2018 Commonwealth Games. With such unique features, the World Economic Forum called the event inspiring and significant.

Their creation was inspired by the Inter-Empire Championships, as a part of the Festival of Empire, which was held in London, England in 1911. Melville Marks Robinson founded the games as the British Empire Games which were first hosted in Hamilton, Canada in 1930. During the 20th and 21st centuries, the evolution of the movement of the game has resulted in several changes to the Commonwealth Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Commonwealth Winter Games for snow and ice sports for the commonwealth athletes, the Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for commonwealth athletes with a disability, and the Commonwealth Youth Games for commonwealth athletes aged 14 to 18. The first edition of the winter games and paraplegic games were held in 1958 and 1962 respectively, with their last edition held in 1966 and 1974 respectively and the first youth games were held in 2000. The 1942 and 1946 Commonwealth Games were canceled because of the Second World War.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

Question 1.
Have you ever participated in or visited a science exhibition?
Answer:
Yes, last year I along with my friends participated in ward level science exhibition and selected for district level exhibition.

Question 2.
Did you observe/learn any new things there ? What are those ?
Answer:
Yes, we observed and learnt a lot there.

1. Everyone was busy in his/her experiment.
2. Everyone was trying to prove something. We learnt that if we work consistently we can achieve anything in our life.
3. The pairs or groups of students were working hard together to make the exhibit successful.

Question 3.
“Scientists have to work very hard and make many sacrifices for years to achieve success in their experiments”. Why?
Answer:
Hard work is the key to success. While working on any project they forget everything around them and concentrate on the experiment while doing so they sacrifice their health, hunger, family, likes, hobbies and then only they are able to carry out the undertaken experiment and get the results of it.

Question 4.
What is the difference between a discovery and an invention?
Answer:
Discovery is the process of finding information, a place or an object, especially for the first time. It is an act of finding something which is in existence but not known before. Invention is something that has never been made or processed before. It is something newly designed or created.

1. Discuss in pairs/groups about the precautions one has to take while working in a science laboratory. Write them in the form of Dos and Dont’s:

Question 1.
Discuss in pairs/groups about the precautions one has to take while working in a science laboratory. Write them in the form of Dos and Dont’s:

Answer:

2. Study the underlined Predicate in each of the sentences below and note the difference:

Question 1.
Study the underlined Predicate in each of the sentences below and note the difference:
Answer:
1. I met Debbie, [(verb (met) + noun (Debbie)]
We study Grammar, [verb (study) + noun (Grammar)]
(The object answers WHAT? or WHO? when asked to the verb.)

2. He become tired, [(verb (become) + complement (tired)]
They are hungry, [(verb (are) + complement (hungry)]
The verbs (became/are) incomplete without the words that follow (tired/hungry.) So ‘tired’ and ‘hungry’ are Complements of the verbs ‘became’ and ‘are’.)

3. She spoke softly.
They live here.
He turned early.
(The verbs in the Predicates are followed by Adverbials since they indicate
How?/Where/When the action in the verb takes place.)
Now Say whether the Predicate in the following sentence contain Object or Complement or Adverbial after the verb:
Answer:
(a) He looked upwards. Complement
(b) My brother is injured. Complement
(c) We scored a goal. Object
(d) We beat the opponents. Object
(e) She answered perfectly. Adverbial
(f) The guests arrived early. Adverbial
(g) I shall be happy. Complement
(h) You wrote the address. Object

English Workshop:

1. Write one sentence each, why the following years were landmarks in the lives of Pierre and Marie Curie:

Question 1.
Write one sentence each, why the following years were landmarks in the lives of Pierre and Marie Curie: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. 1895 – Marie and Pierre got married.
2. 1902 – Radium was discovered.
3. 1903 – The Curies along with Henry Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of Radium and Polonium.
4. 1906 – Pierre was knocked down and killed by a horse-drawn wagon.
5. 1911 – Marie was awarded the Nobel Prize for the second time for Chemistry.

2. Complete the web diagram with the qualities of Madame Curie:

Question 1.
Complete the web diagram with the qualities of Madame Curie:

Answer:

3. Name the following:

Question (a)
Two discoverers of New lands.
1. ……………………..
2. …………………….
Answer:
1. Columbus
2. Vasco da Gama

Question (b)
Two conquerers of the peak of Mt. Everest.
1. …………………..
2. ………………….
Answer:
1. Hillary
2. Tenzing

Question (c)
Original name of Madame Curie.
…………………………………………….
Answer:
Marja Sklowdaska

Question (d)
Her place of birth.
………………………………………………
Answer:
Warsaw, in Poland

Question (e)
Subjects Marie majored in, at the University of Paris.
………………………………………………
Answer:
Physics and Mathematics.

Question (f)
Nationality of her husband Pierre:
………………………………………………
Answer:
French.

Question (g)
Scientist who discovered the properties of uranium-
Answer:
Henri Becquerel

Question (h)
Two radioactive elements discovered by Curies-
Answer:
Polonium and Radium.

4. Read the text carefully and match the incidents occured in Madam Curie’s life given in table A with the years in table B.

5. Think and answer in your own words.

Question (a)
What common characteristics did Marie and Pierre share, as a student?
Answer:
When Marie went to Sorbonne the University of Paris she spent her days in poverty. Her friend Pierre was brilliant but a poor scientist. Due to lack of money they began to work in a shabby laboratory. Being students they were brilliant scholars but poverty was an obstacle in their way.

Question (b)
Which of the two scientists was greater than the other? Say why.
Answer:
I think Madame Curie was greater than Pierre Curie because she wanted to study in Paris but the poverty at home did not allow her to continue. But with her own efforts and confidence she could fulfil her childhood dream. Even in that condition she got married to a person who was poor. And even after his death, she did not deter and continued her work and was awarded the Nobel Prize. It shows that she was really a great human being and a scientist.

Question (c)
Why was the gift of a ton of pitchblende, a great stroke of luck to the Curies?
Answer:
Being very expensive the Curies couldn’t buy pitchblende on a large scale but when their admirer, the emperor of Austria gifted them the most precious gift of a ton of pitchblende they could do their experiment on a large scale and find out what they wanted to achieve. So it was a great stroke of luck to the Curies.

Question (d)
Besides the uses of Radium and Polonium mentioned in the text, in what other way do you think, it is used in the field of medicine?
Answer:
Radium is used to produce radon gas which in turn, is used to treat cancer. Radiation given off by radium is sometimes used also to study the composition of metals, plastics and other material.

The alpha rays emitted by Polonium can be used to eliminate static electricity. Polonium is also used in anti-static brushes to eliminate dust on photographic film.

Question (e)
What proves that Marie Curie was a true lover of humanity and not of wealth?
Answer:
Marie Curie could have patented her discovery and earned a lot of money. But she believed in working for Science and whatever she discovered belonged to the people and not to her so in real sense she thought about humanity not money. She was a true lover of humanity and not of wealth.

6. Find words/phrases from the text that are synonyms of the word ‘brave’:

Question 1.
Find words/phrases from the text that are synonyms of the word ‘brave’:
Answer:
courageous indomitable powerful

7. Read and understand the following words. Find out/search for proverbs/thoughts/quotes/ slogans that are related to each of them:

Question 1.
Read and understand the following words. Find out/search for proverbs/thoughts/quotes/ slogans that are related to each of them:
Answer:
(a) Courage: Courage is the complement of fear. One with courage to laugh is master of the world. Courage is a kingdom without a crown.
(b) Strength of character: Knowledge will give you power, but weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
(c) Determination: A dream doesn’t become reality through magic, it takes sweat, determination and hardwork. The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a man’s determination.
(d) Hard-work: Success is the result of perfection, hardwork, learning from failure, loyalty and persistence. There is simply no substitute for hardwork when it comes to achieving success.

8. Match the branches of Science with what fields they study:

Question 1.
Match the branches of Science with what fields they study:

Answer:
(a) Ecology – Study of living organisms and environment
(b) Geology – Study of solid earth and rocks
(c) Meteorology – Study of Atmosphere
(d) Anatomy – Study of structure and functions of the body
(e) Botany – Study of Plant-life
(f) Psychology – Study of human mind and emotions
(g) Cosmology – Study of the Universe

9. Imagine that your school needs some Scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory. Being the in-charge of Science Committee, write a letter to the Headmaster of your school suggesting him some Scientific equipment and apparatus required for Standard X Science practicals. Take help of the information given below to complete your letter.

Question 1.
Imagine that your school needs some Scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory. Being the in-charge of Science Committee, write a letter to the Headmaster of your school suggesting him some Scientific equipment and apparatus required for Standard X Science practicals. Take help of the information given below to complete your letter.

Answer:
Sanjay Sharma,
In-charge of Science Committee,
New English High School,
Akola-444 001.
1 January, 2020.

To,
The Headmaster,
New English High School,
Akola.
Subject: Requirement of scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory.

Respected sir,

With regard to learning Science content, processes and views of the nature of Science experiments play significant role in Science. As per the new syllabus, new subjects and some experiments are included in revised Science coursebooks. Experiments give immense pleasure of self-learning and observations.

The equipment and apparatus that we have been using in our Science laboratory are outdated and rarely of any use. If we bring some new, definitely it will arose interest in learning Science and doing some experiments on our own. Being in-charge of Science Committee, I request you on behalf of all students and teachers to bring following equipment and apparatus in our Science laboratory.

1. 2 compound microscope
2. 2 Hand lens
3. 6 Beakers
4. 3 Beakers Tongs
5. 3 Test Tube holder
6. Thermometer
7. Safety goggles-6
8. 6 funnels
9. 1 microwave oven
10. 2 pipette
11. Graduated Cylinder
12. Vernier Calliper
13. Meters
14. Compass
15. Stop clock

You are well aware that due to lack of equipment our Science teachers can’t conduct some experiments in the lab.

Hope you will understand our difficulty and buy the listed equipment and apparatus as early as possible so that the subject of Science can be well understood by doing various experiments in the laboratory.
Anticipating your valuable help in this respect.

Thanking you,

Yours obediently,
Sanjay Sharma
In-charge of Science Committee.

10. ‘There is no short-cut to success’. Expand this maxim with a suitable introduction, body, examples and conclusion. Write it in your notebook in about 20 lines.

Question 1.
‘There is no short-cut to success’. Expand this maxim with a suitable introduction, body, examples and conclusion. Write it in your notebook in about 20 lines.
Answer:
‘There is no Short-cut to Success.’
It is often said that success requires hardwork and great diligence as well as commitment. This makes success a long-term achievement. Everybody thinks that there are some easier ways to live life, no need to work hard for livelihood but the truth is that easier ways are always the toughest ways. Most of us forget that for reaching success, the road is not strewn with roses. Success is an achievement by constant diligence and most of us lack the essential quality, diligence. The magic of hardwork and perseverance cannot be underestimated.

Most of the time it happens that we start our efforts but soon lose heart half-way and give up our efforts and thus fail to reach the pinnacle of success. If we have the confidence in our efforts, there is nothing that can deter us from achieving. Sitting in front of Television and watching the shopping network channel, fascinating over the new-miracle making abs machine which promises you the six- pack abs only in 5 minutes of daily exercises, you think that product is heaven sent, so you grab your phone book the order and start dreaming about your perfect body. Two months later, that wonder abs machine is at the back of your master closet gathering dust. As you can see, you will have to do the work when reaching a goal and the success that comes with it.

You have to understand that you might have to make sacrifices during your journey and you need to put in the hours required in order to get where you want to reach. Those who sit pretty and just complain about the success of others are the ones who do not do much in life. Those who make continuous efforts for a long time in the right direction rarely lose in the struggle of life. So one important password for all of us to follow is that there is no short cut to success.

Project:

The life and work and inventions of Marie Curie are given in detail in the text. Go to your library or search on internet at least five famous scientists who have given great inventions to the world and write about them or prepare a chart showing the information about them.

Language Study:

1. Pick out the Prefixes and Suffixes from the following words and find the root word:

Question 1.
Pick out the Prefixes and Suffixes from the following words and find the root word:

Answer:

2. Say whether the Predicates in the sentences below contain Objects/Complements/Adverbials:

Question (A)
Say whether the Predicates in the sentences below contain Objects/Complements/Adverbials: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
(a) Madame Curie discovered radium. – Object
(b) Pierre was knocked down. – Complement
(c) Pitchblende was expensive. – Complement
(d) The couple took a flat. – Object
(e) They moved cautiously, success came finally. – Adverbial

Question (B)
Pick out the Conjunctions in the following sentences and say whether they are Subordinators or Coordinators.
Answer:
(a) There are women who show extreme courage. – who – subordinator
(b) Pitchblende was an extremely expensive substance, so they could not afford to buy. – so-subordinator
(c) After her daily household work, Marie settled down to studv. – After-subordinator
(d) Marie wanted to study in Paris but her father could not afford it. – but-coordinator
(e) History is full of chapters that tell of extraordinary people! – that-subordinator

Live English!

Question (a)
What is Blogging?
Answer:
The term blog is short for web log. It is an online public diary which lists each diary entry in reverse order so that new diary entries are placed on the top of the page, and older entries are placed below. Each entry is called a post.

Question (b)
Who Blogs?
Answer:
Anyone can create a blog, if they have a basic understanding of the way the software works. There are privately owned blogs on individual webpages, which require a little knowledge about creating webpages, but there are also blog creation services which allow you to quickly and easily set up your own blog. You can add posts as often as you like, and can say almost anything that you want. Blogs are created for a lot of different reasons, and by many different people.

Question (c)
What Are Blogs About?
Answer:
There are many topics that a blog may contain, depending on who is updating it and why. Many blogs provide news or comment in response to a particular subject, like local news, politics or even hobbies. Food blogs are popular for people who want to share recipes, and many political activists and writers have blogs which are used to respond to current political topics. Many blogs also function as personal online diaries.

Question (d)
Blog Classification
Answer:
A blog is usually textual, based on news and commentary, although there are other types of blogs which are gaining popularity. Artlogs are blogs which focus on art, Photoblogs focus on photography, Sketch- blogs focus on sketching, and so on. There are also a few specialised types of blogs, including Vblogging or video blogging, and Podcasting or audio blogging.

Question (e)
Creating a Blog on the Internet
Answer:
If you have a good understanding of webpage design and development, you may be able to create your own blog on a personal website. Otherwise, your best option is to choose a website that does the setting up for you, so that all you have to do is join, customise a little and begin to write. There are many blog websites like www.livejournal.com, www.wordpress.com, www.blogger.com or www.blogs.myspace.com which will allow you to quickly and easily create your own blog. They also give you the option to set controls so that you can choose to allow only friends or only yourself to read them.

Question (f)
Blog Popularity
Answer:
Blogs are becoming more and more popular for many reasons. This is because they offer a wealth of information on a lot of different topics. They also drive traffic to websites by attracting new visitors with interesting blog column commentary. Blogs are a great tool because they allow anyone to express themselves on the Internet. If you are looking for a way to express yourself online, or to share information regarding a favourite subject of yours, beginning your own blog may be the best option for you because everyone has an opinion on the Internet, and soon everyone will have their own personal weblog too.

Now with the help of your teacher create your own Blog on one of the following given topics.

1. Your experiences and recently celebrated birthday party.
2. Your expectations from the school.
3. Describe the surroundings of your residence.
4. Describe a cultural programme/campaign/project conducted at your school.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Write the importance of the years. (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. 1867-Marie Curie was born.
2. 1895-Marie and Pierre got married.

Question 2.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. Pitchblende is a black, very hard and cheap substance – False
2. Men could see many substances through the powerful rays of Uranium. – True
3. The emperor of Austria gifted a ton of pitchblende to the Curies – True
4. The Curies sacrificed all their luxuries of life to save money to buy pitchblende. – True

Name the following:

Question 1.
An admirer of the Curies.
Answer:
The emperor of Austria.

Question 2.
A black, very hard and expensive substance-
Answer:
Pitchblende.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
What qualities do great achievers possess?
Answer:
Great achievers possess qualities like commitment, courage, dedication and singleness of
purpose in their effort.

Question 2.
What information do you get about Marie’s early life?
Answer:
Marie was born in a poor family. Her childhood dream was to study Science in Paris but her father could not afford the expenses for this. So she worked as a governess and saved a little money and went to Sorbonne, the University of Paris to study science. Thus she worked hard in her childhood to fulfil her dream.

Question 3.
What are the signs of poverty suffered by the young couple? ( wt WT oTFlcft?)
Answer:
The young couple was very poor indeed. They started their journey from a shabby laboratory. They took a flat in Paris which contained hardly any furniture. Marie used to work and settle down to study in laboratory in a wooden shed near their flat. It had a leaky skylight and an earthen floor. All these things are the signs of poverty suffered by the young couple.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Madame Curie dedicated her life to the cause of Science and to the welfare of humanity.
2. The qualities that great achievers possess are extraordinary courage, determination and singleness of purpose.
3. Marie Curie could not study Science in Paris and fulfil her childhood dream because her father could not afford the expenses of her studies.
4. Marie and Pierre set up a laboratory in a wooden shed near their flat.

Question 5.
What proves Marie’s strong will power?
Answer:
When the couple could not buy pitchblende which was an expensive substance they sacrificed all the luxuries of life to save money. They lived in extreme poverty. They could not buy costly food and warm clothes for extremely cold Parisian winter. They could not sleep due to lack of warmth. Marie refused to take rest whenever her husband begged her to give up the struggle. All the above incidents prove that Marie had a strong will power to achieve the aim of her life.

Question 6.
Why were the two new substances named Polonium and Radium?
Answer:
When Pierre and Marie found two new substances in their new discovery, she called one Polonium in honour of her country Poland and being the most powerful of the radioactive elements another was called “Radium”.

Question 7.
Which gift did she receive from the emperor of Austria? Why was it the most precious for them?
Answer:
Pitchblende is a very expensive substance which Pierre and Marie could not afford to buy in large quantity for their experiments. The emperor of Austria was an admirer of the Curies. So he gifted them a ton of pitchblende so that the Curies could carry out their experiments easily.

Question 8.
How is radium used in the medical field?
Answer:
The benefits of radium in the world of medicine are incalculable. It has been used with great effect in treatment of cancer. The bacteria of such diseases as typhus, cholera and anthrax can also be killed by radium so it was a great gift in the medical field.

Question 9.
How did Pierre meet with an early death?
Answer:
In 1906 Pierre was knocked down and killed by a horse – drawn wagon and thus met with an early death leaving Marie disconsolate.

Question 10.
What makes Marie Curie an exceptional scientist?
Answer:
When Marie and Perrie discovered Radium and Polonium they could have patented their discovery and become rich but Marie refused to do so and gave it free to the world and the world of medicine. She also believed that Radium belongs to the people not to her. She worked selflessly without expecting money. Her humanity and selflessness make Marie Curie an exceptional scientist.

Question 11.
Describe how Curies first sighted Radium. What was its colour?
Answer:
After continuing their work for more than four years on a September night, the Curies after a day’s tiresome work, went to the laboratory to have another look at the hundreds of small bowls into which they had poured filtered pitchblende. While moving forward in the dark laboratory they found rays of soft, bluish purple light coming from the small glass-covered bowls. Thus they sighted the Radium for the first time. Its colour was bluish purple.

Activity-based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out the words from the passage which mean:

1. unbeatable
2. discouraging
3. hardly
4. illiteracy

Answer:

1. indomitable
2. disheartening
3. scarcely
4. ignorance

Question 2.
Find out antonyms for the following from the passage: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. economical × expensive
2. poverty × luxury
3. chill × warmth
4. worthless × precious

Question 3.
Write down the describing words used for the following nouns:

1. work
2. pitchblende
3. colour
4. desire.

Answer:

1. tiresome work
2. filtered pitchblende
3. beautiful colour
4. compulsive desire

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Her father could not afford the expenses of her education in Paris. (Make it affirmative.)
Answer:
Her father was unable to afford the expenses of her education in Paris.

Question 2.
Her life in the University was a disheartening experience in poverty and hunger. (Make it negative.)
Answer:
Her life in the University was not an encouraging/heartening experience in poverty and hunger.

Question 3.
Marie took a job as a governess and saved a little money. (Rewrite using ‘by’ + ing.)
Answer:
Marie saved a little money by taking a job as a governess.

Question 4.
Marie Curie’s childhood dream was to study science in Paris, but her father could not afford the j expense for this. (Rewrite using’Though’.)
Answer:
Though Marie Curie’s childhood dream was to study science in Paris, her father could not afford ; the expense for this.

Change the degree:

Question 1.
Pitchblende was the most precious gift the Curies had received.
Answer:
(a) Positive – No other gift the Curies had, received was as precious as pitchblende.
(b) Comparative – Pitchblende was more precious gift than any other gifts the Curies had received.

Question 2.
Pitchblende is one of the most expensive substances.
Answer:
(a) Positive – Very few substances are as expensive as pitchblende.
(b) Comparative – Pitchblende is more expensive substance than most other substances.

Change the voice:

Question 1.
In 1906, Pierre was knocked down by a horse – drawn wagon. (Begin the sentence with ‘A horse-drawn wagon’.)
Answer:
A horse-drawn wagon knocked down Pierre in 1906.

Question 2.
In 1911, Marie was awarded the Nobel Prize. (Begin the sentence with ‘They’)
Answer:
They awarded Marie the Nobel Prize in 1911.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Describe your favourite scientist.
Answer:
C.V. Raman who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 is my favourite scientist. He was the first Asian and first non-white to receive any Nobel Prize in Science. He was the first to investigate the harmonic nature of the sound of the Indian drums such as the tabla and the Mrudangam. He discovered that, when light traverses a transparent material, some of the deflected light changes in wavelength.

Question 2.
What qualities, do you think, are important to get success in our life?
Answer:
There are some key components of success without which we cannot succeed in our life. First our mindset-without a positive mindset the rest of these components won’t have as much power as they should. Staying focused on goal is also important. Besides it, dedication, discipline and determination are important factors to get success in our life.

Question 3.
Why are awards and prizes given to the people in different fields?
Answer:
An award or a prize is something given to a person, in recognition of his or her excellence in a certain field. It may also simply be a public acknowledgement of excellence. It boosts the j recipient’s confidence. It also encourages and inspires him/her to do better in his/her life. It also inspires other people in different fields to achieve something great.

Language Study:

1. Coordinators: Coordinators are words that join grammatically, equal units together. E.g., and, but, or, nor are the main Coordinators.

2. Subordinators: Words whose function is to establish an unequal grammatical relationship are called subordinators. that, for, who, whether, if, because, so. Dependent clauses Principal clause that, for, who, whether, if, because, so subordinate conjunctions (subordinators)

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:
Answer:

1. bre _ d – bread
2. b i _ t h – birth
3. la _ ge – large
4. p r i _ e – prize

Question 2.
Put these words in alphabetical order:
1. lifeless, hostile, endurance, progress
2. commitment, characterise, courage, costly
Answer:
1. endurance, hostile, lifeless, progress
2. characterise, commitment, costly, courage

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. do you remember the day when you told me that you wanted radium to have a beautiful colour marie said to her husband
2. she replied i am working for science radium belongs to the people not to me
Answer:
1. “Do you remember the day when you told me that you wanted radium to have a beautiful colour?” Marie said to her husband.
2. She replied, “I am working for science. Radium belongs to the people, not to me.”

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the given word: ‘ incalculable’
Answer:

1. ill
2. call
3. able
4. cube

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 6.
Complete the word-chain of verbs. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word!
eat → t……….., ……………, ………….., …………….
Answer:
eat → take , extend , develop , paddle.

1. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence of your own using the phrase: ‘to fight against ’
Answer:
Kailash Satyarthi has been fighting against child labour for the last several years.

OR

Question (b)
Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully:
The history is the subject ………………. .
Answer:
The history is the subject which gives the narration of episodes happened in the past.

2. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words :
1. ignore
2. dedicate
Answer:
1. ignorance
2. dedication

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words :
1. ignore
2. dedicate
Answer:
1. Don’t ignore your parent’s advice.
2. Dedicate your life for poor; the father told his son.

Live English:

Blogging:

1. Terms – (Blogging)
2. Blog – Web log which is an online public diary.
3. Purpose – Anybody can create blog for any reason.
4. About – Function as personal online diaries
5. Types – Artlogs – Focus on art
6. Photologs – Focus on photography
7. Sketch – Focus on sketching
   blogging – Video blogging
8. Podcasting – Audio blogging
9. Creating – You can create your own blog on a personal website or any other websites like www.livejournal.com, www.wordpress.com, www.blogger. corn, www.blogs.rny-space.com
10. Popularity – Blogs allow anyone to express themselves on the Internet and it becomes popular if people like it.

Steps of creating blogs:

Starting a blog is the best way to share your Ideas and expertise online.
Follow the given steps to create your blog.

• Choose your blogging platform. (word press)
• Choose a Domain name. (www.yourblog.com)
• Sign up with Web Host and install Word Press (www.bluehost.com is good hosting provider)
• Sign up with a web hosting.
• Choose the hosting plan.
• Choose the domain name you want.
• Complete your registration.
• Install wordpress with one-click installation.
• Log into your new blog.
• Customizing and choosing a blog theme.
• Adding Post and Pages.
• Get Traffic and monetize your blog.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Marathi Solutions Aksharbharati Chapter 10 कुलूप Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Marathi Aksharbharati Solutions Chapter 10 कुलूप

Marathi Aksharbharati Std 9 Digest Chapter 10 कुलूप Textbook Questions and Answers

1. आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.

प्रश्न (अ)
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.

उत्तरः

प्रश्न (आ)
कारणे शोधा.
1. काही कड्यांना आणि काही दारांना दोन दोन कुलुपे कारण
2. नानांनी शेजाऱ्यांकडे पसाभर धान्य मागितले नाही कारण
उत्तर:
1. कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळीच्या नजरेस पडावा या नानांच्या हव्यासामुळे.
2. नानांचा स्वभाव मानी होता.

प्रश्न (इ)
खालील चौकटीत दिलेल्या संकल्पनाचा अर्थ स्पष्ट करा.

उत्तर:

प्रश्न (ई)
आकृती पूर्ण करा.

उत्तर:

2. खालील शब्दांचे अर्थ शोधून लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
खालील शब्दांचे अर्थ शोधून लिहा.
उत्तर:

1. दुर्घट – अवघड
2. हव्यास – लोभ
3. कुचकामी – निरूपयोगी

3. पाठात आलेल्या विनोदी वाक्यांचा शोध घ्या व ती लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
पाठात आलेल्या विनोदी वाक्यांचा शोध घ्या व ती लिहा.
उत्तर:

1. दुध-दुभत्या कपाटापासून ते पैशाच्या तिजोरीपर्यंत प्रत्येक ठिकाणी कुलपे लावून नाकेबंदी करून टाकली आहे.
2. कुलूप लोहाराकडून काढवावे तर पोटच्या पोरापेक्षाही ममतेने वाढवलेल्या कुलपाची हाडे खिळखिळी होताना पाहणे हे बंडूनानांसारख्यांना जरा दुर्घटच होते.
3.  पण तो दिवस ही सगळ्यांनी तितक्याच धार्मिकपणे उपासात काढला.
4. नानांचे तर डोळे पांढरे होण्याची वेळ आली.

4. सहसंबंध शोधा.

प्रश्न 1.
सहसंबंध शोधा.
उत्तर:

1. अंधार : उजेड : : नि:संशय : संशय
2. सावध : बेसावध : : विश्वासू : अविश्वासू
3. ते : सर्वनाम : : व : उभयान्वयी अव्यय

5. स्वमतः

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या कुलूपांच्या शौकामुळे घडणाऱ्या चमत्कारिक प्रसंगाविषयी तुमचे मत लिहा.
उत्तरः
उतारा क्र.1 मधील कृती 4: स्वमतचे उत्तर पाहा.

प्रश्न 2.
बंडूनानांच्या तोंडाला आपोआप कुलूप बसण्याची तुम्हांला समजलेली कारणे स्वभाषेत सांगा.
उत्तरः
उतारा क्र. 4 मधील कृती 4: स्वमतचे उत्तर पाहा.

6. अभिव्यक्ती:

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या छंदाच्या वर्णनातून पाठात घडणारा विनोद तुमच्या शब्दांत सांगा.
उत्तरः
उतारा क्र. 3 मधील कृती 4: स्वमतचे उत्तर पाहा.

प्रश्न 2.
व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकासात छंदाचे महत्त्व लिहा.
उत्तर:
स्पर्धेच्या युगात व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकासाला अनन्यसाधारण महत्त्व प्राप्त झाले आहे. दैनंदिन व्यवहारांमध्ये स्वत:ला इतरांच्या तुलनेत सरस ठेवण्यासाठी स्वत:मध्ये व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकास घडवून आणणे जरुरीचे आहे. प्रत्येकाला वेगवेगळा छंद असतो. कोणी वेगवेगळ्या विषयावर माहिती गोळा करतो, कोणी पुरातन वस्तूंचा संग्रह करतो. असे अनेक छंद असतात. वाचन करणे हाही एक छंद आहे.

म्हणजेच वाचन करणारी व्यक्ती ज्ञानी समजली जाते. कारण वाचनाने दररोज त्याच्या ज्ञानात भर पडत असते. नवनवीन गोष्टी ती आत्मसात करत असते. यामुळे तुमचा समजूतदारपणा अधिक फुलतो. आणखी लोक तुमच्याशी जोडले जातात. तसेच, नवीन छंद जोपासायचा प्रयत्न केला पाहिजे. तुम्हांला चांगल्या गोष्टीचा छंद असेल तर तुमचे व्यक्तिमत्त्व अधिक प्रभावी व खुलून दिसेल; म्हणून व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकासात छंदाचे महत्त्व आहे.

Marathi Akshar Bharati Class 9 Textbook Solutions Chapter 10 कुलूप Additional Important Questions and Answers

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा:

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तर लिहा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 3.
जोड्या जुळवा.
उत्तर:

उत्तर:

प्रश्न 4.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. बंडूनानांनी काही कड्यांस दोन-दोन व काही दारांस दोन्हीं बाजूंनी कुलपे लावलेली आहेत.
2. कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या नजरेस पडावा एवढीच आहे.
3. कुलपे लावून नाकेबंदी करून टाकली आहे.
4. आमच्या बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा मोठा शौक.

उत्तर:

1. आमच्या बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा मोठा शौक.
2. कुलपे लावून नाकेबंदी करून टाकली आहे.
3. कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या नजरेस पडावा एवढीच आहे.
4. बंडूनानांनी काही कड्यांस दोन-दोन व काही दारांस दोन्हीं बाजूंनी कुलपे लावलेली आहेत.

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांना जडलेला छंद कोणता?
उत्तर:
बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा छंद जडला होता.

प्रश्न 2.
कुलपांचा संग्रह कोणाच्या नजरेस पडावा असे बंडूनानांना वाटत होते?
उत्तर:
कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या नजरेस पडावा असे बंडूनानांना वाटत होते.

कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.

प्रश्न 1.
1. अनेक धातूंची, अनेक आकारांची, अनेक कळींची ………………………. जमवून त्यांनी एक संग्रहालय बनवले आहे. (कुलपे/किल्या/घरे/पुस्तके)
2. आमच्या …………….. कुलपांचा मोठा शौक. (सखूआजीला/बंडूनानांना/वडीलांना/खंडूनानांना)
उत्तर:
1. कुलपे
2. बंडूनानांना

शब्दसमूहासाठी एक शब्द चौकटीत लिहा

प्रश्न 1.
शब्दसमूहासाठी एक शब्द चौकटीत लिहा
उत्तर:

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
कारण लिहा.
बंडूनानांनी घरभर कुलपे लावून बंदोबस्त करण्याचे कारण; ………………….
(अ) घरावर डाका पडणार आहे, अशी बातमी त्यांना कळाली होती.
(ब) आपल्या चीजवस्तूंचे रक्षण व्हावे ही इच्छा होती.
(क) कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळीच्या नजरेस पडावा म्हणून.
(ड) नानांना कुलूपांचा संग्रह करायचा होता.
उत्तर:
बंडूनानांनी घरभर कुलपे लावून बंदोबस्त करण्याचे कारण; कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या नजरेस पडावा म्हणून.

प्रश्न 2.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 3.
चूक की बरोबर लिहा.
1. बंडूनानांनी काही कड्यांस दोन-दोन व काही दारांस दोन्ही बाजूंनी कुलपे लावली आहेत.
2. आमच्या बंडूनानांना पुस्तकांचा मोठा शौक.
उत्तर:
1. बरोबर
2. चूक

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्य लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा.
आपल्या चिजवस्तूंचे रक्षण व्हावे हि इच्छा होती.
उत्तरः
आपल्या चीजवस्तूंचे रक्षण व्हावे ही इच्छा होती.

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. मित्रमंडळि, मीत्रमंडळि, मित्रमंडळी, मीत्रमंडळी
2. संग्रहालय, सगृहालय, संगरहालय, संग्ररहालय
उत्तर:
1. मित्रमंडळी
2. संग्रहालय

प्रश्न 3.
खालील वाक्यांत अधोरेखित शब्दांऐवजी पाठात आलेले समान अर्थाचे शब्द शोधून वाक्ये पुन्हा लिहा.
1. पुस्तकांचा साठा करायला रमेशला आवडतो.
2. दारांस दोन्ही बाजूंनी टाळे लावलेली आहेत.
उत्तर:
1. पुस्तकांचा संग्रह करायला रमेशला आवडतो.
2. दारांस दोन्ही बाजूंनी कुलपे लावलेली आहेत.

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्यातील अधोरेखित शब्दाचे वचन बदलून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
आमच्या बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा मोठा शौक.
उत्तर:
आमच्या बंडूनानांना कुलपाचा मोठा शौक.

प्रश्न 5.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
(अधोरेखित शब्दांची जात ओळखा)
1. बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा मोठा शौक.
2. तो पहाटे दररोज चालायला जातो.
उत्तर:
1. नाम
2. क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय

प्रश्न 6.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 7.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दांऐवजी पाठात आलेला योग्य वाक्प्रचार शोधून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या दृष्टीस पडावा एवढीच इच्छा आहे.
उत्तर:
कुलपांचा संग्रह मित्रमंडळींच्या नजरेस पडावा एवढीच इच्छा आहे.

प्रश्न 8.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
कुलपे जमवून बंडूनानांनी एक संग्रहालय बनवले आहे. (काळ ओळखा)
उत्तर:
वर्तमानकाळ

कृती 4: स्वमत

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या कुलपांच्या शौकामुळे घडणाऱ्या चमत्कारिक प्रसंगांविषयी तुमचे मत लिहा.
उत्तरः
बंडूनानांना कुलपांचा शौक होता. आपल्या या शौकापायी त्यांनी वेगवेगळ्या प्रकारची कुलपे संग्रहित करून ठेवलेली होती. त्यांच्या कुटुंबाने (बायकोने) धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपांची किल्ली हरवली. कुलूप लोहाराकडून काढून घेतले तर ते तुटेल म्हणून त्यांनी लोहाराला बोलाविले नाही. ते इतके स्वाभिमानी होते की, इतरांकडून धान्य उसने न घेता घरातील सर्व मंडळींसह दोन दिवस उपाशीच राहिले. कडक उपासाने नानांची तब्येत बिघडली, तेव्हा इतर लोकांनी लोहाराला बोलाविले. त्यांच्याशी नाना व्यवस्थित बोलत नव्हते. खरे पाहता नानांना विविध प्रकारची कुलपे संग्रही ठेवण्याचा शौक होता. त्यांना आपल्या शौकापुढे कोणतीच गोष्ट महत्त्वाची वाटत नसे. आपल्या शौकापायी व्यक्ती काहीही करण्यास तयार होते. नानांच्या बाबतीतही हेच म्हटले पाहिजे.

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा:

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तर लिहा
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 3.
जोड्या जुळवा.

उत्तरः

प्रश्न 4.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. नाना पंधरा दिवसांपर्यंत आमच्याशी नीटपणे बोलेनातच!
2. दुसऱ्या दिवशी द्वादशी.
3. किल्ली शोधण्याकरता त्यांनी सगळा बाजार पालथा घातला.
4. बंडूनानांवर अनेक चमत्कारिक प्रसंगही आले आहेत.

उत्तर:

1. बंडूनानांवर अनेक चमत्कारिक प्रसंगही आले आहेत.
2. किल्ली शोधण्याकरता त्यांनी सगळा बाजार पालथा घातला.
3. दुसऱ्या दिवशी द्वादशी.
4. नाना पंधरा दिवसापर्यंत आमच्याशी नीटपणे बोलेनातच!

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपाची किल्ली कोणी हरवली?
उत्तरः
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपाची किल्ली बंडूनानांच्या कुटुंबाने हरवली.

प्रश्न 2.
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपाची किल्ली हरवल्यामुळे घरातील सर्व मंडळींना किती दिवस उपवास घडला?
उत्तरः
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपाची किल्ली हरवल्यामुळे घरातील सर्व मंडळींना दोन दिवस उपवास घडला.

प्रश्न 3.
कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.
1. नानांचे तर डोळे ………… होण्याची वेळ आली. (काळे, लाल, पांढरे, निळे)
2. बंडूनानांवर अनेक …………. प्रसंगही आले आहेत. (चमत्कारिक, रोमांचकारी, दिलचस्प, भयानक)
उत्तर:
1. पांढरे
2. चमत्कारिक

प्रश्न 4.
शब्दसमूहासाठी एक शब्द चौकटीत लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
कारणे लिहा.
1. नानांनी शेजाऱ्यांपाशी पसाभर धान्य मागितले नाही; कारण …………….
…………………………………………………………………….
2. कुलूप लोहाराकडून काढायचे नाही; कारण …………………………………
…………………………………………………………………….
उत्तर:
1. नानांनी शेजाऱ्यांपाशी पसाभर धान्य मागितले नाही; कारण नानांचा स्वभाव मानी होता.
2. कुलूप लोहाराकडून काढायचे नाही; कारण कुलपाची हाडे खिळखिळी होताना पाहणे हे बंडूनानांसाठी अवघड होते.

प्रश्न 2.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 3.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 4.
चूक की बरोबर ते लिहा.
बंडूनाना शेजाऱ्यांपाशी धान्य उसने मागत असत.
उत्तरः
चूक

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्य लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा.
एवढा खटाटोप करून ठेवल्यामूळे बंडूनानांवर अनेक चमत्कारिक परसंग आले आहेत.
उत्तर:
एवढा खटाटोप करून ठेवल्यामुळे बंडूनानांवर अनेक चमत्कारिक प्रसंग आले आहेत.

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. खिळखीळी, खिळखिळी, खीळखीळी, खिळखिळि
2. दूर्घट, दुरघट, दुर्गट, दुर्घट
उत्तर:
1. खिळखिळी
2. दुर्घट

प्रश्न 3.
समानार्थी शब्द लिहा.
1. राग – [ ]
2. नयन – [ ]
उत्तर:
1. घुस्सा
2. डोळे

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्यातील अधोरेखित शब्दाचे वचन बदलून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपाची किल्ली त्यांच्या कुटुंबाने हरवली.
उत्तरः
धान्याच्या कोठीच्या कुलपांच्या किल्ल्या त्यांच्या कुटुंबाने हरवल्या.

प्रश्न 5.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
1. नानांचे तर डोळे पांढरे होण्याची वेळ आली. (अधोरेखित शब्दाची जात ओळखा)
2. घरासमोर विहीर आहे. (अधोरेखित शब्दाची जात ओळखा)
उत्तर:
1. विशेषण
2. शब्दयोगी अव्यय

प्रश्न 6.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 7.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 8.
वाक्प्रचाराचा अर्थ लिहा.
1. हाडे खिळखिळी होणे
2. नजरेस पडणे
उत्तर:
1. हाडे खिळखिळी होणे : खूप मार लागणे
2. नजरेस पडणे : दृष्टीस पडणे

प्रश्न 9.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
बंडूनानांनी किल्ली शोधण्याकरता सगळा बाजार पालथा घातला होता. (काळ ओळखा)
उत्तर:
भूतकाळ

प्रश्न 10.
पर्यायी शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 4: स्वमत

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांसारखा तुम्हांलाही जरूर कोणता ना कोणता तरी छंद असणारच. तुम्ही आपल्या छंदाची जोपासना कशी करता हे थोडक्यात व्यक्त करा.
उत्तरः
बंडूनानांप्रमाणे मलाही छंद आहे, तो म्हणजे नाणी गोळा करण्याचा. आतापर्यंत मी देश-विदेशांतील अनेक नाणी संग्रही बाळगली आहेत, नाणी हरवू नयेत तसेच ती चोरीला जाऊ नयेत; म्हणून मी नाणी ठेवण्यासाठी एक स्वतंत्र कपाटच केलेले आहे. प्रत्येक महिन्याच्या शेवटच्या रविवारी मी माझी सर्व नाणी बाहेर काढून त्यांना स्वच्छ कपड्याने पुसून ठेवतो. माझ्या मित्रांना घरी बोलावून त्यांना सर्व नाणी दाखवतो, पण कोणालाही हात लावू देत नाही. मुंबईतील चोरबाजार, फॅशन स्ट्रीट येथे वेळोवेळी जाऊन विविध देशांची नाणी मी खरेदी करतो. संगणकाच्या मदतीने परदेशात नवीन निघालेल्या नाण्यांची चित्रे पाहतो व अथक प्रयत्न करून, ती नाणी मिळविण्याचा प्रयत्न करतो.

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती कराः

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तरे लिहा.
1. कुलपे पुष्कळ बरी – [ ]
2. बंडूनानांची वृत्ती – [ ]
उत्तर:
1. अक्षरशत्रू
2. ‘वसुधैव कुटूंबकम्’

प्रश्न 3.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. ‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’ वृत्तीचे नाना.
2. नानांनी घरच्यांच्या स्वाधीन बाजारी कुलपे केली.
3. अक्षरशत्रू कुलपे पुष्कळ बरी.
4. अक्षरे जुळवताना ती जवळ उभे राहाणारासही दिसू लागली.

उत्तर:

1. नानांनी घरच्यांच्या स्वाधीन बाजारी कुलपे केली.
2. ‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’ वृत्तीचे नाना.
3. अक्षरे जुळवताना ती जवळ उभे राहाणारासही दिसू लागली.
4. अक्षरशत्रू कुलपे पुष्कळ बरी.

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनाना कोणती कुलपे कुटुंबाच्या स्वाधीन करू लागले?
उत्तरः
बंडूनाना साधी बाजारी कुलपे कुटुंबाच्या स्वाधीन करू लागले.

प्रश्न 2.
‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’ वृत्ती पाहून कोणाला चोरी करण्याची इच्छा झाली?
उत्तरः
‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’ वृत्ती पाहून नानांच्या एका विश्वासू नोकराला चोरी करण्याची इच्छा झाली.

कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.

प्रश्न 1.
1. ………….. वृत्ती पाहून नानांच्या पदरच्या एका विश्वासू नोकरालाही चोरी करण्याची इच्छा झाली. (‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’/प्रामाणिक/एकनिष्ट/साधीभोळी)
2. अक्षरशत्रू ……….. पुष्कळ बरी. (दरवाजे/कुलपे/घरे/किल्ली)
उत्तर:
1. ‘वसुधैव कुटुंबकम्’
2. कुलपे

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

कारण लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
आपल्या उपयोगातील सर्व किल्ल्या बंडूनाना आपल्या जानव्यात अडकवून ठेवत; कारण ……………..
(अ) किल्ल्या कधी हरवत नाहीत.
(ब) किल्ल्या नेहमी हरवत.
(क) किल्ल्या कधी सापडत नसत.
(ड) किल्या विसरण्याची बंडूनानांना सवय होती.
उत्तरः
आपल्या उपयोगातील सर्व किल्ल्या बंडूनाना आपल्या जानव्यात अडकवून ठेवत; कारण किल्ल्या कधी हरवत नाहीत.

प्रश्न 2.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 3.
चूक की बरोबर ते लिहा.
1. यापेक्षा अक्षरशत्रू कुलपे पुष्कळ वाईट.
2. कुलूप नुसते दाबले की लागत असे.
उत्तर:
1. चूक
2. बरोबर

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्ये लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा.
1. कुलूप नूसते दाबले कि लागत असे.
2. प्रथम त्यांनि अक्षरि कुलूप लावले.
उत्तर:
1. कुलूप नुसते दाबले की लागत असे.
2. प्रथम त्यांनी अक्षरी कुलूप लावले.

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. कुटुंब, कुटुंब, कूटुंब, कुटूंब.
2. वसुधैव, वसूधैव, वसूधयव, वसुधयैव
उत्तर:
1. कुटुंब
2. वसुधैव

प्रश्न 3.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दाऐवजी पाठात आलेला समान अर्थाचा शब्द शोधून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
अक्षरशत्रू कुलपे भरपूर बरी.
उत्तर:
अक्षरशत्रू कुलपे पुष्कळ बरी.

प्रश्न 4.
विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिहा.

1. अविश्वास × [ ]
2. काळोख × [ ]
3. सापडतात × [ ]
4. प्राचीन × [ ]

उत्तर:

1. विश्वास
2. उजेड
3. हरवतात
4. आधुनिक

प्रश्न 5.
अधोरेखित शब्दांची जात ओळखा.
1. बंडूनानांचा नोकर हजारपाचशे डबोले घेऊन पळून गेला.
2. छे! मी तसे म्हणालोच नाही.
उत्तर:
1. क्रियापद
2. केवलप्रयोगी अव्यय

प्रश्न 6.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 7.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 8.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दाऐवजी पाठात आलेला योग्य वाक्प्रचार शोधून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
रमेशने सुरेशचे पुस्तक त्याच्या हवाली केले.
उत्तर:
रमेशने सुरेशचे पुस्तक त्याच्या स्वाधीन केले.

प्रश्न 9.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
बंडूनानांना फार दिवस प्रश्न पडला होता. (काळ ओळखा)
उत्तर:
भूतकाळ

प्रश्न 10.
पर्यायी शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 4: स्वमत

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या छंदाच्या वर्णनातून पाठात घडणारा विनोद तुमच्या शब्दांत सांगा.
उत्तरः
एकदा बंडूनानांच्या घरात तिजोरीची चोरी झाली. त्यानंतर त्यांनी तिजोरीस घंटेचे कुलूप लावले आणि तिजोरी स्वत:च्या झोपायच्या खोलीत नेऊन ठेवली. आता आपण चोराला पकडू शकतो कारण किल्लीचा प्रयोग सुरू होताच घंटा वाजायला लागणार व तो पकडला जाणार म्हणून नाना खूप आनंदी होते. ज्या दिवशी ते कुलूप लावले गेले, त्याच रात्री घरातील मंडळींना घंटेचा आवाज ऐकायला आला. सर्वजण बंडूनानांच्या खोलीत गेले. बंडूनाना स्वतः उजव्या हाताने कुलूप उघडत होते व डाव्या हाताने उजव्या हाताला पकडून जोर जोरात ‘चोर, चोर’ असे म्हणून ओरडत होते. घरातील मंडळींना वाटले होते की, खरोखरचा चोर घरात शिरला आहे; पण प्रत्यक्षात बंडूनानाच स्वत:च चोराची भूमिका निभावून स्वत:च कोतवालाची भूमिका सुद्धा पार पाडत होते.

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा:

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तर लिहा.
देशबुडवे व कलेला आश्रय न देणारे – [ ]
उत्तर:
चोर

प्रश्न 3.
जोड्या जुळवा.

उत्तर:

प्रश्न 4.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. नानांच्या अंगी दृढनिश्चय हा एक अलौकिक गुण आहे.
2. चोरसुद्धा देशबुडवे व कलेला आश्रय न देणारे असतात!
3. बंडूनाना आता तिजोरीला कुलूप लावून पूर्वीचे काढून टाकणार.
4. आर्यभूमीच्या पुत्रांना कल्पकता नाही म्हणून चोहोकडे ओरड चालू आहे.

उत्तर:

1. आर्यभूमीच्या पुत्रांना कल्पकता नाही म्हणून चोहोकडे ओरड चालू आहे.
2. बंडूनाना आता तिजोरीला कुलूप लावून पूर्वीचे काढून टाकणार.
3. नानांच्या अंगी ‘दृढनिश्चय’ हा एक अलौकिक गुण आहे.
4. चोरसुद्धा देशबुडवे व कलेला आश्रय न देणारे असतात!

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या मते संधी मिळाली असती तर कोण झाले असते?
उत्तर:
बंडूनानांच्या मते संधी मिळाली असती तर ‘एडिसन’ झाले असते.

प्रश्न 2.
नानांच्या अंगी कोणता अलौकिक गण होता?
उत्तर:
नानांच्या अंगी ‘दृढनिश्चय’ हा अलौकिक गुण होता.

कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.

प्रश्न 1.

1. आमच्या ……….. पुत्रांना कल्पकता नाही म्हणून चोहोकडे ओरड चालू आहे. (कर्मभूमीच्या, आर्यभूमीच्या, धर्मभूमीच्या, मातृभूमीच्या)
2. आहो, आम्हाला संधी मिळत नाही साधी! ती मिळाली तर आम्हांकडे शेकडो …………………………….. झाले असते. (एडिसन, पुजारी, शेतकरी, वकील)
3. नानांच्या अंगी ……………………… हा एक अलौकिक गुण आहे. (आत्मविश्वास, निश्चय, स्वावलंबन, दृढनिश्चय)

उत्तर:

1. आर्यभूमीच्या
2. एडिसन
3. दृढनिश्चय

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
कारण लिहा.
नानांचा तिळपापड झाला! कारण ……………………..
(अ) अनुमानाप्रमाणे कपाटाची चोरी झाली.
(ब) अनुमानाप्रमाणे तिजोरीची चोरी झाली.
(क) अनुमानाप्रमाणे घराची चोरी झाली
(ड) अनुमानाप्रमाणे दुकानाची चोरी झाली.
उत्तर:
नानांचा तिळपापड झाला! कारण अनुमानाप्रमाणे तिजोरीची चोरी झाली.

प्रश्न 2.
फरक लिहा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 3.
चूक की बरोबर लिहा.
1. हे कुलूप मी आता तिजोरीला लावून पूर्वीचे काढून टाकणार.
2. लोहाराच्या मदतीने बंडूनानांनी स्वत: तयार केलेले एक कुलूप दाखवले.
उत्तरः
1. बरोबर
2. बरोबर

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्ये लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा. ‘या कुलपाची कलपना मला आमच्या तिजोरिच्या कुलपावरून सुचली.’
उत्तर:
‘या कुलपाची कल्पना मला आमच्या तिजोरीच्या कुलपावरून सुचली.’

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. एडीसन, एडिसन, ऐडिसन, एडिअस
2. दृढनिश्चय, द्रढनिश्चय, दृढनीश्चय, द्रढनीश्चय
उत्तर:
1. एडिसन
2. दृढनिश्चय

प्रश्न 3.
समानार्थी शब्द लिहा.
1. जमीन – [ ]
2. मौका – [ ]
उत्तर:
1. भूमी
2. संधी

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्यातील अधोरेखित शब्दाचे वचन बदलून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
आर्यभूमीच्या पुत्रांना कल्पकता नाही.
उत्तरः
आर्यभूमीच्या पुत्राला कल्पकता नाही.

प्रश्न 5.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
ती मिळती तर आम्हांमध्ये शेकडो एडिसन झाले असते. (अधोरेखित शब्दाची जात ओळखा)
उत्तरः
सर्वनाम

प्रश्न 6.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दाचा विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिहून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
पण हा आरोप निव्वळ खरा नाही.
उत्तरः
पण हा आरोप निव्वळ खोटा नाही.

प्रश्न 7.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 8.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दाऐवजी पाठात आलेला योग्य वाक्प्रचार शोधून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
भूषण एस.एस.सी परीक्षेत चांगल्या गुणांनी पास झाल्यामुळे त्याच्या मित्रांनी त्याची प्रशंसा केली.
उत्तरः
भूषण एस.एस.सी परीक्षेत चांगल्या गुणांनी पास झाल्यामुळे त्याच्या मित्रांनी त्याची स्तुती केली.

प्रश्न 9.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
बंडूनानांनी ठरलेला बेत लागलीच अमलात आणला होता. (काळ ओळखा)
उत्तर:
भूतकाळ

प्रश्न 10.
पर्यायी शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 4: स्वमत

प्रश्न 1.
बंडूनानांच्या तोंडाला आपोआप कुलूप बसण्याची तुम्हांला समजलेली कारणे स्वभाषेत सांगा.
उत्तरः
बंडूनानांनी घरातील तिजोरीला कुलूप लावूनसुद्धा त्यांच्या एका नोकराने चोरी केली तर एकदा चोरांनी त्यांचा ऐवज पळवला. शेवटी कंटाळून त्यांनी गावात आलेल्या टोळीकडून अनेक कुलपे विकत घेतली. त्याच दिवशी नाना आपल्या घरातील मंडळींसह नाटकाला गेले. नाटकाला जाताना ते फुशारक्या मारत होते की, चोरांच्या बापजन्मीसुद्धा त्यांची तिजोरी फोडली जाणार नाही. कारण त्यांच्याजवळ आता विशिष्ट प्रकारची कुलपे आहेत. नाटक संपल्यावर घरी आल्यावर त्यांच्या सर्व पेट्यांची कुलपे जशीच्या तशीच होती व आतील माल मात्र चोरीला गेलेला होता. टोळी पळून गेली होती. त्यांच्या कुटुंबाच्या हौशीमुळे त्यांच्या अंगावरील दागिने मात्र वाचले होते. त्यामुळे त्यांचे कुटुंब नेहमी त्यांना टोमणा मारत असे.

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा:

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तरे लिहा.
1. नानांनी आपल्या निजायच्या खोलीत नेऊन ठेवली – [ ]
2. नाटकाचा पहिला प्रयोग – [ ]
उत्तर:
1. तिजोरी
2. ‘सुभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यविपाक’

प्रश्न 3.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. तो काय चमत्कार सांगावा.
2. ‘घंटेच्या आवाजाबरोबर मी ताडकन उठून त्याच्या मानगुटीस बसलोच समजा!’
3. आता मात्र चोर माझ्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार.
4. नानांनी तिजोरीस घंटचे कुलूप लावले.

उत्तर:

1. नानांनी तिजोरीस घंटचे कुलूप लावले.
2. आता मात्र चोर माझ्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार
3. ‘घंटेच्या आवाजाबरोबर मी ताडकन उठून त्याच्या मानगुटीस बसलोच समजा!’
4. तो काय चमत्कार सांगावा.

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
तिजोरीला कुलूप लावून नाना तिजोरी कोठे घेऊन गेले?
उत्तर:
तिजोरीला कुलूप लावून नाना तिजोरी निजायच्या खोलीत घेऊन गेले.

प्रश्न 2.
नाटकाच्या पहिल्या प्रयोगाचे नाव काय होते?
उत्तरः
नाटकाच्या पहिल्या प्रयोगाचे नाव ‘सुभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यविपाक’ होते.

कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.

प्रश्न 1.
1. नानांनी तिजोरीस …………. कुलूप लावले. (घंटेचे, टाळ्याचे, अक्षरांचे, अंकांचे)
2. नाटकाचा पहिला प्रयोग …………. अथवा चौर्यविपाक’ त्याच दिवशी होता. (मंतरलेले लिंबू, सुभद्राहरण, गिधाड, कुलांगार)
उत्तर:
1. घंटेचे
2. सुभद्राहरण

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
योग्य पर्याय निवडून विधान पूर्ण करा.
बंडूनाना आपली सर्व मंडळी बरोबर घेऊन निर्भय चित्ताने ………………
(अ) सिनेमाला गेले
(ब) कथाकथनाला गेले
(क) नाटकाला गेले
(ड) चित्रपटाला गेले
उत्तरः
बंडूनाना आपली सर्व मंडळी बरोबर घेऊन निर्भय चित्ताने नाटकाला गेले.

प्रश्न 2.
कोण ते लिहा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 3.
चूक की बरोबर ते लिहा.
1. बलुची लोकांजवळची कुलपे लेखकाने विकत घेतली.
2. कर्मधर्मसंयोगाने एक नाटकमंडळी गावात आली होती.
उत्तर:
1. चूक
2. बरोबर

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्य लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा.
पहिला प्रयोग ‘सूभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यवीपाक’ त्याच दिवशी होता.
उत्तरः
पहिला प्रयोग ‘सुभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यविपाक’ त्याच दिवशी होता.

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. निरभय, नीरभय, निर्भय, निर्रभय
2. तरेतरेची, त-हेत-हेची, त-हेतरेची, तरेत-हेची
उत्तर:
1. निर्भय
2. त-हेत-हेची

प्रश्न 3.
खालील वाक्यांत अधोरेखित शब्दांऐवजी पाठात आलेले समान अर्थाचे शब्द शोधून वाक्य पून्हा लिहा.
1. आता मात्र भामटा माझ्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार.
2. बंडूनानांनी तिजोरीला कुलूप लावण्याची योजना आखली.
उत्तर:
1. आता मात्र चोर माझ्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार.
2. बंडूनानांनी तिजोरीला कुलूप लावण्याचा बेत आखला.

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्यातील अधोरेखित शब्दाचे वचन बदलून वाक्ये पुन्हा लिहा.
‘आता चोरांना म्हणावे, या, कशी चोरी करता ते पाहू.’
उत्तर:
‘आता चोराला म्हणावे, ये, कशी चोरी करतोस ते पाहू.’

प्रश्न 5.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.

1. पारध्याने जाळे टाकले; पण त्यात सावज अडकलेच नाही. (अधोरेखित शब्दाची जात ओळखा)
2. सर्वजण पोटभर जेवत असत. (काळ ओळखा)
3. हा अविचार आम्हाला पसंत पडला. (अधोरेखित शब्दाचा विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिहून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.)

उत्तर:

1. उभयान्वयी अव्यय
2. भूतकाळ
3. हा विचार आम्हाला पसंत पडला.

प्रश्न 6.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 7.
काळ बदला.
चोर ! चोर ! म्हणून ओरडत आहेत. (भूतकाळ करा)
उत्तर:
चोर! चोर ! म्हणून ओरडत होते.

प्रश्न 8.
पर्यायी शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 4: स्वमत

प्रश्न 1.
घंटेचे कुलूप लावल्यावर चोर आपल्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार, अशी नानांना वाटत असलेली खात्री बरोबर होती का? यावर तुमचे मत लिहा.
उत्तरः
नानांच्या घरातील तिजोरीची अनुमानाप्रमाणे चोरी झाली, तेव्हा नानांचा तिळपापड झाला. त्यानंतर नानांची लगेचच तिजोरीस घंटेचे कुलूप लावले. नानांनी तिजोरी सुरक्षित स्थळी हलवली, म्हणजेच तिजोरी आपल्या झोपायच्या खोलीत ठेवली. जर चोरांनी किल्ली लावून तिजोरीचे कुलूप उघडण्याचा प्रयत्न केला तर घंटा वाजायला सुरुवात होईल. घंटेच्या आवाजाने घरातील सर्व मंडळी जमतील व चोराला पकडतील अशी योजना नानांनी घंटेचे कुलूप लावून केली होती. त्यामुळे घंटेचे कुलूप लावल्यावर चोर आपल्या हाती नि:संशय सापडणार ही नानांना वाटत असलेली खात्री योग्यच होती.

पुढील उताऱ्याच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा:

कृती 1: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
उत्तरे लिहा.
1. नाटक आटोपण्याची वेळ – [ ]
2. तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले – [ ]
उत्तर:
1. सकाळी पाच वाजता.
2. बंडूनानांच्या

प्रश्न 3.
उताऱ्यानुसार वाक्यांचा क्रम लावा.

1. बंडूनानांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले !
2. नाटक सकाळी पाच वाजता आटोपले.
3. टोळी पळून गेलेली आढळली.
4. आपल्या कुलपांपेक्षा माझ्या हौशीनेच आपल्या मिळकतीचा बचाव केला!

उत्तर:

1. नाटक सकाळी पाच वाजता आटोपले.
2. टोळी पळून गेलेली आढळली.
3. आपल्या कुलपांपेक्षा माझ्या हौशीनेच आपल्या मिळकतीचा बचाव केला!
4. बंडूनानांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले!

खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
नाटक किती वाजता संपले?
उत्तर:
नाटक सकाळी पाच वाजता संपले.

प्रश्न 2.
बंडूनानांचा पेट्यांतील माल कोणी लंपास केला?
उत्तर:
बंडूनानांचा पेट्यातील माल गावात आलेल्या टोळीने लंपास केला.

कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.

प्रश्न 1.
1. नाना परत येऊन पाहतात तो सर्व ………… कुलपे जशीच्या तशी. (दरवाजाची, पेट्यांची, तिजोरीची, घराची)
2. बंडूनानांस नेहमी त्यांच्या …………. टोमणा दयावा, की ‘दागिने घालण्याचा माझ्या हौशीबद्दल आपण सदा मला दोष लावत होता. (मित्रमंडळीने, शेजाऱ्यांनी, कुटुंबाने, नातलगाने)
उत्तर:
1. पेट्यांची
2. कुटुंबाने

कृती 2: आकलन कृती

प्रश्न 1.
योग्य पर्याय निवडून विधान पूर्ण करा. बिचारे बंडूनाना तरी यावर काय बोलणार? …………………….
(अ) ते गप्प बसले होते
(ब) त्यांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच चावी बसली.
(क) त्यांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले.
(ड) ते जोरजोराने ओरडू लागले होते.
उत्तर:
बिचारे बंडूनाना तरी यावर काय बोलणार? त्यांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले.

प्रश्न 2.
चूक की बरोबर लिहा.
1. नाटक दुपारी दोन वाजता आटोपले.
2. बंडूनानांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले!
उत्तर:
1. चूक
2. बरोबर

कृती 3: व्याकरण कृती

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्ये लेखननियमांनुसार शुद्ध करून लिहा.
1. ती टोळिही पळुन गेलेली आढळली.
2. त्यामूळे दागीने मात्र बचावले.
उत्तर:
1. ती टोळीही पळून गेलेली आढळली.
2. त्यामुळे दागिने मात्र बचावले.

प्रश्न 2.
अचूक शब्द लिहा.
1. सुदेवाने, सूर्देवाने, सुदैवाने, सुर्देवाने
2. दागीने, दागिने, दाग्गिने, दागने
उत्तर:
1. सुदैवाने
2. दागिने

प्रश्न 3.
खालील वाक्यात अधोरेखित शब्दाऐवजी पाठात आलेले समान अर्थाचे शब्द शोधून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
बंडूनानांना त्यांच्या कुटुंबाने टोला दिला.
उत्तर:
बंडूनानांना त्यांच्या कुटुंबाने टोमणा दिला.

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्यातील अधोरेखित शब्दाचे वचन बदलून वाक्य पुन्हा लिहा.
नाना परत येऊन पाहतात तो पेटीचे कुलूप जसेच्या तसे.
उत्तर:
नाना परत येऊन पाहतात तो पेट्यांची कुलूपे जशीच्या तशी.

प्रश्न 5.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
त्यांच्या तोंडाला आपोआपच कुलूप बसले! (अधोरेखित शब्दाची जात ओळखा)
उत्तरः
सर्वनाम

प्रश्न 6.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 7.
तक्ता पूर्ण करा.
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 8.
कंसातील सूचनेनुसार बदल करा.
1. पेटीतील माल चोरीस गेला होता. (काळ ओळखा)
2. बंडूनानांस त्यांच्या घरातील मंडळी टोमणा देतील (वर्तमानकाळ करा)
उत्तर:
1.भूतकाळ
2. बंडूनानांस त्यांच्या घरातील मंडळी टोमणा देत आहेत.

प्रश्न 9.
पर्यायी शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

कृती 4: स्वमत
बंडूनानांची पत्नी त्यांना न जुमानता सर्व दागिने घालून नाटकाला गेली, हे तुम्हाला योग्य वाटते का?
उत्तरः
बंडूनानांची पत्नी त्यांना न जुमानता दागिने घालून नाटकाला गेली, हे माझ्या मते योग्यच होते. बंडूनाना गावात आलेल्या नाटकमंडळींचे ‘सुभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यविपाक’ हे नाटक पाहावयास आपल्या कुटुंबासमवेत गेले. बंडूनाना नेहमीच आपल्या पत्नीला दागिने घालण्यासाठी नकार देत असत. याही वेळी ते नको म्हणत असताना त्यांची पत्नी त्यांना न जुमानता सर्व दागिने घालून नाटकाला गेली. त्याच रात्री चोरांनी बंडूनानांच्या घरातील सर्व माल लंपास केला. फक्त बंडूनानांच्या पत्नीच्या हौशीनेच त्यांच्या मिळकतीचा (दागिने) बचाव केला. झालेल्या चोरीत हे दागिने तेवढेच वाचले.

कुलूप Summary in Marathi

लेखकाचा परिचय:

नाव: श्रीपाद कृष्ण कोल्हटकर
कालावधी : 1971-1934
समीक्षक, लेखक, कवी, नाटककार, कथाकार, कादंबरीकार. ‘मूकनायक’, ‘गुप्तमंजूष’, ‘मतिविकार’, ‘प्रेमशोधन’ इत्यादी नाटके; ‘दुटप्पी की दुहेरी’, ‘शामसुंदर’ इत्यादी कादंबऱ्या; ‘गीतोपायन’ हा काव्यसंग्रह प्रसिद्ध.

प्रस्तावना:

‘कुलूप’ हा पाठ लेखक श्रीपाद कृष्ण कोल्हटकर यांनी लिहिला आहे. स्वभावनिष्ठ व प्रसंगनिष्ठ विनोदाचा अतिशय चपखलपणे वापर, हे प्रस्तुत पाठाचे खास वैशिष्ट्य आहे. बंडूनानांच्या कुलपांच्या हव्यासापायी त्यांच्यावर अनेक चमत्कारिक प्रसंग उद्भवतात, याचे वर्णन प्रस्तुत पाठात विनोदी शैलीत लेखकांनी केले आहे.

‘Kulup’ is written by Shripad Krishna Kolhatkar. The use of behavioural and situational humour is a speciality of this write up. This write up narrates about situations created in Bandunana’s life due to his obsession of locks.

शब्दार्थ:

1. कुलूप – टाळे, (a lock)
2. शौक – छंद (a hobby)
3. संग्रहालय – संग्रहस्थान (a museum)
4. कपाट – a cupboard
5. नाकेबंदी – a blockade
6. डाका – दरोडा (robbery)
7. हव्यास – उत्कट इच्छा (greed, obsession)
8. प्रसंग – घटना (an incident)
9. कुटुंब – परिवार (a family)
10. किल्ली – चावी (a key)
11. कोठी – धान्यागार (a granary)
12. लोहार – लोखंडाचे काम करणारा (a blacksmith)
13. दुर्घट – अवघड (difficult)
14. गृहस्थ – व्यक्ती, प्रापंचिक पुरुष (a person, gentleman)
15. मानी – अभिमानी (proud)
16. हकीगत – हकिकत, बातमी (news, narrative)
17. घुस्सा – राग (anger)
18. अनर्थ – मोठे संकट
19. गुदरणे – ओढवणे
20. विधिनिषेध – अमुक करू नये याबाबतचे नियम
21. विश्वासू – भरवशाचा (trustworthy)
22. नोकर – नोकरी करणारा (a servant)
23. कुचकामी – अगदी निरुपयोगी (useless)
24. अक्षरशत्रू – अक्षरशून्य (illiterate)
25. हर्षित – (हर्षभरित) आनंदित (very happy, ecstasic)
26. कल्पक – नवनवीन कल्पना काढण्यात तरबेज / शोधक, योजक (resourceful)
27. अकल्पित – अनपेक्षित (unexpected)
28. उत्तेजन – प्रोत्साहन (encouragement)
29. आश्रय – आधार (support)
30. कोतवाल – पोलिसांचा मुख्य अधिकारी (the chief police constable)
31. चमत्कार – आश्चर्यकारक गोष्ट (a miracle, a wonder)
32. जिन्नस – वस्तू (an item)
33. चावडी – (येथे अर्थ) पोलीस चौकी (a police station)
34. प्रयोग – प्रत्यक्ष क्रिया (an experiment)
35. निर्भय – न घाबरणारा (brave)
36. टोमणा – उपरोधिक शेरा (taunt)
37. सुदैवाने – नशिबाने (luckily)

टिपा:

1. जानवे – यज्ञोपवित (ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य या ज्ञातीतील मुलांच्या मुंजीच्या वेळी पवित्र चिन्ह म्हणून त्याच्या गळ्यात डाव्या खांदयावरून उजव्या खांदयाखाली धारण करावयाचे पवित्र सूत)
2. वसुधैव कुटुंबकम् – ‘सारे विश्वच माझे घर’ अशी भावना, संस्कृत सुभाषित
3. एडिसन – महान अमेरिकी संशोधक तसेच व्यवसायी. फोनोग्राफ आणि विद्युत दिव्याबरोबरच अनेक शोध लावले.
4. ‘सुभद्राहरण अथवा चौर्यविपाक’ – एक नाटक
5. आर्यभूमि – भारतभूमी

वाक्प्रचार:

1. नजरेस पडणे – दृष्टीस पडणे
2. हाडे खिळखिळी होणे – खूप मार लागणे
3. स्वाधीन करणे – हवाली करणे
4. स्तुती करणे – प्रशंसा करणे
5. घुस्सा होणे – रागावणे
6. डोळे पांढरे होणे – अतिशय घाबरणे
7. तिळपापड होणे – रागराग करणे, संताप होणे

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 7 Decolonisation to Political Integration of India Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 History Solutions Chapter 7 Decolonisation to Political Integration of India

1A. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement.

Question 1.
In 1946, under the leadership of the movement of ____________ ‘Civil Disobedience’ was launched in
Goa.
(a) Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia
(b) Dr. T.B. Kunha
(c) Dr. P.P. Shirodkar
(d) Dr. Ram Hegde
Answer:
(a) Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia

Question 2.
Hyderabad’s struggle of freedom was led skillfully by ____________
(a) King Hari Singh
(b) Swami Ramanand Tirth
(c) Pandit Mahadevshastri Joshi
(d) Keshavrao Jedhe
Answer:
(b) Swami Ramanand Tirth

Question 3.
The princely states in India were merged in India mainly through the efforts of ____________
(a) Jayantrao Tilak
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Dr. T.B. Kunha
Answer:
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

1B. Find the incorrect pair from group ‘B’ and write the corrected one.

Question 1.

Answer:
The merger of the princely state of Kashmir – King Hari Singh (Instrument of Accession)

2. Write the names of historical places/persons/events.

Question 1.
The President of Goa Congress Committee –
Answer:
Dr. T.B. Kunha

Question 2.
The princely states that did not merge in India immediately after its independence –
Answer:
Junagadh, Hyderabad, Kashmir, Dadra and Haveli, Goa and Puducherry

3. Observe the map on textbook page 61 and answer the questions based on it.

Question 1.
Name the countries located at the northwest border of India.
Answer:
Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Question 2.
Which places in India were the centers of Portuguese rule?
Answer:
Goa, Dadra and Nagar haveli, Diu and Daman.

Question 3.
Which place on the eastern coast of India were the centers of French rule?
Answer:
Puducherry, Yanam and Karaikal.

Question 4.
Which nation is located at the southern tip of India?
Answer:
Sri Lanka

4. Complete the following concept map.

Question 1.

Answer:

5. Explain the following statements with reasons.

Question 1.
Ultimately the princely state of Hyderabad was merged in India.
Answer:

• Hyderabad was under Nizam rule, it was the largest amongst princely states along with Telugu, Kannada, and Marathi regional sections.
• The various organisation was formed to fight against Nizam’s policies for his people.
• Swami Ramanand Tirth alongside loyal workers were leading this organisation to gain freedom from the Nizam.
• Hyderabad State Congress passed a resolution that Hyderabad will merge in India and this was not liked by Nizam, he was willing to join Pakistan.
• The people of Hyderabad wanted to merge in India.
• Kasim Razvi formed a ‘Razakar’ organisation against people.
• In the end, the Indian Government launched a police campaign against Nizam, under the name ‘Operation Polo’.
• In 1948 Nizam surrendered and Hyderabad merged in India.

Question 2.
Puducherry was declared as a Union territory.
Answer:

• Puducherry was under the French colony. India was under the impression that the British and Portuguese will send a message to the French to leave India, however, this did not happen.
• Puducherry, Mahe, Yanam, and Chandranagar in West Bengal were under French control.
• The people of Puducherry got united under Subbayya, a communist politician and leader.
• The government noticed it as serious and strongly demanded that French governments should return all the regions held by them.
• In 1948, a bilateral agreement was signed by both governments. In 1949, Chandranagar was merged.
• In 1954, all French colonies were merged in India. In 1962, the French Parliament approved the bilateral agreement and in 1963, Puducherry became the ‘Union Territory’ of India.

6. State your opinion.

Question 1.
Andhra, Karnataka, Maharashtra Councils (Parishad) were found in the princely state of Hyderabad.
Answer:

• Hyderabad was the largest amongst princely states in India. It comprised Telugu, Kannada, and Marathi regional sections. It was ruled by Nizam.
• Nizam of Hyderabad had put many restrictions on the Civil and Political rights of his subjects to a great extent.
• To fight against such restrictions in the state, people had formed organizations like ‘Andhra Parishad’ in Telangana, ‘Maharashtra Parishad’ in Marathwada, and ‘Karnataka Parishad’ in Karnataka.

Question 2.
The Portuguese rule in Goa remained untouched till 1961.
Answer:

• Goa was under Portuguese control. There prevailed a general notion among Indians that the departure of the British from India would send a signal to the Portuguese and the French to leave India on their own.
• However, this did not happen and many freedom fighters like Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, Dr. Kunha, and many more have contributed to the struggle against the Portuguese.
• At last, the Indian govt has sent the army, under Operation Vijay, to make Goa free from Portuguese control and became a part of India on 19th December 1961.

Class 12 History Chapter 7 Decolonisation to Political Integration of India Intext Questions and Answers

Try to do this (Textbook Page No. 58)

Try to collect information about the newspapers published during ‘Hyderabad Freedom Struggle’ with the help of the internet.
Answer:
Students should do it on their own.

Try to do this (Textbook Page No. 60)

Collect information about the fort of Panaji and make a poster about the fort.
Answer:
Students should do it on their own.

Project (Textbook Page No. 62)

Collect information about the ‘Gorta Massacre’ a very important instance in the struggle for liberating Hyderabad. To get more information about it visit the following website: www.bhausahebumate.com
Answer:
(i) As we know Qasim Razvi, had founded the Razakar organization (Nizam’s private military) to help Nizam to suppress the voice of people against Nizam of Hyderabad. Gorta was the name of a village (Karnataka) and people were massacred by Razakars of Hyderabad in 1948. Gorta Village is also known as Jaliyanwala Bag of Karanataka, it was a mass killing on May 9th and 10th 1948. Though a plaque kept in front of the village gives fight date May 5th, and it continued for two weeks. It is said that around 200 people were killed by Razakars and property destruction was worth ₹ 70 lakhs.

(ii) A folk song called ‘Bhulai pada’ sung by village women in bitter memory of the massacre. There is demand from village people in front of the Government for the construction of the memorial at Gorta. Local people and local political parties had collected ₹ 27 lakh for a 35-foot memorial and laid the foundation on September 17th, 2014.