Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.4 Upon Westminster Bridge Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 English Yuvakbharati Solutions Chapter 2.4 Upon Westminster Bridge

11th English Digest Chapter 2.4 Upon Westminster Bridge Textbook Questions and Answers

Question (i)
A bridge connects people at either side of a river or valleys in cities or villages. Discuss the importance of a bridge to both the cities and the villages.
Answer:

Question (ii)
Building a bridge needs careful planning. Think about what goes on before the actual construction begins.
Answer:

1. 1. Proper planning
   2. Get the plan approved by the authority
   3. Draw design
   4. Selection of a capable and qualified builder
   5. Availability of funds

Question (iii)
You might have visited a bridge. Complete the web describing the sights you could see from the bridge.

Answer:

(A1)

Question 1.
For preparing questions based on the poem, overall understanding of the poem is a must. Prepare a set of five questions.
Answer:
(a) What is the name of the bridge?
(b) Who is a ‘dull’ soul?
(c) What is the time of the day?
(d) How does London look form Westminster Bridge?
(e) What are the man-made constructions?
(f) Why does the sky look bright and glittering?
(g) How is the river flowing?
(h) How do the houses appear?
(i) Why does the poet feel so amazed?
(j) Why does the poet address God?

(A2)

(i) Choose the correct alternative for the given lines. Focus on the inference of the poet.

Question (a)
‘Earth has not anything to show more fair’:
The line means –
1. The poet thinks that the place was not so good.
2. The poet thinks that there is another place which is more beautiful than this.
3. The poet thinks that there is no place on the earth which is as beautiful as this one.
Answer:
The poet thinks that there is no place on the earth which is as beautiful as this one.

Question (b)
‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by’
The line means –
1. One can walk over the bridge and ignore the surrounding beauty.
2. One can halt at the place to enjoy the beauty.
3. Anyone with an appreciative mind would not be able to ignore the beauty.
Answer:
Anyone with an appreciative mind would not be able to ignore the beauty.

Question (ii)
‘Earth has not anything to show more fair.’
This line expresses the poet’s feelings. The sight he saw from the bridge is beautiful. There are a few more lines similar to the above. Find them and discuss what they express.
Answer:
(a) ‘Earth has not anything to show more fair:
Dull would he be of soul who could pass by
A sight so touching in its majesty:’
The poet appreciates the fairness and majestic appearance of the sight he sees in front of him.

(b) ‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by’
The poet is so confident of the beauty of the sight that he feels only a ‘dull soul’ is capable of missing the splendour of the sight.

(c) ‘This city now doth, like a garment, wear.’
This line vividly shows how the poet sees the city as a lady who is constantly changing the attire.

(d) ‘All bright and glittering in the smokeless air’
The beauty of the morning, according to the poet, is so breathtaking because pollution has not yet spread its ugly wing over the city.

(e) ‘The river glideth at his own sweet will’
The poet personifies the river by giving it its own will to move smoothly to co-operate with the calm nature.

(f) ‘Never did sun more beautifully steep
In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill;’
The poet feels that the beauty of London early in the morning even surpasses the beauty he has experienced in valley, rock or hill.

Question (iii)
The poem creates a delightful picture of the city, rich in its natural beauty. Pick out the lines from the poem which give the pictorial effect to the poem. Write it in your own words,
Answer:
(a) A sight so touching in its majesty
The grandness of the scene touches the nature lover poet.
(b) ‘This city now doth, like a garment, wear’.
The beauty of the city in the morning is so unexpected to the poet that he picturises the city wearing a different attire.
(c) ‘The beauty of the morning; silent, bare’
The reader can feel the calmness of the city along with the poet.
(d) ‘All bright and glittering in the smokeless air’
The beauty of the morning is so apparent because of the pollution-free air which makes the sun look brighter.
(e) ‘The river glideth at his own sweet will’
The smooth flow of the river can be visualized.
(f) ‘And all that mighty heart is lying still’
The busy city is lying silent early in the morning.

(A3)

Question 1.
Find out words and phrases which describe the following.
Answer:

(A4)

Question 1.
Read the line.
Answer:
1. Simile – ‘This city now doth, like a garment wear’.
Direct comparison between the manner in which the beauty of the city in the morning settles over the city to a garment on a body.

2. Metaphor – ‘all that mighty heart is lying still’
The city is represented by metaphor of the heart.
‘the very houses seem asleep’
Indirect comparison of houses to a creature that sleeps.
‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by’
Indirect reference to a person whose soul has been worn out by time and experience.

3. Inversion – ‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by.’
The order of words are changed for poetic effect.
Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm, so deep!
The order of words are changed for poetic effect.

4. Personification – ‘This city now doth, like a garment, wear’
The city is personified.
‘Never did sun more beautifully steep / In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill”
The sun is personified
‘The river glideth at his own sweet will’
The river is personified
. ‘the very houses seem asleep’
The houses are personified.
‘all that mighty heart is lying still’
The city is personified by giving it a heart.

5. Hyperbole – “Earth has not anything to show more fair’
No sight is more beautiful than the view from the Westminster bridge — An exaggerated statement ‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by’
The sentence has been exaggerated for poetic effect ‘Never did sun more beautifully steep’
The sentence has been exaggerated for poetic effect.

6. Paradox – ‘A sight so touching in it’s majesty’
A contradictory statement because a touching sight is intimate and personal but a majestic sight is grand and public.
‘The beauty of the morning; silent, bare’
A confusing statement since the city is soaked in beauty, but is ‘bare’
‘all that mighty heart is lying still’
A paradoxical statement of the ‘mighty hearts’ lying inactive – the poet presents the final image of tranquility and silence.

7. Transferred epithet –
‘And all that mighty heart is lying still’
The epithet ‘mighty’ is transferred from the people to the city.

8. Apostrophe – ‘Dear God!…’ The poet addresses God, the creator of all beauty upon earth to express his sincere gratitude.

Question (iii)
The poem is a Petrarchan Sonnet. Complete the given table by giving examples from the poem.
Answer:

Question (iv)
Write 5 lines about the place where you reside and what makes you feel proud about it.
Answer:
I stay in Mumbai, the maximum city. My city is always buzzing with activities and that makes it one of the liveliest cities in the world as it is very often said, ‘Mumbai never sleeps’. I love everything about Mumbai, but what I enjoy the most is to sit at Marine Drive, watching the majestic Arabian sea. Mumbai street foods like vada pav, pav bhaji, etc., are mouth-watering. Who can ignore Mumbai’s Film Industry popularly known as ‘Bollywood’. Critics may take about Mumbai traffic, pollution etc., but I am in awe of ‘Aamchi Mumbai’.

(A5)

Question (i)
There is a common belief that cities have always flourished only after human intrusion over nature. Write a speech expressing your opinion about it.
Answer:
Respected dignitaries on the dias, the judges and my dear friends, A very good afternoon to all of you. Today, I am going to talk about ‘Flourishing of cities because of human intrusion over nature.’

The other day’ I read a news report about a leopard entering the IIT Campus at Powai and was sitting at the door of an apartment. It is scary indeed! But have we ever thought why this animal has to come out of his natural habitat to enter into human territory? Yes, you have guessed right. We have intruded in the animal’s territory. We have built beautiful houses for ourselves amidst a natural surrounding but with all modern amenities. In the process, we have snatched from the wild animals their places for survival.

Friends, I do agree, modern cities have lost to offer. We are making bigger cities but are aware of the fact that we are getting disconnected from nature. And this reduced access to nature is causing enormous amount of problems, the major among them are diseases, mental strain, etc. The kids, who do not have enough time and space to lead a natural life are the worst victims.

Cities are flourishing but friends, how many megacities have been formed without disturbing the nature? This is due to absolute irresponsible in action to environmental problems. You and I are totally unconcerned about the intrusion in the world of nature. But, still there is no reason to lose hope.

Of course there are remedies, but we need to learn to appreciate nature first. Buildings need to have sufficient number of windows to allow fresh air and light, rooftop gardens, creation of spaces within and around the building to touch, smell and nurture plants. But all these require thoughtful planning of the cities where peaceful co-existence with nature is possible. For this we need to be sensitive towards the ecosystem, public health and sympathetic towards animal population.

I hope, in a short span of time, I have been able to make you all think about a serious problem of the modern world. I thank all the authorities for giving me a chance to talk on a topic so close to my heart and I am also grateful to all of you for your patient hearing.

Question (ii)
Compose a poem on an imaginary village. Try to maintain the rhyme-scheme of the first four lines of the poem given to you,
Answer:
Settled on the bank of river,
Like a queen,
Is my beautiful village,
Full of bushes green.
The river flows,
In zig zag course.
The village belles carry water,
From their only source.
Their giggle and chat,
Fill the open air.
Mix with children chanting numbers,
In schools, loud and clear.

Question (iii)
Write an appreciation of the sonnet.
Answer:
William Wordsworth, one of the most famous romantic poet, a great lover of nature, wrote the poem ‘Upon Westminster Bridge’ while crossing over the famous bridge on the Thames river, with his sister, to go out of town.

The title of the poem is significant as it directly takes the readers to the place where the poet is inspired by the beauty of London city early in the morning. It immediately connects the readers with the content of the poem.

The theme of the poem is basically to admire the peace and calmness all around the city of London at dawn before the busy city wakes up to its daily routine activities. The skyline of the city is clearly visible and is glittering in bright sunlight as the morning is absolutely pollution free. To make the impression of the city at that moment clearer to the readers, the poet compares it to a lady who has currently changed her attire. There is a remarkable balance between nature and man-made structures like ships, domes, theatres, temples and co-existence has made the London landscape to be at its best.

The poet is awe-struck as he is not familiar with the scene. So he is confident to make a comment about a dull person who only can think of missing this chance of enjoyment and leave it for some other time. For Wordsworth, he is enjoying to his heart’s content the breathtaking beauty which is even more attractive than valley, rock or hill, the natural landscape which he has enjoyed so far. The sleeping city appears majestic as he is not used to seeing London this way. Even the river is flowing on its own will as if there is no one to disturb it’s moment.

The poem is a petrarchan sonnet, having fourteen lines which are divided in two sections. Octave, which is first eight lines and sestet, the last six lines. The octave presents in detail the city of London at dawn, its specialty seen by the poet at that time of the day and the co-existence of nature with man-made constructions so beautifully lit up by the bright and glittering sunlight. In sestet, the overflowing emotion of disbelief for the calmness of the sleeping city is expressed with so much of praise that it goes to the extent of exaggeration.

The 9th Line, ‘Never did sun more beautifully steep…’ is called ‘Volta’ where the poet gives reason for his – awe and wonder. The poet uses the traditional rhyme-scheme of a petrarchan sonnet — abbaabba, cdcdcd.

The poem is a descriptive one where the poet uses his sense of sight and flair for expression to present a panoramic view of London. The simplicity and frankness of the language that is devoid of any lofty idea, make the poem pleasant.

The poem is a momentary expression of the poet’s description of the finer details of what he sees, feels, thinks at particular time of the day. It appears more beautiful because of the clarity in nature. Perhaps, on a gloomy day with overcast sky, this beauty would not have worked wonders for the poet. Fair weather brings out the inspirational awakening to the poet and he could easily pass it on the readers.

Question (iv)
Write a summary of the sonnet. Refer to the earlier poems for the points
to be covered for writing the summary.
Answer:
Refer Synopis.

Question (v)
While building a bridge, a group of people come together. They are architects, designers, engineers, officers, masons, politicians, building material suppliers, carpenters, etc. Write about the qualifications of these people. Choose any career from the list above and complete the table.
Answer:

(A6) Project:

Question 1.
Given below are a few famous bridges in India. Find out more information about them and write in your notebook.
(a) The Howrah Bridge
(b) Laxman Zhula
(c) Pamban Bridge
(d) Worli Sea Link

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.4 Upon Westminster Bridge Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The garment is compared with –
Answer:
The garment is compared with the beauty of the city of London early in the morning.

Question 2.
The morning looks beautiful because –
Answer:
The morning looks beautiful because of the calmness and peaceful atmosphere of the dawn in London city which is so soothing to the eye. Even the man-made structures along with the green fields, valleys and rocks and hills look very bright and glittering with the sunlight that falls directly on them in the absence of fog and smoke in the air. The river also flows smoothly on its own will.

Question 3.
Guess the meaning of ‘glideth’.
Answer:
‘Glideth’ is an archaic word meaning ‘moves smoothly’.

Question 4.
Guess what is referred to as ‘Mighty Heart.’
Answer:
‘Mighty Heart’ is a direct reference to the significance of the city of London which is big, powerful and man-made. The city is ‘Mighty’ when the citizens are active. But, to the poet, it appears to be asleep as it is calm and quiet at dawn. Now it is inactive and the serenity of nature has dominated its busy activities.

Comprehension:

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Prepare a set of eight questions needed for the overall understanding of the poem.
Answer:

1. Who is a ‘dull’ soul?
2. What is the time of the day?
3. How does London look from Westminster Bridge?
4. What are the man-made constructions?
5. Why does the sky look bright and glittering?
6. How is the river flowing?
7. How do the houses appear?
8. Why does the poet address God?

Inference / Interpretative / Analysis

Question 1.
Explain ‘smokeless air’.
Answer:
The city of London is a busy city with lots of activities going on throughout the day. The poet could not believe the existence of clear sky which is hardly seen in London because of pollution. But he was standing on the Westmi

Personal Response:

Question 1.
How does your city/village look early in the morning?
Answer:
I am an early riser and that is why I am familiar with the early morning scenes in my city. Dawn is the only time I can enjoy pollution-free air, breathe deeply and can have a good look at the magnificent skyline with the rising sun peeping out. But the experience is short-lived.

Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Pick an example of Inversion from the extract and explain it.
Answer:
1. Example: ‘Dull would he be of soul who could pass by.’
Explanation: The order of words are changed for poetic effect.
2. Example: Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm, so deep!
Explanation: The order of words are changed for poetic effect.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Compose poem of lines on ‘Nature’ using a rhyme scheme abba.
Answer:
Nature is our well-wisher, our friend.
Love it, enjoy it, protect it,
Be responsible not to pollute it a bit,
Nurture thy nature, all problems will end.”

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.2 The Sower Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 English Yuvakbharati Solutions Chapter 2.2 The Sower

11th English Digest Chapter 2.2 The Sower Textbook Questions and Answers

Question (i)
Make a list of words related to agriculture.
Answer:
The words related to agriculture are:
(a) Irrigation
(b) Cultivation
(c) Crop
(d) Sow
(e) Farming
(f) Farmer
(g) Pestiside
(h) Fertilizer
(i) Seeds
(j) Hybrids
(k) Farm
(l) Manure
(m) Dairy
(n) Livestock
(o) Ploughing
(p) Harvest
(q) Plant
(r) Crop rotation
(s) Animal Husbandry

Question (ii)
Discuss the activities carried out by a farmer.
Answer:

Question (iii)
In our country engineering, teaching and medical fields are much sought after. Other professions, occupations though they make a significant contribution to the society, do not get their due.
Answer:

Question (iv)
‘Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy’. Fill in the boxes supporting this statement. Complete the following web diagram.

Answer:

(A1)

Question 1.
There are a number of challenges a farmer in India faces. Discuss with your friend, how it is possible to improve the condition of farmers.
Answer:

(A2)

Question 1.
The poet has observed the sower closely. Express in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.
Answer:
Victor Hugo like a typical romantic poet began the poem with a beautiful scene from nature describing the twilight. In the English translation, the poet Torulata Dutt also did so. But in the poem gradually nature took the backseat and the poet’s attention is occupied by the solitary farmer who was alone in the field well beyond the working hours to scatter the seeds all over the place. Initially, the poet did not think much about the old sower in torn clothes.

Poet after watching carefully, the serenity and devotion of the man could be noticed. His age and experience must have shown him many bad harvests, but he refused to give up. Moreover, he might not live long enough to see the fruit of his hard work but this did not bring down the level of his dedication. His confident steps made the poet feel even his dark shadows more dominating than the deep trenches around the field. Thus, he developed an intense respect for the sower.

(A3)

Question 1.
The poet is prompted to call the sower an ‘august personality” which means one who has reached the highest position in his work place. Explain this using the following points.
1. Hard work
2. Perseverance
3. Dedication
Answer:
In the eyes of the poet the old solitary sower appeared majestic and awe-inspiring because he could see the determination and dedication in his attitude. The working hours were over since it was getting dark in the evening. But he was ready to continue his job of scattering the grains all over the field, walking to and fro, at his age, with a expectation of a good yield of crop.

Like a devoted soldier he was marching on the field and the poet was impressed by his sincerity and confidence. He must have experienced many bad harvests , but his hard work, patience and desire to achieve success were not affected at all. He continued with his job without bothering about the starry skies, to the poet who developed a deep respect for the sower’s tenacity, positive attitude towards life and most importantly his commitment to his work.

(A4)

Question (i)
Pick out the examples of alliteration from the poem
Answer:

1. “a sower lingers still” – sound of “s” is repeated.
2. “Dominates the furrows deep” – sound of “d” is repeated.
3. “Darkness deepens” – sound of “d” is repeated.
4. “Seems to touch the starry skies” – Sound of “s” is repeated.
5. “From his hands ” sound of “h” is repeated.

Question (ii)
‘Seems to touch the starry skies’. The poet has used word imagery. Describe the idea and pick out other similar examples from the poem.
Answer:
Word imageries create a visual representation of ideas or situations in the readers minds and helps the reader to create a mental picture with the help of words.

Word imageries in the poem:
(i) “Twilight hastens on the rule”
This line creates an image of a soft light in the sky just after the sunset. We can imagine the gradual fading of the bright sunlight and can only see the twilight, that is, semi-darkness.

(ii) “His Silhouette / Dominates the furrows deep”.
The image of the sower is created in the readers mind with this imagery. The sower’s black shadow gradually becomes bigger and the deep furrows around the field start appearing smaller. The idea to create such a mental picture is to present the longer than life image of the sower who can even dominate over the nature.

(iii) “Seems to touch the starry skies”

This picture depicts the transition from the twilight sky to the night sky. The poet wants to express his reverence for the majestic quality of the sower. To him the image of the sower gradually grows to reach the top of the sky as if the entire world is glowing wit his reflection and the twinkling stars are the grains he has spread all over the place.

(A5)

Question (i)
Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:

• About the poem / poet / title.
• Theme
• Poetic devices, language, style
• Special features / novelties / focussing elements
• Values, message
• Your opinion about the poem

Answer:
The poem ‘The Sower’ is translated by the Bengali poet Torulata Dutt from the French poet Victor Hugo’s French poem ‘Saison des Semailles : Le Soir.’ The French name literally means in English, ‘Sowing Season’: In the evening “where the poet talks about a sower and his attitude towards his job.

The poet was leisurely spending time in a porchway enjoying the beauty of the twilight sky which dominated the day because it was the time between the day and the approaching night. Suddenly a lone sower caught his attention since the working hours were over and there was no one else in the field. The towering black shadow of the man was so majestic that it even appeared bigger than the deep trenches around the field.

The man was absolutely engrossed in spreading the grains all over the ground. His confident steps and dedication towards his work even in fading light impressed the poet. He developed a deep respect for the sower and appreciated his larger than life appearance.

The theme of the poem is to show the powerful human aspects which could even dominate the nature. The attitude and sincerity of the sower made him appear to the poet so impressive that he put him in a high pedestal of searching the ‘starry skies’. The poet Tarulata Dutt has used a simple rhyme scheme “abab” The word imageries, like the domination of the twilight over the sunlight, the majestic shadow of the sower growing bigger than even the deep trenches around the field and the poet’s imagination of putting the sower at a great height of touching the sky with his grains representing the twinkling stars enhance the beauty of the poem.

They bring out the poet’s love for the nature placing it side by side with humanistic features. The focus of the poem is basically on the sower but nature has been included right from the beginning to the end very elegantly b the poet giving a novelty to the poem.

The poem has a strong message of selflessness of the old sower who is doing his job diligently without even bothering to know the result. His age and experience must have given a lot of experience on farming which has taught him not to give up even if it is a bad harvest. He is sincerely doing his job even after the working hours.

We, the readers, get the message from the sower that we need to do our job with dedication and hard work will definitely pay. The poem appeals to me because of the impressive presentation of the sower and the unusual comparison between human features with nature. Both nature and human aspects play dominant roles making the poem interesting.

Question (ii)
Write a summary of the poem using the following points:

• Title
• Introductory paragraph (about the poem, type, nature, tone)
• Main body (central idea, gist of the poem)
• Conclusion (opinion, views, appeal)

Answer:
Refer Synopsis

Question (iii)
Compose a poem on a farmers in 4 to 6 lines in continuation of the following.
Answer:
He sweats throughout the dav.
He does not fret, he believes his hard work will nav.
He sows seeds expecting a good harvest.
To the soil he bows for encouragement to invest.

(A6)

Question 1.
Imagine that you are a farmer from a drought prone area. Write a letter to a newspaper editor, discuss the problems and suggest possible solutions.
Satya Vase,
Aurangabad,
27-07-2019
The Editor,
The Times of India,
Dr. D.N.Marg,
Mumbai – 400001
Subject: Problems of a drought-prone area like Aurangabad

Respected Sir,
I am Satya Vase, a farmer from Aurangabad, a drought-prone area. I want to bring to your notice certain problems which,we the farmers in our area are facing due to drought.

It is a known fact that Aurangabad has been going through severe water crises and it affects the farmers badly. But, today I want to concentrate on two important factors which is bothering the farmers for quite some time. All our appeals have fallen into deaf ears.

In Aurangabad, the obsession with borewell among the farmers is increasing to a dangerous level during every drought and this is very high among the farmers cultivating sugarcane. The sugarcane farming has become so popular because it is a low investment crop which comes with a price guarantee.

Sugarcane farmers are well aware of the fact that sugarcane farming consumes a large quantity of irrigation water. We, the poor farmers cannot afford to install borwells because of high cost and even the result is disastrous for us. A number of representations to the government have not solved our problems. Our sufferings have reached the greatest height. People are migrating to bigger cities and there also are leading a miserable life.

Through your esteemed daily, I want to they draw the attention of the government to take an early action. We request the government to send a crisis management group to come to Aurangabad and set a separate Drought Monitoring Centre report to the Drought Management Authorities to arrange for immediate supply of water. Urgent adaptation of strategies and their quick implementation are what we are requesting for.

Thanking You,
Yours Sincerely,
Shyam Vase.

(A7) Project:

Question 1.
Visit your college library or use the web and collect information on ‘Green Revolution’ and ‘white Revolution’ in our country.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.2 The Sower Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain in your own words: “Twilight hastens on to rule”
Answer:
The poet is referring to a time when the day is going to be over and night will fall. So,it appears to the poet as if the twilight is quickly overlapping the sunlight. Twilight is the time just before it becomes completely dark in the evening and the poet imagines it to be in a hurry to wipe out the brightness of the sunlight.

Question 2.
The word ‘Marches’ suggests –
Answer:
The poet expresses the appreciation for the sower by using the word ‘marches’ instead of simply referring his movement as ‘walks’. The sower is confident and dedicated to his job. So he marches with determination of a good harvest as a soldier marches with the positive attitude of winning the battle.

Comprehension

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the web that brings out the qualities of the sower.

Answer:

Inference / Interpretative / Analysis:

Question 1.
Explain the Poet’s feeling as he watches the sower.
Answer:
The poet is thrilled to see the solitary sower continuing with his work sincerely even after the working hours are over. His hard work of spreading the grains all over the ground, in confident steps, impresses the poet. He feels the sower’s presence is majestic and awe-inspiring.

Question 2.
The grains are referred to as ‘precious” – Give reasons.
Answer:
For a farmer, grains are always ‘precious’ as they are symbols of prosperity and bright future. His survival depends on the quality of harvest and good quality of grains is needed for that. He is protective about each and every grain and gives its due respect.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What do you learn from the sower? Justify your answer.
Answer:
The sower has taught me to have dedication and devotion for my work without bothering about the outcome. His efforts of spreading the seeds even after the working hours has impressed me and I have learnt not to grumble about the extended time at work place, if my work demands it. Last but not the least, the sower has shown that outward appearance does not matter. A person’s attitude can raise his/ her stature to great height.

Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Find out the rhyme-scheme and pick up the rhyming words from the lines quoted to you.
Answer:
The rhyme-scheme is abab
The rhyming words are lands- stands, still-thrill, silhouette-set, deep-reap, plain-grain, wide-stride, light- height, eyes-skies.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Compare a poem of four lines to express your appreciations for your mother. Use a proper rhyme-scheme.
Answer:

• My mother is my first teacher.
• Never does she try to be a preacher.
• Her words are catalysts, quickly I respond,
• strong and thick is our love bond.

Appreciation:

Question 1.
Write an appreciation of the extract with the help of the following points: (100 -150 words)

1. About the extract
2. Theme and significance
3. Poetic style, language, poetic devices
4. Inspirational message
5. Your opinion and critical evaluation of the extract

Answer:
The extract shows how the impression of the poet about the sower changes as he observes the activity of the solitary sower working on the farm, well-after the working hour gets over. Initially the poet does not give much importance to the sower. But as he pays attention to him, he is able to find out his dedication, sincerity and perseverance of the man who deserves respect.

The poem is a translation from a French poem by Victor Hugo. The Bengali poet, Tarulata Dutt uses simple rhyme-scheme abab but the word imageries like the majestic shadow of the sower growing bigger than even the deep trenches around the field, the poet’s imagination of putting the sower at a great height of touching the sky with his grains representing the twinkling stars are beautiful.

The poem has a strong message which shows how a person’s dedication can draw the attention of others and make them respect him. I love the extract as it teaches me that hard work has its own reward.

Poetic devices:

Question 1.
Other poetic devices
Answer:
Personification

1. “Twilight hastens on to rule”- ‘Twilight’ is personified.
2. “Shadows run across the lands” – ‘Shadows’ are personified.
3. “Sunlight I see, dying fast” – ‘Sunlight’ is personified.

Inversion:

(i) “Old, in rags, he patient stands.”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(ii) “Now to sow the task is set”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(iii) “Soon shall come a time to reap”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(iv) “Marches he along the plain”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(v) “Scatters wide/From his hands the precious grains.”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(vi) “Now his gestures to mine eyes/Are august,…”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Secretarial Practice Solutions Chapter 8 Correspondence with Depositors Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Secretarial Practice Solutions Chapter 8 Correspondence with Depositors

1A. Select the correct answer from the options given below and rewrite the statements.

Question 1.
Depositors are ____________ of a company.
(a) members
(b) creditors
(c) debtors
Answer:
(b) creditors

Question 2.
Depositors provide ____________ capital to the company.
(a) short term
(b) long term
(c) medium-term
Answer:
(a) short term

Question 3.
A company cannot accept deposit for more than ____________ months.
(a) 24
(b) 36
(c) 45
Answer:
(b) 36

Question 4.
A company cannot accept deposit for less than ____________ months.
(a) 6
(b) 3
(c) 5
Answer:
(a) 6

Question 5.
Deposits are ____________ loans of the company.
(a) fixed
(b) short term
(c) long term
Answer:
(b) short term

Question 6.
Public deposits are accepted to meet the requirement of ____________ capital.
(a) fixed
(b) working
(c) owned
Answer:
(b) working

Question 7.
____________ has the power to invite deposits from public.
(a) Shareholders
(b) Auditors
(c) Board of Directors
Answer:
(c) Board of Directors

Question 8.
Rate of interest on deposits is ____________
(a) fixed
(b) fluctuating
(c) moderate
Answer:
(a) fixed

Question 9.
The return or income for the investment of money on deposits is called ____________
(a) dividend
(b) interest
(c) discount
Answer:
(b) interest

1B. Match the pairs.

Question 1.

Answer:

1C. Write a word or a term or a phrase that can substitute each of the following statements.

Question 1.
Return on investment on deposit.
Answer:
Interest

Question 2.
The instrument for payment of interest on the deposit.
Answer:
Interest Warrant

Question 3.
An acknowledgment of the fixed deposit accepted by a company.
Answer:
Fixed Deposit Receipt

Question 4.
Return of deposits on the maturity date.
Answer:
Repayment of deposit

Question 5.
The maximum period of deposits.
Answer:
36 months

1D. State whether the following statements are true or false.

Question 1.
Fixed deposit is a short-term source of finance for the company.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Fixed deposit holder is a creditor of the company.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Deposits are invited by the company without issuing statutory advertisement.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Fixed deposit holders are entitled to receive dividends.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
A private company cannot accept deposits from the general public.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Depositors are given voting rights.
Answer:
False

1E. Find the odd one.

Question 1.
Dividend, Depositor, Deposit Receipt
Answer:
Dividend

Question 2.
Trust Deed, Depository, Deposit Receipt
Answer:
Depository

1F. Complete the Sentences.

Question 1.
Depositors are the ____________ of the company.
Answer:
Creditors

Question 2.
The ____________ must be cautious and careful while writing letters to the depositors.
Answer:
Secretary

Question 3.
Deposit is a ____________ term source of finance of the company.
Answer:
Short

Question 4.
A company can accept deposits for the minimum period of ____________ months.
Answer:
6 months

Question 5.
Depositors are entitled to receive ____________ at fixed rate.
Answer:
Interest

1G. Select the correct option from the bracket.

Question 1.

(Interest, Creditors of the company, 36 months, 6 months)
Answer:

1H. Answer in one sentence.

Question 1.
Who is the depositor?
Answer:
The person who keeps his/her money for a fixed period of time with the company is known as ‘Depositor’.

Question 2.
What is the return on deposit?
Answer:
Fixed-rate of interest is provided as the return on a deposit.

Question 3.
What is Interest Warrant?
Answer:
An interest warrant is an instrument of payment of interest.

Question 4.
What is a renewal of deposit?
Answer:
A process of continuing the deposit for an additional time period after maturity of investment (deposit) is called “Renewal of Deposit”.

Question 5.
Which document is enclosed along with the Renewal Letter?
Answer:
Renewal Deposit Receipt is enclosed along with the Renewal Letter.

Question 6.
When will the company return the deposits?
Answer:
The company will return the deposit amount at the time of maturity (after the expiry of the fixed period).

Question 7.
What is the minimum and maximum period of deposit?
Answer:
The deposit can be accepted for a minimum period of 6 months and a maximum period of 36 months.

1I. Correct the underlined words and rewrite the following sentence.

Question 1.
Depositors are owners of the company.
Answer:
Depositors are creditors of the company.

Question 2.
Deposits are the internal source of financing.
Answer:
Deposits are the external source of financing.

Question 3.
Deposit is a long-term source of capital.
Answer:
Deposit is a short-term source of capital.

Question 4.
Depositors are entitled to receive dividends.
Answer:
Depositors are entitled to receive interest.

1J. Arrange in proper order.

Question 1.
(a) Renewal of deposit
(b) Acceptance of deposit
(c) Deposit Receipt
Answer:
(a) Acceptance of deposit
(b) Deposit Receipt
(c) Renewal of deposit

Question 2.
(a) Payment of interest
(b) Deposit Receipt
(c) Acceptance of deposits
Answer:
(a) Acceptance of deposits
(b) Deposit Receipt
(c) Payment of interest

2. Explain the following terms/concepts.

Question 1.
Depositor
Answer:
The person who keeps deposits with the company for a fixed period of time is known as ‘Depositor’.

Question 2.
Deposit
Answer:
Deposit is a short-term source of finance of the company and it is used in order to satisfy the short-term working capital needs of the company.

Question 3.
Interest on deposit
Answer:
Interest on deposit refers to the return on the investment of money in deposits.

Question 4.
Deposit Receipt
Answer:
A deposit Receipt is an acknowledgment of deposit money accepted by the company.

Question 5.
Renewal of deposit
Answer:
Renewal of Deposit means accepting the same deposit for an additional period of time after its maturity.

Question 6.
Repayment of Deposit
Answer:
Refunding the amount of deposit on the maturity of tenure of deposits is known as ‘Repayment of Deposit’.

3. Answer in brief.

Question 1.
Which precautions are to be taken by the secretary while corresponding with depositors?
Answer:
Following precautions should be undertaken while drafting letters to the depositors:
(i) Courtesy:
While writing letters to the depositors, polite replies are essential. Rude and harsh words should be strictly avoided.

(ii) Quick response:
Being the creditors of the company, due respect should be given to the depositors of the company. Immediate replies to be given to the queries and complaints of the depositors without any delay.

(iii) Accuracy:
Letters written to the depositors should be accurate and precise. True and correct information should be provided to them.

(iv) Conciseness:
The letters to the depositors must be concise i.e. short, brief, and to the point. Unnecessary and irrelevant information should be avoided.

(v) Your Attitude:
The letters to the depositors must be written after taking into consideration the requirements of the depositors.

(vi) Secrecy:
As a confidential officer, the secretary has to maintain secrecy regarding correspondence with the depositors. Any secret information regarding the company must not be disclosed through correspondence.

(vii) Image and Goodwill:
Correspondence plays a very important role in maintaining the goodwill of the company. While corresponding, the secretary should take all necessary steps so that the goodwill of the company will not get affected.

(viii) Legal Provision:
The secretary should see to it that all provisions relating to invitation, acceptance, renewal, and repayment of deposits are duly followed by the company while corresponding with depositors.

Question 2.
What are the circumstances under which the Secretary makes correspondence with depositors?
Answer:

• A company secretary has to conduct correspondence with depositors on different occasions.
• This correspondence is limited as they are creditors and not the owners of the company.
• Deposits are accepted for a short period.
• The relationship of depositors also comes to an end immediately after deposits are repaid.

Following are the circumstances under which correspondence is done with the depositors:

• Letter to express thanks to the depositor for showing faith in the company and depositing the amount
• Intimation about payment of interest
  • Interest warrant
  • Electronic payment of Interest
• Letter informing about the renewal of deposit
• Informing the depositor about the maturity of deposits.

4. Justify the following statements.

Question 1.
The Company Secretary should take certain precautions while corresponding with depositors.
Answer:

• The deposit represents the short-term borrowed capital of the company.
• Depositors are the creditors of the company.
• The company secretary should correspond properly with the depositors in order to ensure the continuous flow of investments.
• The reply to queries and complaints of depositors should be prompt and courteous.
• The letter should be written from the depositors’ point of view and accurate information must be supplied to them.
• All the legal provisions must be followed and the goodwill of the company has to be maintained.
• Thus, it is rightly justified that the company secretary should take every precaution while corresponding with depositors.

Question 2.
There are certain circumstances when a secretary has to correspond with depositors.
Answer:

• Depositors are the creditors of the company and not the owners.
• Frequent correspondence with depositors is not required as they do not participate in the management of the company.
• The company secretary has to conduct correspondence with depositors regarding the acceptance of deposits, payment of interest on deposits, renewal of deposits, repayment of deposits, and so on.
• Secretary conducts such correspondence on behalf of the company and also as per the instructions of the Board of Directors.
• The secretary should be very cautious and careful while corresponding with depositors of the company.
• Thus, it is rightly justified that the secretary has to correspond with depositors on certain circumstances.

5. Attempt the following.

Question 1.
Draft a letter of thanks to depositors of a company.
Answer:

RADHIKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED
501A, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai: 400 051
CIN: L46001 MH2002 PLC 503433

Tel. No.: 022-24761524
Fax No.: 022-24881242
Ref. No.: D/DEP/05/2018-19

Website: www.radhikalimited.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 15th May 2019

Mr. Deepak Ved
C/25, LIC Colony
L.J. Road, Mahim,
Mumbai – 400 096

Sub: Thanking Depositor For Fixed Deposit.

Dear Sir,
As per your application received for a fixed deposit of ₹ 1,00,000/- for a period of 1 year, dated 10th May 2019, we are thankful to you for showing faith and confidence in the company.

The details of deposits accepted are given in the following schedule:

The Board of Directors of our company expresses their gratitude for depositing money in our company. The fixed deposit receipt is enclosed along with this letter.

We assure you the best of our services all the time.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully
For Radhika Industries Limited,

Sign
Mr. Harshad Sagwekar

Encl: Fixed Deposit Receipt No. 412

Question 2.
Draft a letter to a depositor informing him about payment of interest through interest warrant.
Answer:

RADHIKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED
501A, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai: 400 051
CIN: L46001 MH 2002 PLC 503433

Tel. No.: 022-24761524
Fax No.: 022-24881242
Ref. No.: D/DEP/25/2019-20

Email: [email protected]
Website: www.radhikalimited.com
Date: 18th April 2019

Mrs Ruchika Korgaonkar
A/23, BPT Colony,
N.K.Road, Mahim,
Mumbai:-400 096.

Sub: Payment of Interest on Fixed Deposits.

Dear Madam,
As per the board resolution passed in the Board Meeting held on 16th April 2019, this is to inform you that the interest @ 10% on your Fixed Deposit is due for payment.

Your company has complied with all the provisions relating to the payment of interest on deposits and the interest warrant drawn on ICICI Bank, Prabhadevi branch is enclosed herewith.

The details of your Fixed Deposit and interest payable on the deposit are given in the following schedule:

TDS certificate is enclosed for income tax purposes along with the interest warrant.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Radhika Industries Limited

Sign
Mr. Fazal Shahzman

Encl:

1. Interest Warrant No. 3325
2. TDS certificate

Question 3.
Write a letter to the depositor for the renewal of his deposit.
OR
Draft a letter to the depositor for renewal of his deposit.
Answer:

SUNRISE INDUSTRIES LIMITED
50/A, Swami Narayan Road, Tunga Village, Mumbai: 400 072
CIN: L42105 MH2005 PLC 402512

Tel. No.: 022-23731242
Fax No.: 022-23738656
Ref. No.: S/DEP/51/2019-20

Website: www.sunriselimited.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 17th Feb 2019

Mr. Rajesh Joshi
20, Hilton Complex,
Laxmi Road,
Solapur – 413 018

Sub: Renewal on Fixed Deposits.

Dear Sir,
We, hereby, acknowledge receipt of your application for the renewal of a deposit of ₹ 50,000/- for a further period
of one year. We have also received duly discharged deposit receipt No. 1242 and the same has been placed before the Board for consideration and approval.

As per the resolution passed at the Board meeting held on 15th Feb 2019, the Board has decided to renew the deposits for a further period of 1 year on the same terms and conditions.

A deposit receipt No 4424 is enclosed along with this letter.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Sunrise Industries Ltd,

Sign
Miss Shalakha Suvarna
Company Secretary

Encl: Fixed Deposit receipt No 4424

Question 4.
Draft a letter to the depositor regarding redemption or repayment of his deposit.
Answer:

SWARG MARBLE LIMITED
40/B, C – Ramchandra Road, Khar (East), Mumbai: 400 053
CIN: L24308 MH2006 PLC 211388

Tel. No.: 022-4133242
Fax No.: 022-4215212
Ref. No.: S/DEP/15/19-20

Email: [email protected]
Website: www.swarglimited.com
Date: 21st April 2019

Mr. Santosh Vichare
A/21, Swastik Colony,
Bhadkamkar Marg,
Fort, Mumbai:-400 020

Sub: Repayment of Fixed Deposits.

Dear Sir,
This is to inform you that your Fixed Deposit Receipt No. 3225 dated 1st May 2018 for ₹ 1,00,000/- will be due for repayment on 30th April 2019.

We have received original Deposit Receipt No. 3225 duly discharged along with instruction for repayment. The Board of Directors in the meeting held on 20th April 2019 has passed a resolution for the redemption of the deposits.

The details of repayment of deposit are as under:

Please find enclosed herewith a crossed cheque of ₹ 1,09,000, bearing No. 126224 dated 30th April 2019 drawn on Bank of India, Tardeo, Mumbai:- 400 034.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Sward Industries Ltd,

Sign
Mr. Sandesh Virkar
Company Secretary

Encl: Crossed Cheque No. 126224

Question 5.
Draft a letter to a depositor informing him about payment of interest through electronic mode.
Answer:

RADHIKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED
501 A, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai: 400 051
CIN: L46001 MH2002 PLC 503433

Tel. No.: 022-24761524
Fax No.: 022-24881242
Ref. No.: D/DEP/25/2019-20

Email: [email protected]
Website: www.radhikalimited.com
Date: 18th April 2019

Mrs Anushka Khanvilkar
A/21, Mahindra Tower,
Tardeo Road, Mumbai Central,
Mumbai – 400 034

Sub: Payment of Interest on Fixed Deposits through ECS or NEFT.

Dear Madam,
As per the board resolution passed in the Board Meeting held on 16th April 2019, this is to inform you that the interest @ 10% on your Fixed Deposit is due for payment.

Your company has complied with all the provisions relating to the payment of interest on the deposits.

The details of your Fixed Deposit and interest payable on the deposit are given in the following schedule:

Interest will be payable by electronic transfer (ECS/NEFT), i.e. by crediting said interest to your bank account as per details provided by you to the company.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Radhika Industries Limited,

Sign
Mr. Deepak Ved

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 English Yuvakbharati Solutions Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis

11th English Digest Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Textbook Questions and Answers

(i) Share your opinions/feelings about a stranger who has a villainous look/ appearance.

Question 1.
The feeling of a person when he commits a mistake are –
Answer:

1. He tries to justify it
2. He tries to hide it
3. He tries to get sympathy
4. He becomes offensive as offence is the best form of defense
5. He pretends to be innocent

Question (ii)
The person who makes a mistake or commits a crime should be punished because –
Answer:

1. He should not repeat his mistake.
2. He can misunderstand forgiveness as weakness.
3. The punishment can reform his character as he may feel ashamed and repentant.
4. The punishment will be an example to others not to commit such crimes.
5. The punishment may save him from being a hardcore anti social.

(A1)

Question (i)
Describe the atmosphere in the woods when Peter Crouch was heading towards Mrs. Adis’s house. It was –
Answer:
(a) A dark moonless night.
(b) A night without even a twilight and the only light seen was the light from the stars far away on the black sky.
(c) A soundless, windless, clear night where only the sound of the dogs barking and a man’s own footsteps could be heard.

Question (ii)
Peter Crouch didn’t knock before entering Mrs. Adis’s house, because –
Answer:

• he was in trouble.
• he did not want anybody to know that he had entered the house.
• he knew he had shot a man.

Question (iii)
Find the reasons that forced Peter to shoot down a person
Answer:
The reasons that forced peter to shoot down a person were:

• The keepers spotted him
• He was scared that the keepers would arrest him for hunting the rabbits
• He knew that it was too dark a night for the keepers to recognize him

Question (iv)
Mrs. Adis didn’t hand over Peter Crouch to the keepers because –
Answer:

1. She knew he was a good friend of her son Tom
2. She believed that Peter would never have harmed Tom knowingly because of their friendship
3. Probably she thought Tom would not have liked his friend to be arrested because of his mother and anyway her dead son would not come back even if Peter was arrested.

(A2)

Question 1.
The writer has used a phrase ‘Thudding Heart’ which means pounding, or beating of heart, Do you know ‘Thud’ is an onomatopoeic word which means a heavy sound made by an object falling to the ground. Discuss with your partner and make a list of Onomatopoeic words that you find in the text.

1. …………..
2. ………….
3. ………….

Answer:

1. Crackling
2. Rustling
3. Dragging

(A3)

Question 1.
‘She went to one of the kitchen drawers’.
Look at the sentence carefully. The underlined word tells us that she went (some time ago) to a particular place (at one of the kitchen drawers). Now write what you did ‘yesterday’ and what your friend did ‘yesterday’. Complete the table.
Answer:

(A4)

Question 1.
Imagine your friend/younger brother or sister has committed a grave mistake that has resulted in a great loss to the college property or to your family. He/she seeks your advice to come out of the situation/problem. Write a dialogue between you and your friend/brother/sister who describes the entire situation and seeks help from you. Take help of the following points.

• Introduction
• Confessing the mistake
• Seeking help
• Your advice/suggestion
• Concluding part

Answer:
Saikat: Hi buddy ! How are you? Didn’t see you yesterday, Kunal. Where were you?
Eunal: I was playing football. In fact, I was also looking out for you after the game, but couldn’t find you.
Saikat: Kunal, in fact I need to talk to you about something serious.
Kunal: Serious? What’s it? You Look worried too! Tell me. Let’s see whether we can solve the problem together.
Saikat: I had borrowed a book from the library and I lost it. Somebody picked it up from my bag. I should have been more careful about a library-book. I can’t even tell my mummy about it, she’ll scold me for being careless. I really don’t know what to do. At present I don’t have enough money to buy the book and return it to the library, confessing my mistake.
Kunal: But you have no choice. You must inform the librarian and let him decide what step should be taken. You also should tell aunty what actually has happened. I’m sure, aunty will help you come out of this problem. Truth has no alternative. The mistake has happened may be unknowingly. But you must not hide it from your mother. If required, I will come to your place to talk to aunty. But first, come with me. Let’s write a letter to our librarian with a copy to the principal.
Saikat: You always come out with reasonable solutions. I will do as you have told me. It sounds quite logical. Why don’t you come home so that I get confidence to talk to mummy.
Kunal: I will have to inform my mother too. Otherwise she will be worried. But, our first job is to write the letter.
Saikat: Ok. Thank you so much.
Kunal: It will be my pleasure if I can help you solve your problem.

(A5)

Question 1.
The best punishment is ‘forgiveness’. Discuss the sentence in the light of the text you have read. You can make use of following points.

1. Forgiveness provides opportunity to change the behaviour.
2. Forgiveness leads to repentance.
3. A person may commit a mistake / crime impulsively or under the force of strong emotions.
4.  ……………………………………………….
5. …………………………………………………

Answer:
Forgiveness

No one is perfect in this world as the saying goes, “To err is human, to forgive divine”. Committing mistake is not a crime. Understanding that the mistake has been committed is more important than moving towards the path of changing behaviour. In fact, identifying the mistake, recognizing it as a mistake is necessary for a person to reform. And if we can be successful in helping a person to reform his / her character by granting forgiveness, it also helps us to come out of a sense of guilt.

He / She has fallen down, we can be the facilitators for him / her to get up and start afresh. Moreover, revenge can never wipe out crime but it can definitely increase hostility. Forgiveness also helps us to come out of a feeling of guilt. But a hardcore criminal who harms innocent people knowingly and intentionally, should not be spared just by forgiveness.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The writer describes Mrs. Adis as –
Answer:

1. A small woman
2. A woman of not more than forty two years
3. A thin woman with a brown hard face
4. Having dried skin on the face that caused wrinkles

Question 2.
Mrs. Adis asks Peter Crouch whether he has had quarrel with the keepers. This shows that –
Answer:

1. She was extremely intelligent
2. She was quite observant
3. She was alert and quick in thinking

Question 3.
“That was the keepers”… make trouble” (Refer textbook page 47)
List some characteristics of Mrs. Adis based on the incident of the passage.
Answer:

1. Helpful
2. Kind
3. Matter-of-Fact
4. Loved her son very dearly
5. Practical

Question 4.
Viider guessed that Crouch has taken refuge in Mrs. Adis’ house because –
Answer:
Vildar must have guessed the nearby places where it was possible for Crouch to hide. Crouch thought that Vilder’s guess was correct since he had come to the right place. Crouch also felt that the keepers had followed him to reach the exact destination.

Question 5.
“There’s been a row”- the row took place because –
Answer:
A man was trying to hunt rabbits and the keepers could hear the noise of it. The man thought they did not see him because of the darkness, the man probably had seen them. So, he ran away as the keepers had scared him.

Question 6.
Mrs. Adis unlocked the door because –
Answer:
She wanted Crouch to leave her place safely as Crouch was a good friend of her son Tom. She wanted to respect the friendship of her dead son. Crouch was the killer of her son but punishing him could not get her son Tom back.

Question 7.
Then silently, each ‘wrung’ the mother by the hand and went away. Guess the meaning, ‘wrung’ here.
Answer:
‘Wrung’ here means holding the mothers hand tightly to give her assurance of their co-operation.

Question 8.
Find the difference between : shivering and trembling
Answer:
Shivering and trembling do have similar meanings but there is difference in their usage sometimes. For Example, we generally do not say that “He was trembling in cold” we use ‘Shivering’ in such a sentence. But we usually use the expression “The leaves tremble (and not ‘shiver’) in the breeze.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Arrange the events according to their occurrence in the passage :
(i) Peter did not knock because he did not want anybody to hear.
(ii) Peter could see Mrs. Adis lend over the fire, taking some pot or kettle off it.
(iii) Peter wanted to stay in Mrs. Adis’s house for sometime.
(iv) Mrs. Adis kept the kettle at the side of the fire as it boiled over.
Answer:
(ii) Peter could see Mrs. Adis lend over the fire, taking some pot or kettle off it.
(i) Peter did not knock because he did not want anybody to hear.
(iv) Mrs. Adis kept the kettle at the side of the fire as it boiled over.
(iii) Peter wanted to stay in Mrs. Adis’s house for sometime.

Question 2.
Complete the table.
Answer:

Question 3.
Whatever Mrs. Adis’s justifications in favour of Peter?
Answer:
Mrs. Adis wanted to justify to the keepers that even if Peter had killed Tom, he must have done it unknowingly as they were good friends. But she did not want to face the killer of her son and wanted him to leave silently.

Complex Factual

Question 1.
How did Peter Crouch confess to Mrs. Adis.
Answer:
Peter Crouch accepted to Mrs. Adis that he had shot a man and did not know whether that man was dead. He confessed that he had not knocked at Mrs. Adis’s door as he did not want anybody to know that he was there. The keepers were chasing him.

Question 2.
Why didn’t the man speak for a moment?
Answer:
The man was surprised that Mrs. Adis was helping him so much in spite of knowing very well that he was hiding from the keepers. She figured out the route for him to escape so that, the keepers could not see him. She even paid him the train fare to go to London as he did not have any money. He was speechless for a moment since he was trying to guess the reason for her kindness towards him.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
“I didn’t want anybody to hear”
This sentence implied –
Answer:
1. Peter entered Mrs. Adis’s house without knocking because he did not want anybody to hear the knock and find out his whereabouts.
2. Peter was running away from the keepers as he had shot a man. He wanted to take shelter at Mrs, Adis’s place for sometime and would escape at a convenient time.

Question 2.
Point out two instances when the man felt that Mrs. Adis was an intelligent lady.
Answer:
1. Mrs. Adis told the man to leave her house immediately after the keepers had crossed the house and she also instructed him to take the opposite direction so that the keepers would not be able to see him.
2. Mrs. Adis wanted the man to leave her house before Tom came back as she was expecting Tom to bring one of his friends. She wanted to arrow a situation when tom might suspect something wrong after seeing that man at her place.

Question 3.
Explain why Peter went out silently without talking to Mrs. Adis.
Answer:
Peter knew that he had committed a glare crime of killing his friend Tom, he might have done it unknowingly but he could feel the loss of Mrs. Adis. Tom was her only son and Peter, being his friend, knew about their attachment. He was repentant and could understand that he had no word to console Mrs. Adis who, in spite of losing her son, saved him. So he went out silently without disturbing Mrs. Adis.

Personal Response

Question 1.
What characteristics of Mrs. Adis, form the passage, do you admire the most? Justify your answer.
Answer:
I appreciate the calmness of Mrs. Adis the most in a difficult situation when a criminal was standing in front of her, she did not lose her cool and maintained her patience. She was obviously disturbed by Peter’s presence lent did not take any hasty decision.

Question 2.
Explain whether you support Mrs. Adis of saving a criminal from the keepers.
Answer:
Yes, I support Mrs. Adis because she has saved the man from the keeper just for the sake of her love towards her son Tom. She has also felt that the man has not committed a grave crime and can be given a chance to save himself. I respect a mother’s love and sentiment for her child’s friend.

Question 3.
What according to you, Mrs. Adis should have ideally done? Explain your answer.
Answer:
I think Mrs. Adis had taken the right decision of allowing Peter to go. She, being the mother of Tom who had been shot dead by Peter, could have ideally handled over the culprit in the hands of the keepers. But that would not have brought back Tom to her. So, she decided to give Peter a chance to reform as Tom probably would have done and she wanted to respect her son’s sentiment at that moment.

Language Study:

Question (i)
He changed his mind and went to the door. (Remove ‘and’)
Answer:
Changing his mind he went to the door.

Question (ii)
He could see Mrs. Adis stooping over the fire. (Replace the modal auxiliary with ‘be able to)
Answer:
He was able to see Mrs. Adis stooping over the fire.

Question (iii)
That was the keepers. (Use past perfect tense and rewrite)
Answer:
That had been the keepers.

Question (iv)
He was roused by the sound of footsteps on the road. (Begin with ‘The sound…’ and rewrite)
Answer:
The sound of footsteps on the road roused him.

Question (v)
The only thing he could possibly do.
Answer:
He could not possibly do anything else, (or) Nothing else he could possibly do. (Make negative)

Question (vi)
She did not come in.
Answer:
She had not come in. (Use past perfect tense)

Vocabulary

Question 1.
Give adjective forms of the following :

1. silence
2. quarrel
3. trouble
4. moment

Answer:

1. silent
2. quarrelsome
3. troublesome
4. momentary

Question 2.
Give the meaning of the word ‘Fare’ as a noun and as a verb. Make two sentences of your own to show the word having two different meanings.
1. Fare (Noun): Price
We cannot afford the air fare to go abroad.
2. Fare (Verb) : Progress
Sushant fared well in Mathematics.

Question 3.
Give antonyms

1. better
2. heavy
3. dead
4. glad

Answer:

1. worse
2. light
3. alive
4. sad/depressed

Glossary:

1. gleam – shine brightly
2. twilight – soft glowing light from the sky
3. distinct – clear
4. knell – sound of a bell especially for death or funeral
5. sourly – in an unfriendly way
6. sobbing – crying
7. tremble and shiver – tremble in fear/shiver in cold
8. leaden – heavy / weighty
9. thudding – pounding / dull sound
10. have a row (Phr) – to fight with someone
11. sparing – refraining from harming
12. despair – hopelessness
13. bolted – locked
14. reckon – believe
15. wrung – held something tightly
16. doze – sleep tightly
17. roused – awakened
18. on the threshold (Phr) – at the beginning of something / very close to something
19. Sussex – a county in the south of England
20. tongue of land – a long stretch of land branching out from the mainroad
21. hammer-woods – wood (forest)- described as ‘hammer’ because in the past, iron used to be made using timber and water
22. hammerponds – ponds
23. pricks of fire – stars
24. Delmonden – name of a village close at hand: very near
25. cinder Wood – name of wood
26. beseechingly – appealingly
27. huddled down – shrink oneself
28. Cansiron – name of a town where there is a railway station
29. unwilling shrug – to reluctantly raise shoulders slightly
30. momentary – for a brief period of time
31. dulling – not interesting or exciting
32. Scotney Castle – (a fort) name of a castle
33. refuge – shelter
34. tongue tied – speechlessmade off ran away
35. sacked – dismissed

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 English Yuvakbharati Solutions Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree

11th English Digest Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Trees are revered because –
Answer:

1. They give us joy.
2. They look beautiful with their lush green leaves that soothe our eyes.
3. They clear the air by providing oxygen for us to survive and by taking away carbon dioxide to prevent pollution.
4. They provide us food and many useful things.
5. They provide habitat and food for birds and insects.

Question 2.
Column ‘A’ shows your involvement in growing a tree, as well as the stages in the life of a tree. Column ‘B’ shows the feelings you experience at all the stages. Match them appropriately.

Answer:

(A1)

(i) Find proofs from the poem for the following:

Question (a)
The poet has mentioned different seasons.
Answer:
(a) “And suddenly that summer…”
(b) “Next spring”.

Question (b)
The poet’s minute observations of the steady growth of the cherry tree.
Answer:
(a) “I found a tree had come to stay.
It was very small, five months child,
Lost in the tall grass running wild.”

(b) “Next spring I watched three new shoots grow.
The young tree struggle, upward thrust.
Its arms in a fresh fierce lust For light and air and sun”.

(c) “I could only wait, as one
Who watched, wandering, while Time and the rain
Made a miracle from green growing pain….”

Question (c)
The colour imagery in the poem.
Answer:
(a) ‘Green’ colour used in the poem quite often and it represents ‘life’.
(b) ‘Pink’ colour used to show the tenderness, fragility of the berries.
(c) ‘Blue’ colour used for the sky as it represents the clear sky which the poet could see through the gap of the leaves of the cherry tree.

Question (d)
The struggle of the cherry tree for survival.
Answer:
(a) “It was very small, five months child,
Lost in the small grass, running wild”.

(b) “But cherries have a way of growing,
Though no one’s caring very much or knowing”.

(c) “Goats ate the leaves, the grass cutter scyth0e
Split it apart and a monsoon blight
Shrivelled the slender stem…Even so,”
All these dangers were handled by the plant boldly since it had the urge to live.

(d) “The young tree struggle, upward thrust
Its arms in a fresh fierce lust
For light and air and sun”
The young tree refused to accept defeat and continued its struggle for survival in order to get the basic necessities of light, air and sun needed for its growth.

(ii) State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the false statements by finding evidence from the poem to support your remark.

Question (a)
The cherry tree did not take long to grow.
Answer:
False. The cherry tree took eight years to grow into a six-feet high full-grown, fruit-bearing tree.

Question (b)
Birds and insects were benefited from the tree.
Answer:
True

Question (c)
The poet was exalted at the sight of the cherry tree.
Answer:
True

Question (d)
The poem has an underlying message about the importance of trees.
Answer:
False. The underlying message in this poem is not about the importance of trees. It mainly stresses on the struggle against adversities of life and how dedication and desire to survive can help any living object to come out of it.

Question (e)
The poet repents planting the cherry tree.
Answer:
False. The poet actually enjoys watching the magnificent cherry tree and takes pride in being the owner who has decided to sow the seed of this cherry tree.

3. Discuss the reasons/consequences/effects.

Question (a)
The life of the cherry tree was threatened.
Answer:
The cherry tree was so small initially that it was lost among the tall, wild grasses all around it. The threats in its life were the goats who ate its leaves, the grass cutter’s scythe that could split it apart and its tender stem had to fight the heavy monsoon. Moreover, no special attention or care was provided for it. But it was a fighter who could face all these threats boldly

Question (b)
The cherry blossomed.
Answer:
In spite of not getting any special care, the cherry tree, just by its urge to survive, could raise its head, fought all the odds in its life, came out successfully to nurture itself with the basic necessities for its growth, the light, the rain and sun. With the passage of time, its hard work bore fruits and it became a six-feet high full-grown tree which happily blossomed with fruits.

Question (iii)
A small thought, put in action, led to a great achievement. Pick out the lines from the beginning and end of the poem and explain their significance.
Answer:
(i) “Must have a tree of my own” I said.
The poet just wanted to be the sole owner of a tree and just with this simple thought in his mind he sowed the cherry seed. It is just a passing idea of his mind which he easily forgot. But the cherry seed had the potential to grow in spite of not having proper care and lots of threats on its onward journey in life. It was a winner all the way to grow into a magnificent fruit-bearing tree as it was dedicated to fight the odds.

(ii) The lines at the end of the poem, “Yes, I! – praised Night and Stars and trees. That small, the cherry, grown by me” express the pride of the poet who takes the credit for creating such a beautiful life. He has, no hesitation to accept that the cherry tree has struggled hard to come to this stage. But, at the same time, he is excited that the process has been started by him and the result is unbelievable.

(A3)

Question (i)
The cherry tree has inspired the poet to compose the poem. Such poems, describing Nature or aspects of Nature are called ‘Nature poems’. Find out some expressions from the poem that bring out the elements of beauty of Nature.
Answer:
1. “I could scarcely believe it – a berry,
Ripened and jeweled in the sun…”
2. “……. there were blossoms small
Pink, fragile, quick to fall…”
3. “Looking up through leaves… each bloom”.
4. “…the sun sank…crickets…”

Question (ii)
Find out an example of climax from the extract and explain it.
Answer:
“Pink, fragile, quick to fall”
They move from healthy to delicate
This figure of speech is called Climax where successive words, phrases, sentences are arranged in ascending order of importance. Here, the cherry blossom turns pink, ripens and is ready to be picked.

Question (a)
Alliteration:
Answer:

1. “Shrivelled the slender stem…” sound of ‘s’ is repeated.
2. “Its arms in a fresh fierce lust…” sound of ‘f is repeated.
3. “Made a miracle from green growing pain…” sounds of‘m’ and ‘g’ are repeated.
4. “… at the finches as they flew/And flitted through…” sound of‘f is repeated.
5. “the sun sank/swiftly…” Sound of ‘s’ is repeated.
6. “who watched, wondering, while time…” sound of‘w’ is repeated.

Question (b)
Antithesis:
Answer:
1. “…. but cherries have a way of growing,
Though no one’s caring very much or knowing”.
– Two opposite ideas of the steady growth of the tree in spite of not having much care and even knowledge of its presence, are placed side by side.

2. “Came back thinner, rather poor,
But richer by a cherry tree at my door”.
– Two opposite ideas of having poor condition of health but feeling rich at the sight of the cherry tree, are placed side by side.

Question (c)
Personification:
Answer:
1. “A tree had come to stay”
– The tree has been personified by giving it the human quality of coming to stay.
2. “The grass cutter scythe split it apart”
– The grass cutter scythe is personified.
3. “a monsoon blight shrivelled…”
– Monsoon is personified.
4. “The young tree struggle”
– The young tree is personified by giving it the human quality of struggling.
5. “the sleepiest breeze”
The breeze is personified.
6. “singing crickets”
– Crickets are personified.
7. “The young tree … thrust/its arms in a fresh fierce lust”
– The young tree is personified as it expresses its ‘lust’ like a human being.

(A5)

Question (i)
Cherry tree is a narrative poem. Features that make it a narrative poem are given below. Justify them with proper examples.

• The poem has a beginning, a middle and an end.
• Different places are mentioned.
• Characters are referred to.
• Incidents are arranged in sequence.
• There is a dialogue between the poet and the reader or the characters of the poem.
• It is a time-bound poem.

Answer:
‘Cherry Tree’, a narrative poem which tells the story of the birth and growth of a cherry tree by the poet, Ruskin Bond. He carefully divides the poem in three distinct division of a proper beginning, a middle and an end as we usually find in a story.

The story begins with the planting of a seed of a cherry which the poet, a young boy sows in order to have a tree of his own. He forgets to take care of the planted seed but the plant, with the help of nature and rain has a natural growth. On its journey to its growth, it faces many odds in life, but by sheer will-power survives all adversities. Meanwhile, the poet has to go to Kashmir. When he comes back he is surprised to see a full-six-feet high fruit-bearing tree at his door. The poet is ecstatic in this middle part of the story.

At the end of the story, the poet spends time in company of his cherry tree from dawn to dusk, enjoying the sights and sounds, birds and insects, the bright sun and the twinkling stars. He concludes the poem expressing his pride for being the creator of such an atmosphere because of his own cherry tree.

The poem shifts to different places at different times as it begins in the poet’s garden where the cherry tree has been sowed, tells the readers about the poet’s visit to Kashmir, comes back to see the cherry tree at his door and finally ends at his garden where the cherry tree stands tall.

The cherry tree is the protagonist, that is, the main character of the story which narrates the different phases of the life of the tree in a span of eight years. The poet, the owner of the cherry tree also represents a character of the story since he is the one who is involved in the life of the tree. Sometimes actively and sometimes by narrating the happening in its life. Apart from these two main characters, there are some small characters like the goats, the grass cutter, the birds and insects who also play small but significant roles in the story.

There is definitely a continuity in the presentation of the story in a sequence. From the planting of the cherry seed in the poet’s garden, its life as a baby with tall grasses hiding it, its struggle for survival without having much care, its aggressive growth to get light, air and sun and finally becoming a six-feet high fruit-bearing tree.

There is no direct conversation among the poet, the readers and the other characters in the poem but the presentation of the happenings in the story makes it appear as if the cherry tree is expressing its desires and determinations to the poet. In the beginning of the poem also the poet tells his readers the reason for his sowing the cherry seed and that is given in direct speech as if he is talking to his readers.

It is a time-bound poem since the sowed cherry seed grows into a full-grown tree in a span of eight years. The poet also intermittently, keeps on mentioning about the change of season during the growth of the tree, his stay in Kashmir for one season and finally after his return his feeling of happiness or seeing the fruit-bearing six feet high tree.

Question (ii)
Compose 8 to 10 lines. Narrate any incident in your life without using any rhyming pattern.
Answer:
Speaking Tree

“Look at me. Don’t like to see me? Green and soothing to the eye?”
Somebody called me as I was walking away.
I stopped, looked around, curious to know the speaker,
Herd the voice again, this time with more emotions.
“Have mercy on us, don’t kill us day in and day out”,
Save trees, save environment – everyone’s demand, I suppose,
But who listens? sky scrappers mushroom, higher and higher,
All are happy, no need to think about our fall.
Yet we love you, want to care and serve,
One earth, one planet, with you let’s share.

Question (iii)
Write an appreciation of the poem.
Answer:
The poem ‘Cherry Tree’ is about the poet Ruskin Bond’s excitement over a cherry tree whose seed he planted eight years ago and the steady growth of the plant to a big tree, bearing tender cherries. The existence of the tree is so important for the poet that he has not thought of any other title but the simple ‘Cherry Tree’ to make the tree appear all important.

The poet planted the seed of the cherry just because he wanted to own a plant. The plant grew on its own without much care from anybody except nature and rain, learnt to fight against all odds and was finally successful in bearing tender berries. The poet, after spending a season in Kashmir, came back to get the surprise of a six feet high cherry tree at his door. He felt so attached to the tree that he started spending long hours, from dawn to dusk, in the company of his cherry tree, watching the flora and fauna around it and taking pride for being responsible for the existence of the tree.

The poet used simple language to narrate the birth and growth of his cherry tree. The process is known to all but the narration made it an interesting story. The figures of speech used are all common ones and easy to understand. The beauty of the nature can be enjoyed and appreciated by one and all because of the informal language.

The poet has stuck to the topic of the cherry tree right from the beginning to the end of the poem. Ruskin Bond basically writes for the children and he has not done anything where a child’s attention can be diverted from the cherry tree. The child can easily identify with the feelings and joys of the poem and this gives the poem its exclusivity.

But the poem also has a food for thought, a deeper meaning of struggle for survival, qualities needed to fight back and be a winner, dedication, growth and pride. The cherry’s fight starts at a very young age when it appears difficult because of it small size. But, as it grows up it learns, through experience, to be stronger.

The similar situation happens in human life also. The learning process continues at every young stage of life and makes a person capable of handling the adversities as tactfully as possible. The poet is proud that he has planted the cherry seed which now gives him so much of satisfaction as the parents of an individual feels seeing the success of their child.

It gives me immense pleasure to read and understand the beauty of the poem, The clarity in the language and the lucidity of presentation help me enjoy each and every stage of the growth of the cherry tree. I am able to connect with its struggle and feel related when it wins the race of life.

Question (iv)
Write a summary of the poem using the following points.
• Title
……………………………..
Introductory paragraph (about the poem, type, Nature, tone)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..
• Main body (central idea, gist of the poem)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..

Conclusion (opinion, views, appeal)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..
Answer:
Refer Synopsis

(A6)

Question (i)
Write the poem ‘Cherry Tree’ in the form of a story.
Answer:
Refer Towards Appreciation (1) question (paragraph 1, 2, 3).

Question (ii)
Write in 100 words what the cherry tree in the poem symbolises.
Answer:
The cherry tree symbolises struggle, patience, devotion, growth and responsibility. Just like an individual who faces problems in life, is able to come out of it if he is ready to face it bravely, the cherry tree resists all hazards in its life to grow into a beautiful six feet high fruit-bearing tree. The poet only helped the tree to grow by planting the seed but it was defenseless after that. However, with growth, stability has come into its life. The poet may be suggesting that it can also happen in human life. So, like a parent he feels responsible for its growth.

Question (iii)
You have studied the lesson ‘The Call of the Soil’ from prose 1.3. Compare ‘Cherry Tree’ with ‘The Call of the Soil’ and find out the element of joy of nurturing for the author and the poet.
Answer:
The author of “The Call of the Soil” Mr. Venkateshwaran Iyer, was unsuccessfully searching for the aromatic rice Kasbai for months and suddenly the old lady from a remote village gave him the good news of of having the rice. This revelation from the old lady was indeed very exciting for him. Ever since, he had heard about the rice, he had cherished the dream of growing it and now he could see the possibility of his dream to be fulfilled.

The poet Raskin Bond told the readers the story of his cherry tree whose seed he had planted but forgot to take care of it. After a gap of eight years, when he saw the full-grown tree with fruits on it, his joy, like Mr. Iyer knew no bound. The similarity in both the stories in the element of fulfillment of desire.

(A7)

Project:

Question 1.
Visit the library and collect at least five poems of any Nature poet. Write the poems along their summary.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The thought which prompted the poet to plant the cherry seed.
Answer:
The thought which prompted the poet to plant the cherry tree was to have a tree of his own.

Question 2.
The threats to the cherry sapling were –
Answer:
The threats to the cherry sapling were (i) goats (ii) grass cutter (iii) monsoon

State whether the following statements are True or False and correct the false statements.

Question (i)
They destroyed the cherry tree.
Answer:
False. They damaged the cherry sapling but could not destroy it as it had a violent urge to move ahead.

Question (ii)
The cherry tree had an instinct to survive.
Answer:
True

Question (iii)
The blossoms are fragile.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The poet felt richer because –
Answer:
The poet felt richer because he had a six feet high cherry tree of his own at his door.

Question 5.
The beneficiaries of the cherry tree are –
Answer:

1. The finches, that is, the seed-eating songbirds.
2. The ecstatic bees who drank nectar from each bloom.
3. The moon-moths who took shelter in the tree.
4. The singing crickets who took shelter in the tree.
5. Of course, the poet himself who claims to be the owner of the tree, provides enjoyment for himself as well as other beneficiaries.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the web to show the growth of the cherry tree. (Answers are given directly in bold)

Answer:

Question 2.
Describe the struggle of the cherry tree during its growth.
Answer:
The young cherry tree had to really work hard to grow into a full-grown tree. It had pushed itself strongly and aggressively in order to get the benefit of light, air and sun. It had nobody to take care and so it had to make its own effort to fulfill its desire to survive and develop.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
State in about 50 words your worries about cutting of trees for human habitation. Suggest atleast one solution.
Answer:
I understand the necessity of providing place for human habitation but at the same time I am worried about cutting of trees for that purpose which is one of the main causes of environmental pollution. My suggestion is to make it compulsory for all housing societies to plant trees to get ‘No Objection Certificate’.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Without using any rhyming pattern, write a poem of four lines about your enjoyment in thfe company of your friend.
Answer:
My friends are my assets, my lifeline,
our togetherness, everyone’s envy. We fight, we patch up,
we cherish our love and loyalty.
We’re committed to protect our friendship,
protect we must.

Appreciation:

Question 1.
Write a critical appreciation of the extract with the help of the following points. (100 -150 words).

1. About the extract
2. Theme and significance
3. Poetic style, language, features / poetic devices
4. Inspirational message, moral, reflected
5. Your opinion and critical evaluation of the extract.

Answer:
The extract brings out the struggle for survival of the cherry tree which had nobody to take care of it. It also depicts the excitement of the poet when he sees the full-grown tree with ripened berries hanging from it.

The poet has used simple language and common figures of speech like Alliteration, Antithesis to express the process of growth of the cherry tree and his own excitement of seeing the six-feet high tree.

But the extract also draws attention towards the qualities needed to survive and be a winner. The poet appreciates the cherry tree’s process of growth and is proud to own it. His satisfaction comes out very clearly like the proud parents who glow in the glory of their child. The will-power of the young plant to grow and the appreciation of the poet of the fully-grown cherry tree appeal to me immensely as a reader.

Glossary:

1. scythe – mowing and reaping tool with slightly long curved blade attached to a handle used to cut long grass and grain
2. blight – a plant disease typically one caused by fungi
3. shrivelled – wrinkled or shrunken due to lack of moisture
4. dried slender – thin
5. struggle – making forceful against odds
6. thrust – to push with sudden impulse or force
7. fierce – displaying a violent urge
8. lust – strong desire
9. miracle – a welcoming or happy event developing by chance that cannot be explained with reason or science
10. scarcely – almost not
11. ripened (ripen) – became or made ripe
12. jeweled- adorned with jewels
13. blossoms – bloom
14. fragile – weak
15. finches- a small seed-eating songbird flitted – pass lightly softly or rapidly
16. dappled – marked with rounded patches
17. ecstasy – a feeling of greatest happiness
18. nectar – a sweet fluid secreted by plants
19. moon-moths – a large pale long green moth
20. crickets – an insect, characteristic for it is its musical chirping sound.

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 English Yuvakbharati Solutions Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills

11th English Digest Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Ajoy and Sujoy went to watch a cricket match. They enjoyed it very much, but they missed their friends Vinay and Sunay. Next day, when the four friends met, Ajoy reported how the game was played, how the players performed and how the game ended. Sujoy told them that they missed Vinay and Sunay very much and they were eager to tell them about the enjoyments.

Question (i)
Complete the following sentences:
Answer:
(a) Ajay reported about the strategy of the game, the performance of the players and the way the game had ended.
(b) Sujoy reported about their feeling of missing their other two friends Vinay and Sunay and also about their eagerness to tell them how much they had enjoyed watching the cricket match.

Question (ii)
The word ‘report’ means –
(a) Give a spoken or written account of something.
(b) Cover an event or subject as a journalist or reporter.
Answer:
(a) Give a spoken or written account of something.

2.

Question (i)
Find out the meaning of the following words:
Answer:
(a) Reportage: The reporting of news by the press and the broadcasting media.
(b) Reporter: A person employed to find out informations about the news events and describe them for a newspaper, magazine, radio or television.
(c) Reported Speech: When a speaker’s words are reported in subordinate clauses governed by a reporting verb and the necessary changes of person and tense.
(d) Reportorial: A writer, investigator or presenter of news stories.

Question (ii)
Make a list of the factors which make war stories or war-movies interesting.
Answer:
(a) They are usually based on historical facts.
(b) They need to have a gripping story line.
(c) They help us to understand the risks and sacrifices of the soilders.
(d) They make us realize the importance of peaceful co-existence and the futility of war.

(A1)

Question (i)
Imagine that you are about to interview the writer. Write 10 to 15 questions regarding the operation.
Answer:
On the 20th Anniversary of Kargil war, we remember an armed conflict between India and Pakistan in the Kargil District of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control. We are fortunate to have in our studio General Ved Prakash Malik, who was the Chief of the Army Staff of India at that time.

Excerpts from the Interview :

1. Good Morning, General Malik ! We are fortunate to have you in our studio on a day which is considered a zed-letter day in Indian history. What is the first word that comes to your mind when Kargil war is mentioned?
2. How confident were you about Indian Victory?
3. Was our Army prepared for such a difficult operation? Please give one or two examples.
4. Your book on ‘Kargil’ says it all. How did you feel while narrating or rather reporting the events of those days?
5. Kargil was the first war in Indian military history when media covered the entire battle live. How did you feel when you watched the coverage?
6. What was your first reaction when this proposal came from media?
7. You must have spent many sleepless nights when your boys were fighting a tough battle in Kargil. Share with us some of your experiences of those days.
8. We have heard many stories of Kargil war like Vikram Batra, ‘Yeh Dil Mange More’. Tell us one or two of your unforgettable memories associated with ‘Operation Vijay’.
9. There must be some memories of disappointments also. How did you handle them?
10. What is your comment on the humanitarian norms maintained even at a time of emergency?
11. How are the families of the Armymen involved when a war like this goes on?
12. What was your first reaction when you heard about the moment of victory?
13. What were your key words to your boys when you talked to them after they successfully accomplished the tough job?
14. My last question to you is what do you want to say to the civilians about their behaviour during a war or a war-like situation?

Thank You very much General Malik for giving your valuable time to our viewers and all of us to make us know so many facts about the Kargil war.

(A2)

Question (i)
Enlist any four facts which made the capturing of Tiger Hill a national challenge.
Answer:

1. The top of the Tiger Hill appeared almost impossible to capture since the enemy position on this mountaintop dominated parts of Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway.
2. Bad weather and a poor visibility due to darkness were two major hindrances for the Indian Army.
3. Accurate firing by the well-trained enemy soldiers from the southernmost high ground was stalling the Indian Army for some time.
4. Prevention of enemy reinforcements was an urgent necessity to evict the enemy from the Tiger Hill.

Question (ii)
Different arms and ammunitions are mentioned in the excerpt. Find their names.
Answer:
Some of the arms and ammunitions used in the operation Tiger Hill are :

1. Bofors Guns
2. Individual Guns
3. Multi barrelled Grad rocket launchers
4. Mortars
5. Artillery
6. Grenades
7. Field and medium guns

Question (iii)
“Wars are not fought only on the battlefield’. Comment.
Answer:
This statement is true. Since in every walk of life, people have to fight to get their demands fulfilled and justice to prevail. The military war is, of course, fought in the battlefield but the family of the soldiers and the civilians also get involved since the country goes through a difficult phase.

In our day to day life also, we have to fight a number of battles. War against corruption, diseases, price-rise, natural disasters causing immense suffering and the fight one has to do to combat that, are all the wars that are not fought in the actual battlefield. They also have to be fought on the battlefield of life and they are the struggles for survival.

Question (iv)
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
Answer:
(a) Throughout the last week of June 1999, 18 Grenadiers probed to establish the extent of the enemy’s defences.
(b) They also explored to find out suitable routes for the assault.
(c) After confirming the multidirectional assault as the best strategy, the commanding officer drew up an elaborate artillery fire plan.
(d) Individual guns were ranged so as to cover each objective.
(e) Bofors guns were used in a direct firing role.

Question (v)
Complete the flow chart showing the events on the day of the assault.

Answer:
Question (vi)
Rewrite the given statements in their order of occurrence.
The most difficult task of maintaining the hold on Tiger Hill was achieved in this way :
(a) 8 Sikh was ordered to attack and capture Helmet and India Gate.
(b) Bodies of the Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.
(c)During the ferocious artillery duels the Grenadiers hung on their precarious perch with grit and determination.
(d) 8 Sikh fought back successfully two counterattacks with forty to fifty personnel.
(e) An adhoc column of 8 Sikh climbed the steep rock and captured India Gate.
(f) In spite of heavy casualties, 8 Sikh captured Helmet on 5 July.
Answer:
(a) During the ferocious artillery duels the Grenadiers hung on their precarious perch with grit and determination.
(b) 8 Sikh was ordered to attack and capture Helmet and India Gate.
(c) An adhoc column of 8 Sikh climbed the steep rock and captured India Gate.
(d) In spite of heavy casualties, 8 Sikh captured Helmet on 5th July.
(e) 8 Sikh fought back successfully two counterattacks with forty to fifty personnel.
(f) Bodies of Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.

(A3)

Question (i)
Find out the meanings of the following idioms / phrases and use them in your own sentences.
Answer:

1. To hit the bull’s eye – get something exactly right.
   The reporter’s comments on the negligence of the authority hit the bull’s eve.
2. To be taken by surprise – to shock someone by one’s sudden appearance on action.
   The enemy soldiers were taken by surprise when our soldiers attacked them suddenly.
3. To get a toehold – to get an initial, stable position to proceed further.
   My friend is trying to get a toehold in the entertainment industry by doing modelling.
4. Under the cover of – hidden or protected by
   The freedom fighters carried on many of their attacks under the cover of darkness.

Question (ii)
Find words from the text related to the war affairs.
Answer:
Brigadier, commander, capture, evicting, enemy, defense, mission, Mountain Brigade, artillery, combat, Grenadiers, strategy, assault, field, regiment, guns, The Air Force, military, target, company, infantry, captain, firefighting, duels, commando, hand-to-hand fight, bombardment, counterattack, battle, courage, reinforcements, Major, Lieutenant, soldiers, Subedar, casualties, Naib, Subedar, recapture, outcome, valour, victory.

(A4)

Question (i)
Find out the sentence with ‘Though, Although, Even though or But’ from the text and say its purpose.
Answer:
Although 18 Grenadiers held the top now, linking up with them was not so easy. Though/Although are subordinating conjunction which is used to introduce a subordinate clause and it needs a main clause to make it complete.

Question (ii)
Put ‘a/an’ or ‘the’ at proper places. Put a cross (x) where no article is applicable.
Answer:

1. Ravi walked up to the principal’s cabin.
2. Ahmed lives in a small town.
3. Can I use × Cell Phone?
4. Who’s the woman in your office?
5. I need an English-Marathi dictionary.

(A5)

Question (i)
Imagine you are one of the soldiers from 18 Grenadiers on the mission Tiger Hill. Narrate your experience of the war to your friend.
Answer:
Today I get goosebumps when I narrate to you about our mission Tiger Hill. Thankfully, at that time we were mentally alert and were prepared to combat our enemy. Now, I can refer to the incident as a ‘story’ but it is a reality to fight for the honour of our Motherland. I was one of the members or I should say soldiers of 18 Grenadiers who were assigned the mission of capturing the Tiger Hill with 8 Sikh, which was already posted at the base.

Moreover, a crack-team, that is, a highly specialized team of soldiers who could respond quickly and smartly, were with us to assist. We found out the extent of our enemy’s strength and searched for the suitable routes to attack. I still remember, on 3rd July, 1999, at 7pm, we started our multidirectional attack with the support of our fire power of artillery and mortars. You can’t imagine how bad the weather was.

There was darkness all around and it was extremely cold. In spite of all adversities, we were successful in holding the top of the Tiger Hill, but connecting with other companies was very difficult. The enemy camp also came out of their initial surprise and fierce counterattacks started immediately. Casualties were many and the numbers were increasing, but by God’s grace we could hold on the top, facing all dangers.

I must say here that my colleague Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav and his team showed exceptional courage. 8 Sikh team decided another strategy of stopping the supply route to our enemy and that worked wonders.

To cut a long story short, finally the entire mission was accomplished on 3rd July, 1999 at night. We captured the Tiger Hill Top, though heavy fighting was still going on. But the enemy was unable to dislodge us and we won this fierce battle, thank God !

Today, as I narrated the happenings of those days, my eyes were filled with tears. We have won the Kargil war, our operation Vijay, but I have lost many of my friends. I salute those martyrs. They are the bravehears who sacrificed their lives to safeguard the prestige of our dear Motherland, India.

Question (ii)
Would you like to join Indian Army/Navy/ Air force? If not, suggest other ways in which you could serve your nation.
Answer:
I may not join Indian Army / Navy / Air Force but I want to be a teacher and facilitate all round development , of my students. I believe ‘Examples are better than precept’ .

So, I shall never try to preach, but follow certain principles in my own life to motivate the students to become not only sincere in studies but be good human beings to be assets to the nation. The bravehearts who captured the Tiger Hill Top by sheer grit and determination have taught me the lesson of hard work, perseverance and devotion. I shall try to inspire my students to achieve these qualities to be pillars which will hold the nation strongly.

Question (iii)
Report Writing:

Question (i)
Study the web diagram and write the characteristics of report writing.
Answer:
A report should present factual and unbiased informations in brief and then analyze the facts. The reporter need to convert the comments of a person in indirect speech. He/she should always write a report in past tense and use passive voice.

Question (a)
You are Sharad Mathur, the General Secretary of the Sports Club of your college. Write a brief report of the Annual Sports activities for the college magazine.
Answer:
Annual Sports Activities 2019-20

Sharad Mathur.
(General Secretary, Sports Club)

27 December 2019

The sports club of xyz college, Ghatkopar had planned Annual Sports Activities for the academic session 2019-2020.

A variety of indoor and outdoor games were listed and our principals Dr. Atul Shanbag had approved the entire list. The professor-in-charge for sports, Shri Pankj Malhotra and his team of students had arranged for Inter-Collegiate Sports meet also where many colleges from Mumbai and its suburbs were invited to participate. The response was overwhelming. But, -before that, many intra college competitions were organized for our students to get enough practice.

Sports events were planned for the teachers also where teachers from other colleges in our college campus participated. These activities were interesting and the students enjoyed a lot.

As General Secretary of the Sports Club, I thank our principal, sports teacher and all the teachers of our college as well as teachers of our college campus and my dear fellow students for making the sports activities of their academic year, a grand success.

Question (b)
Your school organised ‘Van Mahotsav Day’ recently. Write in about 100 to 150 words a report to be published in the school magazine.
Answer:
Van Mahotsav Celebration

XYZ
Secretary, Green Earth

6 June 2019

Van Mahotsav was celebrated by Green Earth, the environment club of our college with a lot of interest from the students on 5th June, the World Environment Day. The Mayor of Mumbai, was the Chief Guest and she planted a sapling on the college compound. The principal Ms. Shobha Patil urged the students and the teachers to plant more trees and to launch a campaign to save the environment.

Speaking on the occasion, Mayor Ms. Chande told that God had created environment and human beings to stay in harmony with each other. But unfortunately the imbalance between the two was disturbing. We should join hands to remove this imbalance.

Students of XIth standard presented a street play on saving the environment. A Cultural Programme concentrating on environment-friendly topics, was presented by the students. The programme ended with the vote of thanks offered by the secretary of the Environment Club of the college, who expressed his gratitude to everybody present there for encouraging such awareness drive.

Question (c)
You are the secretary of the NSS unit of your college. Write a brief report of the Blood Donation Camp arranged by your unit.
Answer:
Blood Donation Camp, 2019

Sushant Mehta
Secretary, NSS Unit

27 June 2019

The NSS unit of our college organized a blood donation camp on 24th June,2019 at 9am in the college premises. Dr. Ashok Patel, the eminent surgeon of KEM Hospital. Was the chief guest.

The programme started with the college prayer. NSS Convenor, Shri Ashish Chopra Sir, welcomed the chief guest and introduced him. Our principal, in her speech, thanked the respected chief guest, for sparing his valuable time to motivate the donors, for the noble cause.

Dr. Patel, in his simple but motivating words made the donors aware that blood donation was safe for healthy adult and there was no risk for contracting diseases as new sterile equipments are used for each donor. He also informed that the donor’s body usually replaced the liquid part of blood within 72 hours after giving blood. He advised the donors to take healthy meal, plenty of water and to have a good night’s sleep. One of the members of the NSS Unit offered Vote of thanks. The Blood Donation Camp was grand success because of the overwhelming response from the student donors and some of our teachers.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
During the war the soldiers need to plan strategies.
1. Find the strategies planned.
2. Find some words related with such strategies.
Answer:
1. The strategies planned were:
(a) A thorough investigation to find out the extent of the enemy’s defenses
(b) To look out for the probable routes of the attac k
(e) Drawing of a detailed fire plan of the heavy weapons by the commanding officers
(d) Individual guns were ranged to cover each target
(e) Bofors guns were used in a direct firing with accuracy
2. Words related with such strategies are: scout, probe, enemy’s defences, suitable route, strategy, fire plan, direct firing, assault, targeted, accuracy.

Question 2.
The enemy was taken aback due to the steps taken by the Indian Army. With the help of the text find out strategies of the Indian Army for such a situation.
Answer:
Captain Sachin Nimbalkar who was leading ‘D’ company, moved ahead with his company in a steep slope at the edge of the plateau ignoring darkness and bad weather. The enemy could never imagine that this could be made possible by the Indian soldiers and naturally they were surprised. There was another surprise waiting for the enemy when Lieutenant Balwan Singh along with ‘C’ Company and Ghatak (Commando) platoon could reach through one of the most difficult north eastern extension of the mountain, just thirty meters away from the top.

Both these approaches caught the enemy unaware and the Indian Army achieved their objective. Media supported and assisted the battle live. Guess the risks of the media people as well as of the army. The live coverage of media has its pros and cons. It is indeed a sign of progress and helps the army to access their strategies at the break of the war or after the war.

But too much of transparency can create confusion and invite criticism from the world around. Of course, there are always the risks of loss of lives as well as severe injuries of the civilian media people who might not have proper military training.

A great humanitarian norm is maintained during the battle. Find out and comment on it. At the time of war, it is important to remember basic humanitarian principles of life and the Indian Army has done exactly that while handling the casualties in the battle of Kargil.

Pakistani Captain Karnal Sher Khan lost his life in the counterattack from Indian Army. His body was handed over to Pakistani authorities with due respect. Other bodies of the deceased Pakistani soldiers, which were lying all over the battleground, were collected and cremated appropriately with the proper honour, a martyr deserved. The narrator uses selective words to express the Victory. They are:

1. Jubilation
2. Relief
3. Replaced gloomy mood of the people
4. Stabilized Situation.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Rewrite the given statements in their order of occurance:
(i) 18 Grenadiers probed to scout for suitable routes for the assault.
(ii) A crack team assisted both 18 Grenadiers and 8 Sikh.
(iii) Air Force joined Tiger Hill Mission on 2-3 July.
(iv) Media Projected Mission Tiger Hill as a national challenge.
Answer:
(iv) Media Projected Mission Tiger Hill as a national challenge.
(ii) A crack team assisted both 18 Grenadiers and 8 Sikh.
(i) 18 Grenadiers probed to scout for suitable routes for the assault.
(iii) Air Force joined Tiger Hill Mission on 2-3 July.

Say whether the following statements are true or false and correct the false statements.

Question (i)
The bodies of the Pakistani Soldiers were handed over to the Pakistani authorities.
Answer:
False. The bodies of the Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.

Question (ii)
The writer got the news of the captured hill in the early morning.
Answer:
True

Question (iii)
When the Defence Minister landed at the New Delhi airport, the writer gave him the exciting news.
Answer:
False. The Defense Minister landed at the Amritsar airport

Question (iv)
The Indians were in a gloomy mood when the war was going on.
Answer:
True

Complex Factual

Question 1.
Why did the media project Tiger Hill Mission as a national heritage?
Answer:
The clear visibility of the top of the Tiger Hill from the highway posed a big challenge for the Army. Not only was it exposed to everybody but the level of difficulty could also be felt before the beginning of the mission. That made the media come to the conclusion of referring Tiger Hill Mission, a challenge for the nation since all the activities of the soldiers could be seen.

Question 2.
Why was the writer keen to make the announcement on 4th July.
Answer:
The writer was keen to make the announcement of the recapture of the Tiger Hill to the world as a meeting was scheduled on the same day between the Prime Minister of Pakistan and the President of the USA. As Pakistan always denied the existence of such a mountain feature labelling it as a figment of Indian imagination, it was important for the world to know the reality, making Pakistani denial impossible.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
Make a list of four strategies that were planned for Mission Tiger Hill.
Answer:
The strategies planned were:

1. A thorough investigation to find out the extent of the enemy’s defenses
2. To look out for the probable routes of the attack
3. Drawing of a detailed fire plan of the heavy weapons by the commanding officers
4. Individual guns were ranged to cover each target

Question 2.
Why did the writer decide to wait for the announcement of the capture of the Tiger Hill? Explain. Answer:
The writer, after consulting to GOC 15 Corps and Nirmal Chander Vij decided to wait for officer’s announcement of the victory since heavy fighting was going on. There was still no confirmation from GOC 8 Mountain Division who was at the forefront. So, the writer decided for the authentic news to come to him from somebody who was at the war front.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Explain whether you support live media coverage of the war.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with General Malik when he talks about transparency through the live media coverage. It is definitely a sign of progress and must be helpful for the Army for the assessment of their strategies. But, at the same time, live media coverage can create confusion which the reporters need to be careful about.

Question 2.
Express your feeling after reading the passage.
Answer:
I feel proud about Indian soldiers who took risks to save the pride of our Motherland. I am also extremely impressed by the respect showed to the enemy soldiers who also laid their lives for their country. I respect the way the writer has shown his responsibility to make an official announcement.

Language Study:

Question (i)
A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy.
(Use the word ‘Good’and rewrite)
Answer:
No other strategy emerged as good as a simultaneous multidirectional assault.

Question (ii)
The Air Force targeted Tiger Hill on 2-3 July and hit the bull’s eye several times. (Use ‘Not only But also’and rewrite)
Answer:
Not only did the Air Force target Tiger Hill on 2-3 July but also hit the bull’s eyes several times.

Question (iii)
In India, wave of jubilation and relief replaced the gloomy mood of the people.
(Use ‘not only but also’)
Answer:
In India, not only a wave of jubilation but also relief replaced the gloomy mood of the people.

Question (iv)
The enemy would not be able to dislodge 18 Grenadiers. (Remove Negative)
Answer:
The enemy would be unable to dislodge 18 Grenadiers.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Pick up some names of the artillery used for Mission Tiger Hill.
Answer:
Bofors guns, rocket launchers, field and medium guns, mortars.

Question 2.
Give noun forms of the following adding suffixes.

1. confirm
2. bury
3. collect
4. consult

Answer:

1. Confirmation
2. burial
3. collection
4. consultation

Grammar:

Question 1.
Use of a/an/the
a/an – Indefinite articles
‘a’ is used with consonents and ‘an’ is used with vowels, that is, with the letters, ‘a,e,i,o,u’. They are used when we mention something for the first time, e.g., ‘And on the mountain stands a tree’.
But, ‘the’, a definite article, is used with something already mentioned, e.g., ‘And on the tree there is a branch’.

Glossary:

1. majestically – with impressive beauty
2. vicinity – surrounding area
3. features – characteristics
4. projected – predicted
5. episode – incident / event
6. assigned – allotted / given
7. grenadiers – soldiers armed with Grenades
8. crack – team – highly specialized team who can do things quickly and smartly
9. combat – action / battle
10. scout – look out
11. spell – a short period
12. elaborate – detailed
13. assault – strike / hit
14. mortars – short, smooth bore-guns
15. transparency – clarity / openness
16. artillery – heavy weapons
17. intermediate – middle / in-between
18. negotiate – arrange / work out
19. steep – sharp
20. inclement – cold / chilly
21. orchestrated – planned
22. duels – Fight between two people to settle a point
23. bombardment – shelling
24. wore off – lessened / faded
25. gearing up – preparing for an activity
26. casualties – losses / deaths
27. grit – courage
28. evict – oust / remove
29. reinforcements – extra persons sent to increase the strength of the army
30. platoon – squad / unit
31. reverse – backwards
32. scattered – spread over large area
33. dislodge – remove / displace
34. confirmation – support
35. outcome – result
36. a figment of imagination – something made up / created by one’s mind
37. jubilation – joy / great happiness
38. gloomy – depressing / cheerless
39. acquitted – conducted oneself
40. velour – courage
41. battalion – army / contingent / unit
42. adjacent – situated near or close to something,
43. evicting: to remove somebody from a house or land, especially with the support of law
44. well- fortified – to strengthen a place well against attack
45. mission – a particular task done by a person or a group a particular aim or duty that one wants to fulfill more than anything else
46. protrusion – a thing that extends from the place or from the surface something that sticks out,spur- an area of high ground extending from a mountain or hill
47. escarpment – a long,steep slope at the edge of a plateau
48. precarious – not safe,dangerous,
49. perch – a high seat or position
50. adhoc – adv- when necessary or needed
51. tenure – the act or a period of holding an important, especially political position

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Secretarial Practice Solutions Chapter 6 Correspondence with Members Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Secretarial Practice Solutions Chapter 6 Correspondence with Members

1A. Select the correct answer from the options given below and rewrite the statements.

Question 1.
Directors are the ____________
(a) paid employee of the company
(b) representatives of the shareholders
(c) creditors of the company
Answer:
(b) representatives of the shareholders

Question 2.
The dividend is to be paid to the shareholders within ____________ days from the date of declaration.
(a) 30
(b) 40
(c) 20
Answer:
(a) 30

Question 3.
Registered shareholders receive dividend through ____________ warrant.
(a) share
(b) debenture
(c) dividend
Answer:
(c) dividend

Question 4.
Shares issued free of cost to the shareholders are known as ____________ shares.
(a) preference
(b) equity
(c) bonus
Answer:
(b) equity

Question 5.
Share Certificate should be ready for delivery by the company within ____________ months after the allotment of shares.
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 2
Answer:
(c) 2

Question 6.
Secretarial correspondence with members should be ____________
(a) lengthy
(b) shortcut
(c) prompt and precise
Answer:
(c) prompt and precise

Question 7.
Dividend is recommended by ____________
(a) Board of Directors
(b) shareholders
(c) Depositors
Answer:
(a) Board of Directors

Question 8.
Dividend is paid out of ____________ of the company.
(a) Capital
(b) Building Fund
(c) Profit
Answer:
(c) Profit

Question 9.
____________ is issued by the company to its registered shareholders after the declaration of dividend at the Annual General Meeting of the company.
(a) Dividend Warrant
(b) Interest Warrant
(c) Share Warrant
Answer:
(a) Dividend Warrant

1B. Match the pairs.

Question 1.

Answer:

1C. Write a word or term or a phrase which can substitute each of the following statements.

Question 1.
Shares given free of cost to the existing equity shareholders.
Answer:
Bonus shares

Question 2.
Instrument for payment of dividend.
Answer:
Dividend Warrant

Question 3.
The shareholders to whom the bonus shares are issued.
Answer:
Equity shareholders

Question 4.
The authority which recommends the rate of dividend.
Answer:
Board of Directors

Question 5.
An officer who comes into contact with all the members of the company through correspondence.
Answer:
Secretary

Question 6.
A special kind of cheque issued by a company on its banker to pay certain sum of money as dividend to its members.
Answer:
Dividend warrant

1D. State whether the following statement are True or False.

Question 1.
Bonus shares are issued to existing equity shareholders.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Building fund is used for issue of bonus shares.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Bonus shares means capitalisation of reserve fund.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Registered shareholder gets dividend through dividend coupons.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Dividend is the portion of the profits of the company which is allotted to the holders of the debentures of the company.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Every company must issue or dispatch a share certificate to the allottee within three months after allotment of shares.
Answer:
False

Question 7.
A complaint letter should not be replied promptly.
Answer:
True

1E. Find the odd one.

Question 1.
Secrecy, Dividend, Interest
Answer:
Secrecy

Question 2.
Bonus Letter, Dividend Letter, Board of Directors
Answer:
Board of directors

Question 3.
Dividend Warrant, Interest Warrant, Demat
Answer:
Demat

Question 4.
Secretary, Board of Directors, Dividend, Lucid Language
Answer:
Lucid Language

1F. Complete the sentences.

Question 1.
Dividend is recommended by ____________
Answer:
Board of Directors

Question 2.
A company capitalises its Reserve Fund for issue of ____________ shares.
Answer:
Bonus

Question 3.
Payment of dividend must be made within ____________ days of its declaration.
Answer:
30

Question 4.
Dividend is approved by the ____________ in the Annual General Meeting.
Answer:
Shareholders

Question 5.
The ____________ has to communicate the decisions of the management to the members by conducting correspondence.
Answer:
Secretary

1G. Select the correct option from the bracket.

Question 1.

(Written communication, Bonus shares, Dividend, ECS)
Answer:

1H. Answer in one sentence.

Question 1.
What is dividend warrant?
Answer:
Dividend warrant is written order given by the company to its banker to pay amount mentioned in it to the shareholder whose name is specified therein.

Question 2.
What is capitalization of reserve?
Answer:
Capitalization of reserves is the use of corporate reserves to pay a bonus to the shareholders in the form of additional shares.

Question 3.
What is Dividend?
Answer:
Dividend is the portion of profits of the company which is distributed to the shareholders of the company.

Question 4.
Who recommends the rate of dividend?
Answer:
The Board of Directors of the company recommends the rate of dividend.

Question 5.
Which type of shareholders enjoys the benefit of Bonus Shares?
Answer:
Equity share holders enjoy the benefit of bonus shares.

Question 6.
What is meant by payment of dividend electronically?
Answer:
Payment of dividend electronically means transfer of dividend amount through ECS (Electronic Clearing Service) NEFT(National Electronic Fund Transfer) etc.

1I. Correct the underlined word and rewrite the following sentences.

Question 1.
Dividend is recommended by shareholders.
Answer:
Dividend is recommended by shareholder.

Question 2.
The person who purchases shares of the company is called Depositor.
Answer:
The person who purchases shares of the company is called shareholder.

Question 3.
Bonus shares are issued as a free gift to the preference shareholders.
Answer:
Bonus shares are issued as a free gift to the equity shareholders.

Question 4.
Payment of dividend must be made within 21 days of its declaration.
Answer:
Payment of dividend must be made within 30 days of its declaration.

Question 5.
A company must issue the Share Certificate within three months of allotment of shares.
Answer:
A company must issue the Share Certificate within two months of allotment of shares.

1J. Arrange in proper order.

Question 1.
(a) Allotment of shares
(b) Application for shares
(c) Share certificate
Answer:
(a) Application for shares
(b) Allotment of shares
(c) Share certificate

Question 2.
(a) Member
(b) Applicant
(c) Bonus shares
Answer:
(a) Applicant
(b) Member
(c) Bonus shares

2. Explain the following terms/concepts.

Question 1.
Capitalisation of Reserve
Answer:
Capitalisation of reserves is the use of corporate reserves to pay a bonus to the shareholders in the form of additional shares. It is distributed to equity shareholders in pre-determined ratio.

Question 2.
Bonus Shares
Answer:
Bonus shares are fully paid up shares given by a company as a gift out of its accumulated profits or reserves to the existing equity share holders in proportion of shares held by them. It is given free of cost and also known as capitalization of reserves.

Question 3.
Dividend Warrant
Answer:
Dividend warrant is written order given by the company to its banker to pay amount mentioned in it to the shareholder whose name is specified therein. Dividend can be paid through Dividend warrant or by means of electronic mode ECS or NEFT etc. to those shareholders who are registered members i.e their names appear in the Register of members.

3. Answer in brief.

Question 1.
Which precautions are to be taken by the Secretary while corresponding with members?
Answer:
The Secretary has to communicate the decisions of the Management and other information to the members through correspondence. The Secretary should be very cautious and careful while corresponding with members of the company. Writing letters to the members is a challenging task and it requires skills, knowledge and techniques.
Following are the precautions that are needed to be taken by the secretary while writing different letters on different occasions:
(i) Correct Information:
The Secretary should always provide correct, up- to date and factual information to the members. Due care should be taken while giving facts and figures.

(ii) Lucid Language:
The Secretary must use simple words and sentences and adopt convincing style while writing letters to the members. The use of simple language makes it easy to understand. Technical words, long sentences should be avoided in the letter.

(iii) Prompt Response:
The Secretary must be prompt in sending replies to the letters received from the members. Any questions or queries raised by the members must be replied promptly by the Secretary. Complaint letters should be attended to without any delay.

(iv) Secrecy:
The Secretary should not disclose any confidential information of the company to the members. The Secretary should tactfully answer letters without giving any secret information of the company.

(v) Politeness (Courtesy):
A courteous letter shows sympathy, respect mutual understanding and consideration for the receiver. Use of courteous language means using polite words. A complaint letter should be replied politely. Rude language should be strictly avoided as it spoils image of the company.

(vi) Legal matters:
The Secretary should compulsorily follow provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 with latest amendments and other relevant laws. If necessary, secretary should consult with legal advisor on certain matters before drafting.

(vii) Consideration:
The Secretary should give importance and consideration to the reader and write the contents keeping in mind the problems of the member. While sending negative replies, he should draft these letters more carefully, so that members should not be hurt. Secretary should make the member feel that the management honestly regrets refusal.

(viii) Image of the Company:
The Secretary should try to project good image of the company in every situation. While drafting the letters, Secretary has to try his best to remove their doubts, queries and difficulties in a polite and courteous manner.

Question 2.
What are the circumstances under which Secretary undertakes correspondence with members?
Answer:
The following are the various occasions when the Secretary writes the letters to the members of the company:

• Allotment Letter when shares are issued to an applicant.
• Letter of Regret when shares are not issued to an applicant for any reason.
• Letter for issue of Share Certificate to the allotted members.
• Letter for Payment of Dividend through Dividend Warrant or Electronic Payment of Dividend.
• Letter for issue of Bonus Shares or rights issue.
• Reply letter to the query of the member on low rate of dividend.
• Approval of Transfer of Shares after serving lodgement notice to the transferor as well as the transferee.
• Refusal of Transfer of Shares, if call money is unpaid or any lien.
• Notice and Agenda of General Meeting.
• Reply to certain queries raised by the members.
• Letters to legal representatives regarding Transmission of Shares.
• Notice of loss of Share Certificate.

4. Justify the following statements.

Question 1.
The Company Secretary should take certain precautions while corresponding with members.
Answer:

• The Secretary has to communicate the decisions of the management and other information to the members through correspondence and hence, should be very cautious and careful while corresponding with members of the company. The Secretary should take precautionary measures while writing the letter by giving due respect to the members, and also provide complete and correct information techniques.
• The Secretary should always provide correct, up- to date and factual information to the members.
• The language used should be simple and convincing.
• The Secretary must be prompt in sending replies to the letters received from the members.
• He should compulsorily follow provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 with latest amendments and other relevant laws.
• The Secretary should try to project good image of the company in every situation.
• Thus, it is rightly said that, the Company Secretary should take certain precautions while corresponding with members.

Question 2.
There are certain circumstances when a Secretary has to correspond with members.
Answer:

• Secretary correspond with members on behalf of the company.
• Secretary acts as a link between the company and its members.
• When the shares are allotted to the members they are been informed through the allotment letter. Similarly, if the application of shares has been rejected then members are been informed by the regret letter.
• Secretary also informs members through letters on various occasions like issue of share certificate, payment of dividend, issue of bonus share, reply to the query raised by the member, etc.
• Thus, it is rightly said that, there are certain circumstances when a Secretary has to correspond with members.

5. Attempt the following.

Question 1.
Write a letter to the shareholder regarding issue of Bonus Shares.
Answer:

YASH INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Registered Office: 102, New MIDC, Usha Tower, Shahu Chowk, Mumbai – 400 031.
CIN : L40407 MH 2005 PLC710007

Tel. No.: 022-23252323
Fax No.: 022-23600445
Ref. No.: Y/MR-B/5/19-20

Website: www.yashindustrieslimited.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 16th October, 2019

Ms. Yukta Shroff
715, Narayan Peth,
Laxmi Road,
Pune – 411 038.

Sub.: Issue of Bonus Shares

Dear Madam,

I am directed by the Board of Directors to inform you that in accordance with the resolution passed in the Extra-ordinary General Meeting of the company held on 14th October, 2019, shareholders have unanimously approved the recommendation of Board of Directors to issue Bonus Shares. Bonus Shares are issued in the ratio of 1:1, i.e. one additional equity share for every equity share held as on 13th October, 2019.

The Details of issue of Bonus Shares are as follows:

The Company has complied with the provisions for the issue of Bonus Shares.
The Bonus Shares issued will rank pari passu /equal with the existing equity shares.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Yash Industries Limited

Sign
(Mr. S. R. Naik)
Company Secretary

Question 2.
Write a letter to the member for the issue of Share Certificate.
Ans.

COMFORT MOTORS LTD.
Registered Office : A/30, Aurora Towers, M. G. Road, Camp, Pune 411 012.
CIN : U12111 MH 2000 PCL300477

Tel. No.: 020-80032844
Fax No.: 020-50063015
Ref. No.: C/MR-SC/30/19-20

Website: www.comfortmotorsltd.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 12th November, 2019

Mr. Jayant Modi
Abhiman Apartment
30, L. B. Road,
Pune-411 001.

Sub.: Issue of Share Certificate

Dear Sir,
As per your Request Application No. 50, I am, hereby, authorized by the Board to issue you a Share Certificate. The said Share Certificate will be delivered to you within 15 days from the date of this letter by registered post to your registered address as mentioned in the Register of Members.

It shall always be our endeavor/attempt to provide best of our services to you.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Comfort Motors Ltd.

Sign
Mr. Anand Swami
Company Secretary

Question 3.
Write a letter to the member for the payment of dividend through Dividend Warrant.
Answer:

ANMOL STEEL INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Registered Office : 30, Anmol Niwas, J. M. Road, Nariman Point, Mumbai – 400 020.
CIN : L30408 MH 2003 PLC110845

Tel. No.: 022-97675877
Fax No.: 022-30010331
Ref. No.: A/MR-D/7/19-20

Website: www.anmolindustrieslimited.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 7th May, 2019

Mrs. Jyoti Surti 12, Laxmi Niwas,
Amrapali Marg, Bandra,
Mumbai – 400 050.

Sub.: Payment of Dividend on Equity Shares
(Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each at par)

Dear Madam,
As per the instructions issued by the Board of Directors it is being conveyed to you that in the, Final Dividend @ ₹ 2.5 per equity share of ₹ 10/- each has been approved by the members for the year ending 31st March, 2019 in the 31st Annual General Meeting held on 20th April, 2019.

Your company has complied with all the statutory provisions (Sec. 123 of the Companies Act. 2013) relating to declaration of dividend. Details of dividend payable to you are as follows:

The ‘Dividend Warrant’ is attached herewith. Please detach the ‘Dividend Warrant’ along the perforated line.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Anmol Steel Industries Limited.

Sign
Secretary

Encl.: Dividend Warrant

Question 4.
Write a letter to the member for the payment of Interim dividend electronically.
Answer:

GURUSAI AUTO LIMITED
Registered Office: 31, Tulsi Complex, Lodhi Road, Camp, Pune – 411 001.
CIN : L40103 MH 1999 PLC300477

Tel. No.: 020-24032844
Fax No.: 020-24356101
Ref. No.: S/MR-D/12/19-20

Website: www.gurusailimited.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 3rd June, 2019

Mr. Jay ant Modi
15, Sagar Apartment,
Van Vihar Road,
Pune-411 030.

Sub.: Payment of Interim Dividend through Electronic Clearing Service (ECS), Direct Credit/NEFT

Dear Sir,

We are pleased to inform you that the Board of Directors of Gurusai Auto Limited in its meeting held on Thursday, 28th May 2019 has declared Interim Dividend @ ₹ 1/- (i.e. 10%) per equity share of face value of ₹ 10/- each.

As per the instructions given by you (either in person or through Depository Participant), we have remitted the amount of the Interim Dividend to your Banker for crediting your Bank Account, for electronic transfer. Your company has complied with all the provisions relating to declaration and payment of dividend.

Details of Dividend payable to you are given below:

Please verify the credit of amount in your Pass Book/Statement of accounts.
As per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 no tax is required to be deducted at source in respect of Dividend payment, but dividend Distribution Tax has been paid by the Company.
Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Gurusai Auto Limited.

Sign
(Mr. Jitesh M. Gandhi)
Company Secretary

Question 5.
Draft a reply letter resolving the query of the member on low rate of dividend.
Answer:

SHREE CEMENT INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Registered Office : 31, Tulsi Tower, Bandra (East), Mumbai – 400 050
CIN : L50307 MH 2000 PLC160699

Tel. No.: 022-24245025
Fax No.: 022-45456035
Ref. No.: S/MR-D/25/19-20

Website: www.shreecementindustriesltd.com
Email: [email protected]
Date: 20th April, 2019

Ms. Kishor Malpani
15/21, Lotus Apt.,
Borivali (W),
Mumbai – 400 103.

Sub.: Resolving Query on Low Rate of Dividend made by the Company.

Dear Sir,
This is to inform you that as per your letter dated 15th April, 20191 am, hereby, authorised to resolve your query regarding the low rate of dividend paid by the company to their faithful members. The reasons for low rate of dividend are mentioned below:

1. During the last year, due to the floods, company’s factory situated at Mahim (E) was not in a condition | to operate in a full fledged manner.
2. Due to such unavoidable circumstances of natural disaster company faced huge financial losses.
3. Hence, the Board of Directors has decided to transfer ?12.5 crores to General Reserves which is 50% ; more than the amount transferred to Reserves last year.

Hope you will be satisfied by the above information as provided by the company. We assure you that company will easily come over from such unavoidable circumstances and will deliver/pay/declare much better ! dividend in the coming years.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,
For Shree Cement Industries

Sign
(Mr. Suhas Bajaj)
Company Secretary