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Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 The Clothesline Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 The Clothesline

Class 6 English Chapter 2.1 The Clothesline Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the poem aloud. Recite any stanza of your choice from memory.

Question 1.
Read the poem aloud. Recite any stanza of your choice from memory.

2. Answer the following questions with reference to the poem.

Question a.
What is described in the poem?
Answer:
The poetess Charlotte Druitt Cole describes the clothes on the clothesline swaying in the wind, waiting to be free.

Question b.
What are the clothes compared to? Give two examples.
Answer:
The clothes are compared to white snow, restive horses, fairy-tale witches, a bird and a sail.

Question c.
What do restive horses do?
Answer:
Restive horses are unable to remain still; dance in a lively, playful manner and walk or move with high springy steps.
OR
Restive horses caper and prance

Question d.
What do fairy-tale witches do?
Answer:
Fairy-tale, witches dance wildly in a very hard and violent manner.

Question e.
What did one of the fluttering creatures do?
Answer:
One of the fluttering creatures freed herself from the clutches of the pegs, and soared high into the air like a bird and made it difficult for anyone to find her.

Question f.
What could have happened to the one who flew away? Who was she?
Answer:
The one who flew away happened to be the poetess’ handkerchief. She could be hidden somewhere in a ditch or drowned in the sea.

3. Form groups and discuss the following questions:

Question a.
Why are clothes compared to living things?
Answer:
The clothes are compared to living things, as they feel they need to be free from any kind of bondage just like living things.

Question b.
The events described in the poem take place at a certain place, at a certain period of the year, under specific weather conditions. Describe the place, the time and the weather conditions.
Answer:
The events described may be taking place in the backyard of a household, during the spring season, whilst the warm air in the afternoon makes the weather seem warmer than usual.

4. When we say that two or more words rhyme, we mean that they end with the same sound or syllable. For example, ‘ring – sing’. Rhyming words are often used in the verse at the end of the lines. List the rhyming words from the poem. Note the words ‘behind’ and ‘wind’. They have similar spellings, that is they look the same. But they are pronounced differently, that is, they do not ‘sound’ the same. This is known as ‘eye rhyme’. Separate the examples of eye rhymes from the following list.
Answer:

5. List all the phrases from the poem in which two or more words are joined with ‘and’.

Question 1.
List all the phrases from the poem in which two or more words are joined with ‘and’.
Answer:

1. hither and thither
2. caper and prance
3. shiver and skip
4. flipping and flapping and flopping

6. Form groups and discuss what must have happened to the handkerchief. Write the story in your own words.

Question 1.
Form groups and discuss what must have happened to the handkerchief. Write the story in your own words.
Answer:
Wash your handkerchief clean. Hang it with a peg to dry in the wind. Watch how it flutters.

7. Wash your handkerchief clean. Hang it with a peg to dry in the wind. Watch how it flutters.

Question 1.
Wash your handkerchief clean. Hang it with a peg to dry in the wind. Watch how it flutters.

8. Complete the following comparisons.
as white us ………………….
as green as ………………….
us red as ………………….
as blue as ………………….
us black as ………………….
as bright as ………………….

Question a.
Rewrite these comparisons using the comparative degree.
Example: Whiter than snow
Answer:

• Bluer than sky
• Blacker than coal.
• Redder than blood.

Question b.
Find suitable objects for each comparison.
Example: Petals or flowers or feathers whiter than snow.
Answer:

• Ocean or eyes bluer than sky.
• Leaves or moss greener than grass.
• Crow or night blacker than coal.
• Sapphire or rose redder than blood.
• Stars or light brighter than sun.

Class 6 English Chapter 2.1 The Clothesline Additional Important Questions and Answers

Reading Skills and Poetic Device

Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

Question 1.
How do the clothes on the clothesline dance?
Answer:
The clothes on the clothesline dance hand-in-hand in a row, hither and thither, and to and fro.

Question 2.
How do they go?
Answer:
They go flipping, flopping and flapping away.

Question 3.
What are the clothes on the clothesline compared to?
Answer:
The clothes on the clothesline are compared to fluttering creatures that are as white as snow.

Question 4.
What do they do in the merry March wind?
Answer:
The clothes on the clothesline shiver and skip in the merry March wind.

Question 5.
Pick out the rhyming words from the 1st stanza.
Answer:
The rhyming words are ‘row-fro-go-snow’.

Question 6.
Pick out the eye rhyme pair from the 2nd stanza.
Answer:
The pair of eye rhyme in the 2nd stanza is ‘behind-wind’.

Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

Question 1.
How was she struggling? Why?
Answer:
She was struggling wildly to be free.

Question 2.
Whom did she leave behind?
Answer:
She left pegs and clothesline behind.

Question 3.
How did she fly?
Answer:
She flew like a bird.

Question 4.
What did she gleam like?
Answer:
She gleamed like a sail in the sun.

Question 5.
What was she doing for fun?
Answer:
She was flipping and flopping and flapping for fun.

Question 6.
Where could she now be?
Answer:
She could now be hidden in a ditch or drowned in the sea.

Question 7.
What does the poetess know?
Answer:
The poetess knows for a fact that her handkerchief won’t ever come back to her pocket.

Question 8.
Pick out the rhyming words from the 2nd stanza.
Answer:
The rhyming words are : sun – fun; be – sea.

The Clothesline Summary in English

Paraphrase:

The white clothes that are hung on the clotheslines seem to be dancing in a carefree manner. The clothes’ movements resemble restless horses and their dance reminds the poetess of the wild dance of witches in fairy tales when they dance in the March wind. The poet claims to have seen her handkerchief struggling to be free of the pegs, thereby freeing herself and flying out of reach, like a bird.

The poetess saw her handkerchief flying away merrily. The handkerchief could now be somewhere hiding in a ditch or drowned in the sea. The poetess feels sad about the handkerchief leaving her, knowing very well that she won’t return.

Introduction:

The poetess Charlotte Druitt speaks about the clothes, flapping and blowing on the clothesline on a windy day. She mentions about her handkerchief which left the pegs, gleaming like a sail in the sun and no one could find her.

Glossary:

1. ditch – a trench
2. gleam – a small shaft, stream of light
3. sail – a piece of cloth attached to the mast of a boat to catch the wind and propel it.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 4.3 The Bees Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions, and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 4.3 The Bees

Class 8 English Chapter 4.3 The Bees Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up:

1. Match the professions with the field of work:

Answer:
(1) Chief Minister – Administration
(2) Magistrate – Law
(3) Soldier – Defence
(4) Trader – BusIness
(5) Builder – Construction
(6) Driver – Transport
(7) Teacher – Education

2. Living creatures, birds, animals, insects, etc. are often used in us – as comparisons, because of some special characteristics they hold.
Fill in the gaps, choosing words from the brackets to make appropriate comparisons.

(tall / quiet / humble / merry / busy / slippery / fast / sly /slow / big)

Question 1.
as _____ as a lark
Answer:
as merry as a lark

Question 2.
as _____ as a snail
Answer:
as slow as a snail

Question 3.
as ______ as a giraffe
Answer:
as tall as a giraffe

Question 4.
as _____ as a bee
Answer:
as busy as a bee

Question 5.
as ______ as an elephant
Answer:
as big as an elephant

Question 6.
as _____ as a mouse
Answer:
as quiet as a mouse

Question 7.
as _____ as an eel
Answer:
as slippery as an eel

Question 8.
as ______ as a fox
Answer:
as sly as a fox

Question 9.
as _____ as a deer
Answer:
as fast as a deer

Question 10.
as ____ as a worm
Answer:
as humble as a worm

1. Honey-bees live unorganized life like human beings. Discuss what work the following honey-bees do, us per the poem. Write it down in your own words, in your notebook.
(a) King / Emperor bee
(b) Magistrate bees
(c) Merchant bees
(d) Soldier bees
(e) Mason bees
(f) Civilian bees
(g) Porter bees
(h) Judge bee
Answer:
(a) King/Emperor bee – supervises the building of the beehive
(b) Magistrate bees – do corrective work
(c) Merchant bees – go out to trade for nectar
(d) Soldier bees – loot nectar from flowers and protect the hive
(e) Mason bees – build the hive
(f) Civilian bees – make honey from nectar
(g) Porter bees – carry the nectar brought by the other bees
(h) Judge bee – delivers his sentence

2. Complete the following choosing the appropriate option:

Question 1.
Human beings can learn from honey bees _________.
(i) How to make food
(ii) how to live joyfully
(iii) how to lead an organized nation
Answer:
how to lead an organized nation

Question 2.
The soldier-bees carry home _______.
(i) the velvet buds
(ii) nector, looted from flowers
(iii) their weapons
Answer:
nector, looted from flowers

Question 3.
The emperor-bee supervises the building of _________.
(i) the beehive
(ii) bridges
(iii) a tower
Answer:
the beehive

Question 4.
The ________ bees make honey from nectar
(i) officers
(ii) civilian citizens
(iii) magistrates
Answer:
civilian citizens

Question 5.
The drone is given a death sentence because he _______.
(i) attacked the emperor
(ii) killed other bees
(iii) does not do any work
Answer:
does not do any work

3. A. Complete the phrases using words from the poem:

(i) _______ march
Answer:
merry march

(ii) ________ tent
Answer:
royal tent

(iii) ________masons
Answer:
singing masons

(iv) ________ porters
Answer:
poor porters

(v) ________ burdens
Answer:
heavy burdens

(vi) ________ executors
Answer:
pale executors

3. B.
(i) Find any two Alliterative lines.
Answer:
Which pillage they with merry march bring home.Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘m’.
The civil citizens kneading up the honey. Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘c’.

(ii) Pick out the line that contains an Onomatopoetic word.
Answer:
The singing masons building roofs of gold. The word ‘singing’ indicates sound.

3. C.Pick out three tines that create an Imuqe In your mind of bees, busy at work.
Answer:
(i) Make boot upon the summer’s velvet buds.
(ii) The singing masons building roofs of gold.
(iii) The civil citizens kneading up the honey.

4. A. Refer to a good dictionur which carries phonetic transcriptions printed next to words. The words below are familiar to you. Copy their phonetic transcription from the dictionary and sa it aloud us ou write. (You may take our teacher’s help, if needed)

• work
• bees
• boot
• home
• mason
• citizen
• porters

Stress – Stress is the extra force we use when pronouncing a syllable in a word.
For example: In the word ‘King-dom’ the syllable ‘king’ is stressed.
In the word re-li-gion the second syllable is stressed.
Stress upon a syllable can be shown with short vertical line above the syllable that is stressed.

4. B. Say the following words aloud and put the stress mark on the stressed syllables:

1. crea-tures
2. bur-den
3. me-cha-nic
4. e-xe-cu-tor
5. de-li-ve-ring
6. ma-gis-trate

Answer:

1. crea-tures
2. bur-den
3. me-cha-nic
4. e-xe-cu-tor
5. de-li–ve-ring
6. ma-gis-trate

5. Project:

Gather information about the following insects. Draw their images or get pictures.
On one sheet each. fix the image I picture and below it write the information. Compile these pages and make a file of ‘Insects – our friends’.
Insects: Bee / Praying mantis / Butterfly
Beetle / Wasp / Dragon-fly

Class 8 English Chapter 4.3 The Bees Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The honey bees teach us the ______.
Answer:
art of organization and living in order

Question 2.
Roofs of gold refer to _______.
Answer:
the structure of the golden beehive

Question 3.
The death sentence is given to ________.
Answer:
the drones

Question 4.
The bee-hive is being built by _________.
Answer:
the mason bees

Answer the following:

Question 1.
Where does the emperor-bee sit and what does he do?
Answer:
The emperor-bee sits in a tent and supervises the building of the bee-hive.

Question 2.
Analysis/Appreciation Of The Poem
Answer:

• Poem and poet: ‘The Bees’ by William Shakespeare.
• Theme: The organized, disciplined lives of the bees, with death penalty to those who do nothing.
• Tone: Reflective and serious: shows admiration for the organization of the bees.
• Structure and stanzas: No separate stanzas; lines of unequal length
• Rhyme and Rhythm: No rhymescheme or rhythm free verse
• Language and Imagery: Language is old English Vivid images created of the activities of the bees.
• Figures of Speech: Onomatopoeia, Alliteration, Inversion.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Match the pairs.

diversity in living things and their classification class 6 exercise Question 1.

Answer:

2. Who is the odd one out?

Question a.
Fungus, mushroom, chrysanthemum, spirogyra
Answer:
Chrysanthemum (only flowering plants)
or
Spirogyra (only aquatic plant)

Question b.
Mango, banyan, palm, chickpea
Answer:
Chickpea (shrub, others are not)
or
Palm (tall tree without any branches, others have branches)

Question c.
Grape, orange, lemon, hibiscus
Answer:
Grape (only creeper, others are not)
or
Hibiscus (flower, others are fruits)

Question d.
Sunflower, banyan, jowar, bajra
Answer:
Banyan (perinnial, others are not)

Question e.
Guava, radish, carrot, beetroot
Answer:
Gauva (fruit, others are roots)

Question f.
Deer, fish, man, worms
Answer:
Worms (invertebrate, others are not)
or
Fish (aquatic animal, others are terristrial animals

3. What is the difference?

Question a.
Flowering plant and Non-flowering plant
Answer:

Question b.
A Tree and a Shrub
Answer:

Question c.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Answer:

4. True or false?

Question a.
The snail is an aquatic animal.
Answer:
False

Question b.
Amphibians can live in air and in water.
Answer:
False

Question c.
The function of the brain is well developed in vertebrate.
Answer:
True

Question d.
The amoeba is a multicellular animal.
Answer:
False

5. Write two names of each. 

Question a.
A flowering plant
Answer:
Rose, hibiscus

Question b.
A non-flowering plant
Answer:
Fern, algae

Question c.
A tree
Answer:
Mango, banyan

Question d.
A shrub
Answer:
Oleander, hibiscus

Question e.
A creeper
Answer:
Pumpkin, watermelon

Question f.
An annual plant
Answer:
Jowar, sunflower

Question g.
A biennial plant
Answer:
Carrot, beetroot

Question h.
A perennial plant
Answer:
Mango, gulmohar

6. Write answers to the following. 

Question a.
What are the parts of a plant?
Answer:
The parts of a plant are: root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruit and seed.

Question b.
What are the functions of root?
Answer:
The functions of root are:

1. The root hold the soil firmly and anchor the plant.
2. They absorb water, salt and minerals from the soil and transport it to stem.
3. Some roots store food. e.g. Carrot, radish.

Question c.
Why is it necessary to classify living things?
Answer:

1. There is a great diversity in living things- both plants and animals on the earth.
2. In order to identify them and to study their characteristics, systematic classification is necessary.

Question d.
What are the criteria used to classify living things?
Answer:
Following are the criteria used to classify living things:
a. Plants:

• Mode of nutrition.
• Similarities and differences in structure.
• Presence of flowers or not.
• Period of life cycles.
• Habitat.

b. Animals:

• Cell structure.
• Presence of vertebral column.
• Method of reproduction.
• Habitat.

Question e.
Tell some characteristics of creepers.
Answer:
The characteristics of creepers are:

1. The stem of a creeper is very flexible, soft and green and need support to climb.
2. Some climbers spread on the ground, e.g. Pumpkin
3. Some have aerial roots, e.g. Money plant
4. Some climbers develop tendrils, e.g. Cucumber

Question f.
Explain the characteristics of herbs with examples.
Answer:

1. Herbs grow 1 to 1.5 m tall.
2. Their stem is green and quite flexible.
3. They may live for a few months or upto two years, e.g. Tulsi, oregano, etc.

Question g.
How is the body of animals protected?
Answer:
Body of animals are protected by special covering such as skins, feathers, scales, hair fur, etc.

Question h.
On the basis of which criteria will you classify plants and animals?
Answer:

7. Draw figures. 

Question a.
Draw the figure of a plant to show the parts, namely, the root, stem and leaves in it.
Answer:

Activity:

Question 1.
Visit a plant nursery and classify the plants there.

Question 2.
Visit a zoo and obtain information about the diversity in animals.

Question 3.
Write an essay on diversity in plants.

Question 4.
Collect seeds of various plants during summer and throw them in open spaces (fallow land, moorland, hill, etc.) during the rainy season.

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Plants that can prepare their own food are called ………….. plants.
Answer:
autotrophic

Question 2.
Pitcher plants are ………….. .
Answer:
insectivorous

Question 3.
The ………….. is an important means of reproduction.
Answer:
flower

Question 4.
Animals that lay eggs are ………….. animals.
Answer:
oviparous

Question 5.
Animals that can live on land as well as water are called ………….. .
Answer:
amphibians

Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
The ………….. is a perennial.
(a) beetroot
(b) gulmohar
(c) grass
Answer:
(b) gulmohar

Question 2.
The sunflower is a / an ………….. plant.
(a) annual
(b) biennial
(c) perennial
Answer:
(a) annual

Question 3.
Cactus is a ………….. plant.
(a) land
(b) water
(c) desert
Answer:
(c) desert

Question 4.
The …………….. is a unicellular animal.
(a) cockroach
(b) snail
(c) paramoecium
Answer:
(c) paramoecium

Question 5.
Hen is a …………….. animal.
(a) oviparous
(b) viviparous
(c) none of above
Answer:
(b) oviparous

Question 6.
Earthworm is a / an ……………. animal.
(a) vertebrate
(b) invertebrate
(c) unicellular
Answer:
(b) invertebrate

True or False:

Question 1.
The pods of beans and peas are actually fruits.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Fungus is heterotrophic.
Answer:
True

Write two names of each.

Question 1.
An invertebrate animal
Answer:
Earthworm, cockroach

Question 2.
An oviparous animal.
Answer:
Hen, sparrow

Distinguish between:

Question 1.
Autotrophic plant and Heterotrophic plant
Answer:

Classify as directed.

Question 1.
Into annual, biennial, perennial
Sunflower, carrot, bajra, mango, jowar, oleander, beetroot, coconut
Answer:

Question 2.
Into vertebrates and invertebrates
Fish, cat, earthworm, snail, hen, cockroach
Answer:

Define. 

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity In Living Things and Their Classification Question 1.
Unicellular animal
Answer:
Animals which have a single cell body performing all functions, are called unicellular animals, e.g. Amoeba

Diversity In Living Things And Their Classification Exercise Question 2.
Multicellular animals
Answer:
Animals which have many cells in their body, are called multicellular animals, e.g. Cat

Diversity In Living Things and Their Classification Question 3.
Vertebrates
Answer:
Animals with vertebral column are called vertebrates, e.g. Man

Question 4.
Invertebrate animals
Answer:
Animals without vertebrate column are called invertebrate animals, e.g. Earthworm

Question 5.
Oviparous animals
Answer:
Animals which lay eggs and hatch them are called oviparous animals, e.g. Hen

Question 6.
Viviparous animals
Answer:
Animals which give birth to their young ones are called viviparous animals, e.g. Dog

Answer the following:

Question 1.
Give the functions of:
Answer:
a. Stem:
1. The stem gives support to the other parts of the plant.
2. The stem carries out the function of production, conduction and storage of the food.
3. In some cases it stores food.
b. Leaves: They play an important role in the production of food.
c. Flowers: The flowers are reproductive organ of plant.
d. Fruits: Fruits have seeds which give rise to new plant.
e. Seeds: From the seeds arise new plants.

Answer the following in short.

Question 1.
What type of plants are toolstools and mushrooms?
Answer:
Toolstools and mushrooms are heterotrophs.

Question 2.
What type of plant is a fig?
Answer:
Fig is a tree.

Question 3.
Do ferns, algae and money plant bear flowers?
Answer:
Ferns, algae and money plants do not bear flowers. They are non-flowering plants.

Question 4.
Which is the largest flower and where is it found?
Answer:
Rafflesia Arnoldi is the world’s largest flower. It is found in Indonesia.

Question 5.
Where does pomegranate grow?
Answer:
Pomegranate is a shrub which grows on land in soil.

Question 6.
Where do bulrushes and railroad creepers grow?
Answer:
Bulrushes is a water plant and railroad creepers grow along the ground.

Question 7.
Where does lotus grow?
Answer:
Lotus grows in water.

Question 8.
Where does the dodder plant grow?
Answer:
Dodder is a parasitic plant and grows on other plants.

Question 9.
Why does water hyacinth float?
Answer:
The stem of water hyacinth is filled with air and its leaves are specially modified, which helps it to float in water.

Question 10.
Why is the stem of a cactus plant fleshy?
Answer:
Cactus is a desert plant. As there is a shortage of water, cactus stores water in its stem and hence, stem of cactus is fleshy.

Question 11.
Which spheres of the earth do living things exist?
Answer:
Living things exists in all three spheres of earth, i.e. Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere.

Question 12.
Are the plants and animals that you have seen all alike?
Answer:
No. They are all of different types.

Question 13.
What are the similarities between a mango, a banyan and a tamarind tree?
Answer:
They are tall, big and perennial plants.

Question 14.
What are the similarities between the hibiscus, oleander and lantana plants?
Answer:
They are shorter and smaller than trees.

Question 15.
What are the similarities between fenugreek and periwinkle plants?
Answer:
They are smaller and shorter than trees and shrubs.

Question 16.
Have you seen vines like the pumpkin, the railroad creeper, kavali, watermelon or the grapvine? How do they grow?
Answer:
They have very soft, green and flexible stem. They grow with the help of a support.

Question 17.
For how many years do crops like bajra, wheat, corn, radish, marigold live?
Answer:
They live for about one year.

Question 18.
To which part of plants are butterflies and insects attracted?
Answer:
Butterflies and insects are attracted towards the flower of the plants.

Question 19.
What is the chain of bones in the centre of our back called?
Answer:
A vertibral column.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 1.1 A Time To Believe Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 1.1 A Time To Believe

Class 8 English Chapter 1.1 A Time To Believe Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up:

Question 1.
Think, choose and fill up the labels with what a ‘sunrise’ symbolizes.
(jewellery / art / hope / birth / anger / new opportunities / good manners / inspiration/ new achievements / happiness / misery / bright moments / new aims / money / newsurprises)

Answer:

Question 2.
An acrostic is a poem or a write up in which the first letter of each line forms a word, when it is read vertically. Complete the acrostics of BELIEVE and FAITH.

With your benchmate / group, complete the acrostic of BELIEVE and FAITH.
Answer:

1.A. Rearrange the letters to make meaningful words, occurring in the poem.

1. clearmis
2. sowmid
3. tabyue
4. madres
5. laveu
6. downre

Answer:

1. miracles
2. wisdom
3. beauty
4. dreams
5. value
6. wonder

1.B. Write words from the poem that describe the following.

1. sky
2. heart
3. hand
4. beginning

Answer:

1. stardust sky
2. nurturing heart
3. aging hand
4. new beginning

2. Say WHY. . . . .

Question a.
________ the sky has a magical quality.
Answer:
The sky has a magical quality because it has scurrying clouds, twinkling stars and a beautiful moon.

Question b.
_______ even an aging hand has beauty.
Answer:
because it can teach us how to love.

Question c.
_______we should believe that we are strong and courageous.
Answer:
We should believe that we are | strong and courageous so that we can recover after we have gone through difficulties and shocks, and return to our normal lives again.

3. Make a list of any six things that the poet wants us to accept as true.
Answer:
The poet wants us to accept as j true the following things :

• that we have the strength and ( courage to get back to normal after a setback
• that we are never alone
• that life is a gift we must cherish
• that there are wonderful surprises in store for us
• that all our hopes and dreams are within reach
• that great things will happen if we have belief in life and in ourselves

4. Find from the poem, positive qualities to fill up the web.

Answer:

5. Read the lines below.
(A) ‘To believe is to see angels dancing among the clouds’.
The above line contain a human characteristic ‘dancing’ given to something
non – human, ‘angels’. The Figure of Speech used in the line is called
‘Personification’.

(B) ‘To believe is to know that
Everyday is a new beginning’.

(C) To believe is to know ………. life is a gift
Lines in poetry, such as the above, state a general truth and can be used as sayings or
quotes etc. They contain the Figure of Speech called Epigram.
Epigram closely resembles a proverb.

Find from the poem three other examples of Epigram.
Answer:
(i) ‘To believe is to find the strength and courage that lies within us.’
(ii) ‘To believe is to know we are never alone, that life is a gift.’
(iii) ‘To believe is to know that wonderful surprises are just waiting to happen.’
(These lines state a general truth.)

6. Divide the class into 5 groups. Each group can prepare a decorative chart / poster using an epigrammatic lines from the poem. You may use calligraphy / painting / or Paint programme on a computer. (With permission, put up these charts in your school.)

Class 8 English Chapter 1.1 A Time To Believe Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the following:

Question 1.
One should know and trust _______.
Answer:
One should know and trust that every day is a new beginning, that miracles happen and dreams really do come true.

Question 2.
The two supernatural references in the second stanza _______.
Answer:
The two supernatural references in the second stanza are to angels and to the man in the moon.

Activities based on Poetic Devices/Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out an example of Personification from the extract.
Answer:
‘To believe is to see angels dancing among the clouds.’ (Here, the angels have been given the human quality of ‘dancing’.)

Question 2.
Pick out examples of Alliteration from the extract.
Answer:
(i) …. and the wisdom of the man in the moon’. (Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘m’.)
(ii) For it is through their teachings, we learn to love. (Repetition of the sound of the letters ‘t’ and T.)

Question 3.
Pick out an example of Repetition from the extract.
Answer:
The words ‘To believe is to ….’ are repeated at the beginning of each stanza. This provides emphasis to the message in the poem and gives rhythm to the stanzas.

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The two qualities that are needed to recover after a shocking event are _________.
Answer:
strength and courage.

Question 2.
The poet advises everybody to ______.
Answer:
have a positive attitude.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Explain why ….
…. we should believe that we are strong and courageous,
Answer:
We should believe that we are strong and courageous so that we can recover after we have gone through difficulties and shocks, and return to our normal lives again.

Activities based on Poetic Devices/Vocabulary :

Question 1.
Rearrange the letters to form meaningful words occurring in the extract.

1. gearuoc
2. rissupser
3. gnehtrts
4. irehchs

Answer:

1. courage
2. surprises
3. strength
4. cherish

Question 2.
Write word from the extract that describe the following :
surprises
Answer:
wonderful surprises

Question 3.
Pick out an example of Metaphor from the extract.
Answer:
‘That life is a gift.’ Life is implicitly compared to a gift.

Question 4.
Pick out an example of Repetition from the extract.
Answer:
The words ‘To believe is to ….’ are repeated at the beginning of each stanza. This provides emphasis to the message in the poem and gives rhythm to the stanzas.

Question 5.
Analysis/Appreciation Of The Poem ‘A Time To Believe’
Answer:
Poem and poet: ‘A Time to Believe’ by B.J. Morbitzer.
Theme: To believe in ourselves and to have a positive and optimistic attitude towards life.
Tone: Serious and inspirational.
Structure and stanzas: 4 lines in each stanza, except in the last stanza, which has 5 lines.
Rhyme and Rhythm: No rhyme scheme; the poem is written in free verse.
Language and Imagery: The language is simple and direct. The only instances of Imagery are of ‘angels dancing among the clouds’ and the ‘stardust sky’.
Figures of Speech: Personification, Epigram, Repetition, Metaphor.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Science Solutions Chapter 19 Properties of a Magnetic Field Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Science Solutions Chapter 19 Properties of a Magnetic Field

Class 7 Science Chapter 19 Properties of a Magnetic Field Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write the appropriate terms in the blanks:

Question a.
The alloys called …………. and …………. are used for making industrial magnets.
Answer:
alnico, Nipermag

Question b.
A magnetic field can pass through ………… and …………. .
Answer:
cardboard, bottle

Question c.
The intensity of a magnetic field is indicated by the lines of …………. .
Answer:
force

Question d.
The real test of a magnet is ……………… .
Answer:
repulsion

2. With whom should I pair up?

Question a.

Answer:

3. Write answers to the following questions:

Question a.
Distinguish between the two methods of making artificial magnets
Answer:

Question b.
Which substances are used for making electromagnets?
Answer:
The substances used for making electromagnets are, an iron nail, insulated copper wire, one or more batteries and a pair of wire strippers.

Question c.
Write a note on magnetic field
Answer:

1. The region around a magnet where the magnetic force acts on an object is called a magnetic field.
2. The magnetic field around a magnet can be shown by means of magnetic lines of force.
3. The intensity of the magnetic field can be obtained from the number of lines of force.
4. The intensity of a magnetic field is low where the lines of force are sparse and the intensity is high where the lines of force are concentrated.
5. A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials.
6. The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both the direction and the magnitude.
7. Magnetic fields are produced by electric current.

Question d.
Why is a magnetic needle used in a compass?
Answer:

1. The magnetic compass is the most familiar compass type.
2. It functions as a pointer to magnetic ‘north’ the local magnetic meridian, because the magnetized needle at its heart aligns itself with the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field.
3. A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal direction.

Question e.
Explain with the help of a diagram how the intensity and direction of the magnetic field of a bar magnet can be determined.
Answer:

1. The region around a magnet where the magnetic force acts on an object is called a magnetic field.
2. The magnetic field around a magnet can be shown by means of magnetic lines of force.
3. The intensity of the magnetic field can be obtained from the number of lines of force.
4. The intensity of a magnetic field is low where the lines of force are sparse and the intensity is high where the lines of force are concentrated.
5. A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials.
6. The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both the direction and the magnitude.
7. Magnetic fields are produced by electric current.

4. Give detailed information about how the merchants of olden times used a magnet while travelling.

Question a.
Give detailed information about how the merchants of olden times used a magnet while travelling.
Answer:

1. The merchants of older times used a magnet whose north-south side was known.
2. When the magnet is freely suspended, the north pole of the magnet settles in the direction of the geographic north pole of the earth.
3. This is how the merchants come to know the directions while travelling.
4. The idea for using loadstone in a compass first appeared in China.
5. The first compass were made of loadstone, a naturally magnetised ore of iron.
6. The Chinese used “south pointing spoon” which when thrown upon the ground comes to rest pointing at the south.
7. Then the transition was made from loadstone spoons to iron needles.
8. In the medieval period a magnetic needle in the shape of a fish, floating in the bowl of water was used as a compass, pointing south.
9. It was called floating compass.
10. In the twentieth century, liquid filled magnetic compass began to appear.
11. There is a lesser known compass called dry mariners compass.

Project:

Question a.
Obtain information about the function of metal detectors.

Class 7 Science Chapter 19 Properties of a Magnetic Field Important Questions and Answers

Write the appropriate terms in the blanks:

Question 1.
The magnetic lines of force always run from the north pole to the ……………. .
Answer:
south pole

Question 2.
The unit of magnetic field strength is …………….. .
Answer:
A/M (Amperes per metre)

Question 3.
The earth behaves like a giant ………… .
Answer:
barmagnet

Question 4.
The ……………. properties of magnetic field was proposed by scientist
Answer:
Michael Faraday

Question 5.
The region around a magnet where the magnetic force acts on an object is called the …………. .
Answer:
magnetic field

Question 6.
The ……………. of the magnetic field can be obtained from the number of lines of force.
Answer:
strength

Question 7.
The function of the metal detector is based on ………… .
Answer:
electromagnets

Question 8.
The magnetism is ………….. in the case of an electromagnet.
Answer:
temporary

Match the following:

Question 1.

Answer:

Write True or False correct and rewrite the false statements:

Question 1.
Material alnico is a mixture of aluminium, nickel and iron.
Answer:
False. Alnico is an alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt

Question 2.
Nipermag is alloy of iron, nickel, cobalt.
Answer:
False. Nipermag is an alloy of iron, nickel, aluminium and titanium

Question 3.
The magnetic force is concentrated at the centre of the magnet.
Answer:
False. The magnetic force is concentrated at the poles of the magnet.

Question 4.
Magnetism of electromagnet is permanent.
Answer:
False. Magnetism of electromagnet is temporary

Question 5.
Like poles attract each other and unlike poles repel each other.
Answer:
False. Like poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other

Question 6.
Two poles of a magnet cannot be separated from each other.
Answer:
True.

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
In which direction does a freely suspended magnet settle?
Answer:
The north pole of a freely suspended magnet settles in the direction of the geographic north pole of the earth. It settles in north-south direction.

Question 2.
Write any two functions of metal detectors.
Answer:

1. Metal detectors are used in very important places like an airport, bus station, certain temples and buildings to inspect those who are entering these places.
2. To detect very precious articles.

Question 3.
Which magnetic poles attract each other?
Answer:
Opposite magnetic poles attract each other.

Question 4.
What metals are used for making magnets?
Answer:

1. Magnets are made from alloys of iron, cobalt and nickel.
2. Nipermag is an alloy made up of iron, nickel, aluminium and titanium whereas alnico is an alloy made up of aluminium, nickel and cobalt.

Give scientific reasons:

Question 1.
Earth is called as a gigantic magnet.
Answer:

1. The earth is called as a gigantic magnet because north pole of a freely suspended magnet always settles in the direction of the geographic north pole of the earth.
2. It means that the South pole of some gigantic magnet must be near the geographic north pole of that magnet, near the geographic south pole of the earth.
3. Gilbert inferred from this that the earth itself is a gigantic magnet.

Question 2.
A bar magnet kept on the cardboard arranges the iron fillings in line.
Answer:

1. A bar magnet kept on the cardboard arranges the iron fillings in line because of the ‘magnetic lines of force’.
2. These magnetic lines gauge the intensity of the bar magnet.
3. The intensity of the magnetic field is low where the lines of force are sparse and the intensity is high where the lines of force are concentrated.
4. Therefore, the iron fillings arrange themselves according to intensity of the magnetic lines of force.

Write short note on:

Question 1.
Functions of metal detector.
Answer:

1. A metal detector is an electronic instrument which detects the presence of metals nearby.
2. The function of these machines is based on electromagnets.
3. Metal detectors are useful for finding metal inclusions hidden within objects, or metal objects buried underground.
4. They often consist of a handheld unit with a sensor probe which can be swept over the ground or other objects.
5. Metal detectors in the food manufacturing industry are used to detect and eliminate threats of metal contaminants in food.
6. Metal detectors are used in very important places like an airport, bus station, temples, hospitals, railway stations, theaters, malls.
7. They are used for inspection of persons entering these places.
8. In geology, these machines are used to detect the presence and quantity of metals.

Question 2.
Write down the characteristics of magnets.
Answer:

1. A freely suspended magnet settles in the north- south direction always.
2. Magnets attract objects of iron, cobalt and nickel.
3. The force of attraction of a magnet is greater at its poles than in the middle.
4. Like poles of two magnets repel each other.
5. Opposite poles of two magnets attract each other.
6. If a bar magnet is suspended by a thread and if it is free to rotate its south pole will move towards the north pole of the earth.

Question 3.
Characteristic of magnetic lines of force
Answer:

1. Magnetic lines of force start from the north pole and end at the south pole.
2. They are continuous through the body of magnet. These are imaginary lines.
3. Magnetic lines of force can pass through iron more easily than air
4. The number of magnetic lines force determines the strength of the magnetic field at a particular point.
5. Two magnetic lines of force do not intersect each other.
6. They contract longitudinally and expand laterally.

Can you tell?

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Why does freely suspended magnet always settle in the north-south direction?
Answer:

1. Gilbert gave a scientific explanation that earth itself is a gigantic magnet.
2. The north pole of a freely suspended magnet settles in the direction of the geographic north pole of the earth since unlike poles attract.
3. It means that the south pole of some gigantic magnet must be near the geographic north pole of the earth.
4. In other words, the thing we call Earth’s geographic north pole is actually the south pole of the magnet inside the earth.
5. That is why a freely suspended magnet always settles in geographic north-south attracted by opposite poles of the earth as a great magnet.

Question 2.
Which magnetic poles attract each other?
Answer:
Opposite magnet poles attract each other.

Question 3.
Which pole of a spherical magnet will get attracted towards the south pole of the bar magnet?
Answer:
The north pole of the spherical magnet will get attracted towards the south pole of the bar magnet.

Question 4.
Why does a bar magnet kept at a distance doesn’t attract pins?
Answer:

1. The region around the magnet where the magnetic force acts is known as the magnetic field.
2. It has its influence over a certain distance where these magnetic lines of force act.
3. As these pins are outside this area of influence, a bar magnet does not attract those pins which are at a distance.

Question 5.
What is an electromagnet?
Answer:

1. A soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it is called an electromagnet.
2. An electromagnet is a magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by electricity.
3. The strength of an electromagnet can easily be changed by changing the amount of electric current that flows through it.
4. The poles of an electromagnet can even be reversed by reversing the flow of electricity.
5. An electromagnet works because an electric current produces a magnetic field.
6. The magnetic field produced by electric current forms circles around the electric current.
7. The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off.

Question 6.
How can an electromagnet be made?
Answer:

1. It is easy to make an electromagnet. To make an electromagnet we needs an iron nail of 10 cm length 1 metre long insulated copper wire, a battery cell, pins.
2. Neatly wrap some insulated copper wire around an iron nail.
3. The more wires you wrap around the nail, the stronger will be the electromagnet.
4. Attach a battery to the wire, an electric current will begin to flow and the iron nail will become magnetised.
5. When the battery is disconnected the iron nail will lose its magnetism.

Use your brainpower!

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Which direction will a magnetic needle show on the geographic north pole?
Answer:
North, all magnetic needle will show north direction.

Question 2.
Is magnetic force a vector or a scalar quantity?
Answer:

1. It is a vector quantity. Because a magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric current and magnetic materials.
2. The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both direction and magnitude as such it is represented by a vector field.

Question 3.
What is meant by magnetic force?
Answer:

1. The magnetic force, is a consequence of the electromagnet force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature.
2. It occurs whenever objects interact in which there is charge in motion, eg. compass, a motor.
3. Magnetic force is an attraction or repulsion that arises between electrically charged particles because of their motion.

Question 4.
How does a magnetic force act without direct contact?
Answer:
Magnetic force acts without even direct contact because of the penetrating ability of the magnetic field.

Question 5.
What is the difference between the gravitational force and magnetic force?
Answer:

Question 6.
Why is repulsion the real test for identifying a magnet?
Answer:
A magnet can attract the opposite pole of the magnet as well as magnetic substances (iron, cobalt, nickel).
So if a magnet attracts another object, we cannot say that other object is a magnet or a magnetic substance.
But if the magnet repels the object then we can surely say that the other object is a magnet because like poles of magnets repel each other.

Question 7.
How will you find a magnet from among the various articles given to you?
Answer:

1. Magnet has the property to attract things made of iron, cobalt, nickel.
2. A magnet has magnetic field which is invisible but it has the property of attracting, pulling other
3. ferromagnetic material such as iron, cobalt and nickle.
4. So if we bring any iron, nickle objects near it, they will be pulled toward the magnet.
5. The real test is repulsion.
6. The article which shows repulsion when one of the poles of a magnet is brought near is surely a magnet.

Find out:

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Why does the magnetic needle of a compass not settle parallel to the ground but at an angle to it?
Answer:

1. Freely suspended magnet does not point to north, but aligns to earth’s magnetic field axially ie – north-south.
2. The magnetic pole of the earth is different from true north (geographic north) because the magnetic north is constantly changing.
3. It leads to a margin of error called declination in which there is an angle of difference (11.51)° between Magnetic North and True North.
4. That is the reason the magnetic needle does not settle parallel to the ground.

Observe the diagrams and answer the questions given below:

Question 1.
Name the methods shown.
Answer:
Single touch and Double touch methods of magnetising a steel bar.

Question 2.
Give 2 points of difference between the methods.
Answer: