Class 6

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 4.8 An Autumn Greeting Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 4.8 An Autumn Greeting

Class 6 English Chapter 4.8 An Autumn Greeting Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Recite the poem with proper rhythm and intonation.

An Autumn Greeting Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
Recite the poem with proper rhythm and intonation.

Class 6 English Chapter 4.8 An Autumn Greeting Additional Important Questions and Answers

Analysis of the poem.

An Autumn Greeting Poem Std 6 Question 1.
Name of the poem: An Autumn Greeting
Poet: George Cooper
Answer:
1. Central Idea: Tracing the journey of the little leaves in autumn from the treetops to their earthy beds, that is the ground and how they are embedded under the winter snow. A beautiful description of changes observed in nature during autumn.

2. Stanzas: Three stanzas with 8 lines in each stanza.

3. Poetic Device:
a. Rhyming words used:

1. day – play
2. gold – cold
3. call-all
4. flew – knew
5. went – content
6. beds – heads

(b) Figures of speech used: Personification is the figure of speech used in this poem, i.e., a figure of speech wherein inanimate objects are given the human qualities. It has added effectiveness to the human qualities. It has added to the beauty of the poem.
e.g.:
‘Come little leaves’- send the wind one day.
1. As the leaves heard the wind’s loud call.

4. Imagery:
Imagery is used to make a poem vivid and descriptive thus providing clarity to the readers. With the beautiful use of imagery the poet has taken the poem to another level.
e.g.:
Down they came fluttering,
One and all;
Over the meadows
They danced and flew ………..

An Autumn Greeting Summary in English

This journey of the leaves from the tree to their earthy beds is aided by their friend ‘the wind’. He ushers them to come over the meadows in their red and gold dresses and play with him. The wind reminds the leaves that summer has bid them goodbye, and winter has set in. The leaves as if waiting for the wind’s call, come down fluttering, dancing, flying and singing. Their journey continues till they reach their earthy beds and they fall into deep sleep with snow covered over their heads.

Introduction:

The poet describes the beauty of the autumn season. Come autumn and the leaves begin to change colour. They change into red and gold and they start falling off the trees. With the weather getting colder, the leaves are covered by the snow.

Glossary:

1. meadows (n) – a field which has grass and flowers growing on it
2. fluttering (v) – moving (flying) up and the grass down or side to side with quick movements
3. to be content (v) – to be satisfied
4. mantle (n) – (here) a layer of ice covering

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 4 Disaster Management Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 4 Disaster Management

Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Disaster Management Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What are the emergency contact numbers of the following:

Question a.
Police Control Room
Answer:
100

Question b.
Fire brigade
Answer:
101

Question c.
Ambulance
Answer:
102

Question d.
National level single emergency number for disaster relief
Answer:
108

2. What first aid will you provide in the following situations?
a. Dog bite
b. Scratches/Bleeding
c. Bums/Scalds
d. Snakebite
e. Sunstroke

Question a.
Dog bite
Answer:
First aid is some immediate aid given to a victim or patient before medical treatment is available.

1. Wash the wound with a soap solution.
2. Cover the wound with a clean and dry cloth.
3. Get a doctor’s help.

Question b.
Scratches / Bleeding
Answer:

1. Make the person sit or lie down comfortably.
2. Clean the bleeding part of the bodywith water.
3. Keep it above the level of the heart.

Question c.
Bums/scalds
Answer:

a. Minor bums

1. The injured part should be washed with water or held underwater.
2. Give the victim water to drink.
3. Clean the wounds using a cotton swab soaked in an antiseptic solution.
4. Do not apply oily ointments.
5. Cover the wound using dry dressings.

b. Serious bums

1. Give emotional support.
2. Cover the wound with sterilised cloth.
3. Remove jewellery, shoes etc. if easily possible.
4. Do not touch or burst the blisters on the skin.
5. Do not apply oily ointments.
6. Do not try to remove the cloth if it is struck to the burnt skin.
7. If the patient is conscious give water to drink but avoid tea or coffee or other stimulating drinks. Get medical aid at once.

Question d.
Snakebite
Answer:

1. Wash the wound with water.
2. Give emotional support to the patient.
3. Tie a cloth tightly above the wound.
4. Get immediate medical help.

Question e.
Sunstroke
Answer:

1. Take the patient to a cool place or in the shade.
2. Sponge the whole body with cold water.
3. Place a cloth soaked in cold water on the neck.
4. Give plenty of water or liquids like sherbets to drink.
5. If the patient feels like vomiting make him prone i.e. on his/her abdomen with the head turned to one side.
6. Get medical help or shift the patient to a hospital.

3. Write the causes of the following:
a. Floods
b. Forest fires
c. Landslides/building collapse
d. Storms
e. Earthquakes

Question a.
Floods:
Answer:

1. 1. Floods is a frequently occurring natural disaster in all parts of the world.
   2. Due to excessive rains in the same place, a river overflows its banks causing a flood.
   3. The water drainage system in big cities falls short when there is heavy rainfall, resulting in choking of gutters and drainage lines.
   4. Water overflows on to the roads and surrounding houses.

Question b.
Forest fires:

1. Forest fire is an uncontrolled fire in a forest, pasture or grasslands due to natural or man-made causes.
2. Natural causes of forest fire can be lightning, volcanic eruptions, friction amongst branches of trees in extremely hot and dry weather.
3. Man-made causes of forest fires are clearing land by burning which sometimes goes out of control.
4. Campers and hikers sometimes leave behind a potential source of ignition like a lighted cigarette or a campfire.

Question c.
Landslides/building collapse:
Answer:

1. Landslide causes due to erosion, slope movement in the downward direction, prolonged rainfall and seepage, vibration caused by earthquakes, deforestation, river erosion.
2. Building collapses: Bad design, faulty construction, foundation failure or weak foundation, extraordinary loads, earthquakes, rampant and irregular constructions.

Question d.
Storms:
Answer:
The formation of high and low air pressure belts in the atmosphere causes changes in weather resulting in strong winds or storms.

Question e.
Earthquakes:
Answer:

1. Movements in the interior of the earth release tremendous amount of energy.
2. This causes seismic waves leading to movement of the earth’s surface like tremors, shaking, cracking up.
3. Such vibrations or quaking in the earth’s crust is known as earthquake.
4. Man-made causes like mining, construction of big dams can also lead to earthquakes.

4. Answer the following questions.

Question a.
What is meant by ‘disaster’?
Answer:
A sudden event that causes large-scale damage to life, property and social aspects of a nation or society is called a disaster.

Question b.
What are the types of disasters?
Answer:
Disasters are of two types: Natural disasters and man-made disasters.

Question c.
What is meant by disaster management’?
Answer:
Taking steps to prevent disasters, making plans to face disasters and developing the capacity for that is called disaster management.

Question d.
Which are the main components of disaster management?
Answer:
Emergency planning and implementation of disaster management work are the main components of disaster management. Community participation is close, related to disaster management.

5. Find out about the work of a ‘Sarpa-mitra’.

Question a.
Find out about the work of a ‘Sarpa-mitra’.
Answer:

1. A sarpa-mitra is a friend of snakes, a person who is trained to protect, save and safeguard snakes.
2. Whenever there is a phone call from police or citizens informing the sarpa-mitras about snake sightings, they immediately rush to the situation and rescue the snake that would have been killed at the hands of people.
3. Sarpa-mitra are well trained to handle snakes by capturing them, keeping them in baskets or bags before releasing them in the wild.
4. They are in contact with the Police Department and Forest Department for rehabilitation of snakes.
5. Sarpa-mitra are also trained to perform primary first aid to snake bite victims before they are moved to hospitals.
6. Thus, the sarpa-mitra do a commendable job of saving snakes, saving human life without any monetary gains, but for sheer love of snakes.

6. Find out what a first aid kit / box contains.

Question a.
Find out what a first aid kit / box contains.
Answer:
1. First aid kit/box is a necessity at home, workplace, travelling, schools, etc.
2. It contains a cotton roll, sterilized dressing, a pair of scissors, Dettol or Savlon, Dettol soap, adhesive plaster, tablets like Crocin, necessary medicines – painkiller, Tincture iodine, Electrolyte powder, ear/eye drops, Potassium Permanganate crystals, Bumol ointment for cramps.

7. Suggest remedial measures for dealing with natural or man-made disasters.

Question a.
Suggest remedial measures for dealing with natural or man-made disasters.
Answer:

1. Fire: Use a fire extinguisher. Call the fire brigade. Run to a safe exit.
2. Building collapse: Evacuate the building immediately, seek shelter in other safe places. Call the fire brigade or rescue team. First aid should be given to injured people.
3. Road accident: Call the ambulance immediately. Give first aid if possible.
4. Flood: Do not linger in houses or areas near river banks. Seek shelter in other safe places. Move to safer places at a greater height. Do not step into water currents or drive a vehicle into them.
5. War: Take shelter in relief camps. Provide assistance in the rescue mission.
6. Bomb explosions: Take shelter in relief camps/safe place. Immediately call the police. Be alert and do not touch the unattended objects.
7. Earthquakes: Run to a safe place. Hide below a table.and do not use elevators. Use a staircase.
8. Deluge: Take the warnings and signals from the Meteorological Department keep away from river banks and low-lying areas. Take shelter in relief camps.
9. Storm: Remain in a safe place. Unplug all electrical devices. Take instructions given to people by meteorological department do not take shelter in dilapilated structures and under trees.
10. Tsunami: Move to a safer place, stay alert.
11. Drought: Save water, take care of people and cattle.
12. Landslide: Landslide may be caused due to excessive rains or cloudbusrt in hilly areas. Do not take shelter at the foot of a hill.

Activity:

Question 1.
Compile information about measures taken for disaster management in your school.

Question 2.
Make posters, advertisements, banners about disaster management.

Question 3.
Find out the people/organisations that provide aid during a disaster. Obtain their phone numbers, addresses, etc.

Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Disaster Management Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
In 1993, many people died due to the earthquake at ……………… in Latur district.
Answer:
Killari

Question 2.
Even today, people of shudder at the memory of ……………… 26 July, 2005.
Answer:
Mumbai

Question 3.
In November 2015, many people died due to flooding caused by heavy rains in ……………… .
Answer:
Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
Movements in the interior of the earth release tremendous amounts of ……………… .
Answer:
energy

Question 5.
Vibrations or ……………… in the earth’s crust is known as earthquake.
Answer:
quaking

Question 6.
Man-made causes like ……………… and construction of big dams can also lead to earthquakes.
Answer:
mining

Question 7.
A frequently occurring natural disaster in all parts of the world is ………………. .
Answer:
floods

Question 8.
Forest fires spread at a ……………… speed.
Answer:
tremendous

Question 9.
Landslides occur in hilly areas due to a ……………… .
Answer:
cloudburst

Question 10.
To get protection from fire, use ……………… .
Answer:
fire extinguisher

Match the following. 

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. July 2005	a. Floods in Tamil Nadu
2. July 2014	b. Floods in Mumbai
3. November 2015	c. Earthquake in Latur
4. 1993	d. Landslide in Pune

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. July 2005	b. Floods in Mumbai
2. July 2014	d. Landslide in Pune
3. November 2015	a. Floods in Tamil Nadu
4. 1993	c. Earthquake in Latur

State whether the following statements are True or False. If false, correct them.

Disaster Management Class 6  Question 1.
In 1993, many people died due to the earthquake at Malin in Pune district.
Answer:
False: In 1993 many people died due to the earthquake at Killari in Latur district.

Disaster Management Class 6 Exercise Question 2.
Disaster Management Class 6 ExerciseEven today, people of Mumbai shudder at the memory of July 2007.
Answer:
False: Even today people of Mumbai shudder at the memory of July 2005.

Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Disaster Management  Question 3.
Increased risk due to high density of population in a limited area can cause disaster.
Answer:
True

4 Disaster Management Exercise Question 4.
Earthquakes cause huge loss of life and property.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Forest fire is a controlled fire in a forest, pasture or grassland.
Answer:
False: Forest fire is an uncontrolled fire in a forest, pasture or grassland.

Question 6.
Storms cause no disruption of electric supply.
Answer:
False: Storms cause disruption of electric supply.

Question 7.
Community participation is closely related to disaster management.
Answer:
True

Question 8.
National Disaster Management Authority was established in 2008.
Answer:
False: National Disaster Management Authority was established in 2005.

Question 9.
During a disaster, keep watching movies on TV.
Answer:
False: During a disaster keep watching news bulletin on TV.

Question 10.
In case of a disaster, use the website www. imd.gov.in
Answer:
True

Answer the following in one sentence:

Question 1.
What are man-made causes of earthquakes?
Answer:
Mining, construction of big dams can lead to earthquakes.

Question 2.
What are forest fires?
Answer:
A forest fire is an uncontrolled fire in a forest, pasture or grassland due to natural or man-made causes.

Question 3.
State the website to seek government’s help during disaster.
Answer:
To seek government’s help during a disaster we can log on to xvww.imd.gov.in

Question 4.
Where should we take shelter during floods?
Answer:
We should seek shelter in safe places especially safer places at great heights.

Question 5.
What is sunstroke?
Answer:
When we work in the sun continuously for a long time, the body loses a lot of water and minerals. Hence, the person experiences sunstroke.

Question 6.
Name some poisonous snakes.
Answer:
Some poisonous snakes are cobras, kraits, vipers and sea snakes.

Question 7.
What should we do when we come across a snake?
Answer:
When we come across a snake we should contact a sarpa-mitra.

Question 8.
What is first aid?
Answer:
Immediate aid given even before medical treatment is available on facing a disaster or accident is first aid.

Answer the following questions briefly:

Question 1.
What are the effects of an earthquake?
Answer:
The effects of an earthquake are:

1. Destruction of infrastructure i.e buildings, bridges, roads, railway tracks.
2. Change in the direction of the flow of river.
3. Huge loss of life and property.

Question 2.
What are the effects of floods on people?
Answer:

1. There is a huge loss of life and property.
2. Soil erosion
3. Destruction of standing crops.
4. After-effects of floods, like spread of diseases and epidemics affecting the health of the people.

Question 3.
What are the effects of storms?
Answer:

1. Great damage in the storm affected region.
2. Tremendous losses to life and property.
3. Disruption of electric supply.
4. Disruption of transport and communication.

Question 4.
What are the effects of forest fires?
Answer:

1. Great damage to natural wealth and bio-diversity.
2. Pollution of air.

Question 5.
What preventive measures should we take to protect us from fire?
Answer:
To get protection from fire, use fire extinguishers in public places like schools, hospitals, railway stations.

Question 6.
What first aid can be provided to a person if he is bleeding?
Answer:
If a person is bleeding, first make him sit or lie down comfortably. Clean the bleeding part of the body with water and keep it above the level of the heart.

Give scientific reasons:

Question 1.
Why should a dog bite victim get an injection of the anti-rabies vaccine?
Answer:
In a dog bite, there is a risk of infection of rabies through the blood, hence anti-rabies injection is given to the patient.

Question 2.
During a disaster if possible we should take shelter in relief camps.
Answer:
Relief camps provide medicines, food packets, drinking water and first aid. Since these things help victims to restart, people should take shelter in relief camps during a disaster.

Question 3.
During disaster use battery operated radios and mobile.
Answer:
During disaster, many times there is disruption of electricity, hence battery operated mobiles and radios are convenient.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
What event do you see in these pictures?
Answer:
In this picture we see –
(a) earthquakes
(b) drought
(c) flood
(d) fire
(e) storm
(f) volcanic eruptions.

Question 2.
What would you have done in these situations?
Answer:
In these situations I would have tried to save my life. (Answer:wers may vary)

Question 3.
Have you experienced such a situation yourself?
Answer:
No. (Answer:wers may vary)

Question 4.
Why do these events occur?
Answer:
This events are disasters and some occur naturally and some are man-made.

Question 5.
According to you, what can be done to deal with such a disaster?
Answer:
To deal with such a disaster, take help of some elders or ask for help immediately. Be alert and use first-aid / get some immediate aid even before medical treatment becomes available.

Use your brainpower!

Question 1.
What disaster can occur in school or on the way to school?
Answer:
1. Disasters that can occur in school: Fire in the school building, experience tremors of earthquake, school building collapses, slab in one of the classroom collapses, getting injured while playing, getting an electric shock.
2. Disasters that can occur on way to school: You meet with an accident while crossing the road or school bus meets with an accident. Area near school gets flooded.

Classify the following disasters as man-made or natural.
(fire, earthquake, leakage of chemical gases, storms, floods, tsunami, bomb explosions, collapse of a building, war, forest fire)
Answer:

Man-made disasters	Natural disasters
1. Fire	1. Earthquake
2. Leakage of chemical gases	2. Storms
3. Bomb explosion	3. Floods
4. Collapse of a building	4. Tsunami
5. War	5. Forest fire
6. Forest- fire

Can you tell?

Question 1.
How many children are there in your class at present?
Answer:
There are 50 children in my class at present. (Answers may vary)

Question 2.
What would happen if five times this number sat in your class?
Answer:
If five times this number sat in my class, the classroom would be crowded. There will be utter chaos.

Question 3.
Which kind of disaster can occur in an extremely crowded places?
Answer:
In an extremely crowded place there can be panic in the classroom, stampede while going out of the classroom, breathless among fellow students.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 History Solutions Chapter 6 Janapadas and Mahajanapadas Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra Board Class 6 History Solutions Chapter 6 Janapadas and Mahajanapadas

Class 6 History Chapter 6 Janapadas and Mahajanapadas Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer in one sentence:

Janapadas And Mahajanapadas Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 1.
What is meant by janapada?
Answer:
Small city states came to be known as janapadas.

Janapadas And Mahajanapadas Class 6 Answers Question 2.
What is meant by mahajanapada?
Answer:
Some janapadas gradually became stronger and expanded their geographical bounderies, such janapadas came to be known as Mahajanapadas.

Janapadas And Mahajanapadas Class 6 Question 3.
Where was the first Buddhist council held?
Answer:
The first Buddhist council or sangiti was held at Rajgriha.

Janapadas Class 6 Question 4.
Who introduced the system of standard weights and measures?
Answer:
The Nandas introduced the system of standard weights and measures.

2. Can you name the following?

Janapadas And Mahajanapadas Class 6 Pdf Question 1.
Some part of today’s Maharashtra was occupied by this janapada.
Answer:
Ashamak

Question 2.
This was an assembly of the senior citizens of a janapada
Answer:
Gana-parishad

Question 3.
This was the venue of discussion.
Answer:
Santhagar

Question 4.
Gautam Buddha belonged to this janapada.
Answer:
Shakya Republic

Question 5.
They had a four-column army.
Answer:
The Nanda Kings

3. Match the following:

Question 1.

Column A	Column B
(1) Sangiti (2) Dhanananda (3) Pataligram	(a) Ajatshatru (b) Parishad (c) Mahagovind (d) Nanda king

Answer:
1 – b
2 – d
3 – a

4. Make a table showing the various kingdoms in the Indian sub-continent and their capitals.
Answer:

Kingdoms in the Indian sub-continent	Capitals
Kosala	Shravasti
Vatsa	Kosam, Kaushambi
Avanti	Ujjain
Magadha	Rajgriha
Kashi	Varanasi
Vrijji	Vaishali
Malla	Kushinagar and Pavapur
Kuru	Hastinapur
Panchal	Ahichhatra and Kampilya
Surasen	Mathura
Anga	Champanagri
Assaka	Paudanya
Chedi	Shuktimati
Matsya	Viratnagar

Activity:

• Visit a nearby fort and find out the following:

1. Type of the fort
2. In whose reign it was built
3. The Killedar………..
4. The main feature.

• Find out the different arms and services of the Indian Army.
• Complete the following table:
  

  S.no	Name of the mahajanapada	Location	Capital	Name of the most important king
  (1)		At the foot of the Himalayas.
  (2)	Vatsa
  (3)				Pradyot
  (4)		Region around the cities of Patna, Gaya.

Class 6 History Chapter 6 Janapadas and Mahajanapadas InText Questions and Answers

Activity:

Question 1.
Find out the different arms and services of the Indian Army.
Answer:
Combat Arms :

• Infantry
• Armoured Corps
• Regiment of Artillery

Supporting Arms :

• Army Aviation Corps
• Corps of Engineers
• Corps of Signals
• Mechanized Infantry
• Army Air Defence

Services :

• Army Education Corps
• Army Medical Corps
• Army Ordinance Corps
•  Army Postal Service Corps
• Army Service Corps
• Corps of Electronics and Mechanical Engineers
• Corps of Military Police
• Judge Advocate Generals Department
• Army Dental Corps
• Remount and Veterinary Corps
• Other Services

Question 2.
Complete the following table:

S.no	Name of the mahajanapada	Location	Capital	Name of the most important king
(1)		At the foot of the Himalayas.
(2)	Vatsa
(3)				Pradyot
(4)		Region around the cities of Patna, Gaya.

Answer:

S.no	Name of the mahajanapada	Location	Capital	Name of the most important king
(1)	The Kosala Mahajanapada	At the foot of the Himalayas.	Shravati	King Prasenjit
(2)	Vatsa	The region around Prayag that is Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh.	Kosam	King Udayana
(3)	Avanti	Malwa region of Madya Pradesh.	Ujjayani	Pradyot
(4)	Magadha	Region around the cities of Patna, Gaya.	Rajgriha	King Bimbisara

Class 6 History Chapter 6 Janapadas and Mahajanapadas Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the correct option:

Question 1.
The period from about 1000 BCE to 600 BCE is considered to be the ______ period.
(a) medieval
(b) Vedic
(c) post-Vedic
Answer:
(c) post-Vedic

Question 2.
The ______ came into existence in the post-Vedic period.
(a) janapadas
(b) mahajanapads
(c) angas
Answer:
(a) janapadas

Question 3.
The janapada called Ashmak occupied a part of today’s _______.
(a) Karnataka
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Bihar
Answer:
(b) Maharashtra

Question 4.
Some of the janapadas were monarchies, while others were ________.
(a) republics
(b) independent
(c) dependent
Answer:
(a) republics

Question 5.
Every janapada had its own ______.
(a) library
(b) palace
(c) coinage
Answer:
(c) coinage

Question 6.
Some janapadas gradually became stronger and ______ their geographical boundaries.
(a) contracted
(b) expanded
(c) built
Answer:
(b) expanded

Question 7.
By sixth century BCE, _______ Mahajanapadas acquired special importance.
(a) fifteen
(b) sixteen
(c) seventeen
Answer:
(b) sixteen

Question 8.
Ajatshatru was the son of _______.
(a) Chandragupta
(b) Shishunag
(c) Bimbisara
Answer:
(c) Bimbisara

Question 9.
The kingdom of Magadha prospered during the reign of ______.
(a) Ajatshatru
(b) Bimbisara
(c) Chandragupta
Answer:
(a) Ajatshatru

Question 10.
Ajatashatru became the ______ of Gautam Buddha.
(a) leader
(b) follower
(c) descendant
Answer:
(b) follower

Question 11.
The first Buddhist Council or sangiti was held at ______.
(a) Rajgriha
(b) Ashmak
(c) Panchal
Answer:
(a) Rajgriha

Question 12.
The foundation for the new _______ Pataligram of Magadha was laid during Ajatshatru’s period.
(a) city
(b) palace
(c) capital
Answer:
(c) capital

Question 13.
_______ was probably in the vicinity of today’s Patna city.
(a) Pataliputra
(b) Vatra
(c) Avanti
Answer:
(a) Pataliputra

Question 14.
A noteworthy successor of Ajatshatru was the Magadha king _______.
(a) Dhananand
(b) Chandragupta
(c) Shishunag
Answer:
(c) Shishunag

Question 15.
Nearly the entire region of northern India came under the ______ of Magadha.
(a) control
(b) influence
(c) subjection
Answer:
(a) control

Question 16.
The _____ ruled the Magadha Empire between 364 BCE and 324 BCE.
(a) Guptas
(b) Nandas
(c) Mauryas
Answer:
(b) Nandas

Question 17.
The Nandas set up a good ________ system necessary to run the huge empire.
(a) political
(b) financial
(c) administrative
Answer:
(c) administrative

Question 18.
The Nandas also ________ the system of standard weights and measures.
(a) introduced
(b) exploited
(c) destroyed
Answer:
(a) introduced

Question 19.
King _______ was the last king of the Nanda dynasty.
(a) Nanda
(b) Dhanananda
(c) Bimbisara
Answer:
(b) Dhanananda

Question 20.
Chandragupta Maurya won ______ and ended the Nanda regime.
(a) Pataliputra
(b) Kashi
(c) Ashmak
Answer:
(a) Pataliputra

Answer the following in one sentence:

Question 1.
Which period is considered to be the post- Vedic period?
Answer:
The period from about 1000 BC to 600 BC is considered to be the post-Vedic period.

Question 2.
When did the janapadas come into existance?
Answer:
The janapadas came into existence during the post-Vedic period.

Question 3.
Around which region did the janapadas spread?
Answer:
The janapadas spread from today’s Afghanistan which is to the north west of the Indian subcontinent to Bengal and Odisha in the east and to Maharashtra in the south.

Question 4.
Which janapada occupied a part of today’s Maharashtra?
Answer:
The janapada called ‘Ashmak’ occupied a part of today’s Maharashtra.

Question 5.
What is the organisation of senior citizens called?
Answer:
The organization of senior citizens is called gana-parishad.

Question 6.
What was the work of the gana-parishad?
Answer:
The members of the gana-parishad came together for discussion and made decisions regarding administrative issues.

Question 7.
What was the place where the gana-parishad met called?
Answer:
The place where the gana-parishad met and took decisions was known as the ‘Santhagar’.

Question 8.
From which Republican state did Gautam Buddha hail?
Answer:
Gautam Buddha hailed from the Shakya Republic.

Question 9.
How many mahajanapadas had acquired special importance in the sixth century BCE?
Answer:
Upto the sixth century BCE, sixteen mahajanapadas had acquired special importance.

Question 10.
Name some powerful mahajanapada.
Answer:
Some of the powerful mahajanapadas were Kosala, Vatsa, Avanti and Magadha.

Question 11.
Who was Bimbisara’s son?
Answer:
Bimbisara’s son was Ajatshatru.

Question 12.
Whose ardent follower did Ajatshatru become?
Answer:
Ajatshatru became the follower of Gautam Buddha.

Question 13.
When was the foundation for the new capital Pataligram laid?
Answer:
The foundation for the new capital Pataligram of Magadha was laid during Ajatshatru’s period.

Question 14.
Which ancient city was in the vicinity of today’s city of Patna?
Answer:
The ancient city Pataliputra was in the vicinity of today’s city of Patna.

Question 15.
Who was the successor of Ajatshatru?
Answer:
A noteworthy successor of Ajatshatru was the Magadha King Shishunag.

Question 16.
Which kingdoms did King Shishunag annex?
Answer:
King Shishunag annexed the kingdoms of Avanti, Kosala, and Vatsa to Magadha.

Question 17.
State the period of Nanda rule.
Answer:
The Nandas ruled the Magadha Empire between 364 BCE and 324 BCE.

Question 18.
Describe the army of the Nanda Kings.
Answer:
The Nanda Kings had a huge four column army of infantry, cavalry, chariots and elephants.

Question 19.
Who was the last king of the Nanda dynasty?
Answer:
King Dhananand was the last king of the Nanda dynasty.

Question 20.
How did the Nanda dynasty decline?
Answer:
During Dhananand’s reign, an ambitious youth Chandragupta Maurya won Pataliputra and brought about an end to the Nanda regime.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 2 The Living World Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 2 The Living World

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 The Living World Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write the answers to the following questions in your words. 

Question a.
What are the differences between plants and animals?
Answer:

Plants	Animals
1. Plants cannot move from one place to another. They are anchored to the soil.	1. Animals can move from one place to another.
2. Plants prepare their own food with the help of chlorophyll and sunlight.	2. Animals cannot prepare their own food. They move in search of food from one place to another.
3. Plants grow throughout their life.	3. Animals grow only up to a certain period of their life.
4. Plants respire with the help of microscopic pores present on their leaves and stems.	4. Animals respire with the help of special organs like lungs, gills, trachea, etc.
5. Plants excrete their waste by storing them in the leaves and bark of plants and then shedding them seasonally.	5. Animals excrete their waste with the help of special organs regularly.
6. Plants are only living things which take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen during photosynthesis.	6. Animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide throughout their life.
7. Plants reproduce with the help of seeds, stems, spores, bulbs etc.	7. Animals reproduce by laying eggs or giving birth to young ones.

Question b.
What are the similarities between plants and animals?
Answer:

1. Both plants and animals increase in height, size and weight as they grow into an adult.
2. They require food to supply energy to carry out the various life processes.
3. They have a fixed life span after which they die.
4. All plants and animals respire and they take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide while breathing.
5. All the plants and animals excrete their wastes produced in their body.
6. All plants and animals have ability to reproduce.
7. All plants and animals show responsiveness to their external stimuli.

Question c.
How is the plant kingdom useful to us?
Answer:

1. Plants are used for household as well as industrial purposes.
2. They provide us with food in the form of fruits, vegetables etc., e.g. Potato, methi, bhendi, apple, mango, etc.
3. Some plants are also used as medicines e.g. Adulsa, Hirada, Tulsi etc.
4. They also support birds which build their nests.
5. Wood of tress like oak, fir, birch, etc. are used to make furniture, in building homes, etc. Wood pulp is used to make paper.

Question d.
How is the animal kingdom useful to us?
Answer:

1. Dogs, cats, cows, etc. are domesticated. Dogs and cats are used as pets.
2. Cows, buffaloes, goats, etc. are used for getting their milk.
3. Sheep is used for obtaining wool.
4. Horses, oxen, camels and donkeys are used to carry burden and for various other occupations.
5. Earthworm is useful in agriculture.
6. Birds like hens, turkeys, and ducks provide their eggs to us for food.
7. Insects like bees provide us with honey, silkworm provides us with silk.

Question e.
What makes living things different from non-living things?
Answer:

Living Things	Non-Living Things
1. Living things can grow on their own in size, height and weight.	1. Non-living things do not grow on their own in size, height and weight.
2. Living things can move from one place to another on their own.	2. Non-living things can move only if someone moves them.
3. Living things can reproduce.	3. Non-living things cannot reproduce.
4. Living things exhibit responses to various stimuli.	4. Non-living things do not exhibit responses to various stimuli.
5. They require food for their growth.	5. They do not require any food.

2. What helps them to breathe?

Question a.
(a) A fish (b) A snake (c) A crane (d) An earthworm (e) Man (f) A banyantree (g) A caterpillar.
Answer:

Plant/Animal	Breathing Organ
A fish	gills
A snake	external nostrils and lungs.
A crane	external nose and air sacs in lungs.
An earthworm	moist skin.
Man	nose and lungs.
A banyan tree	microscopic pores (called stomata) present on leaves.
A caterpillar	trachea which opens at the side in their skin.

3. Fill in the blanks with the proper words from the brackets.
(plants, oxygen, dies, excretion, carbon- dioxide, photosynthesis, stimuli, cells, sunlight, chlorophyll, microscopic pores, responsiveness.)

Question a.
The process by which plants make their own food is called ……………… .
Answer:
photosynthesis

Question b.
To inhale …………. and to exhale ……………. is called respiration.
Answer:
oxygen, carbon-dioxide

Question c.
The elimination of waste substances fr6m the body is called ………….. .
Answer:
excretion

Question d.
The ability to respond to an event is called ……….. to ………… .
Answer:
responsiveness, stimuli

Question e.
On completing their lifespan, every living thing ………….. .
Answer:
dies

4. Write the uses of these animals and plants.
Animals: Honeybees, sharks, yaks, sheep, earthworms, dogs, bivalves, horses, mice.
Plants: Ginger, mango, eucalyptus, babul (acacia), teak, spinach, aloevera, turmeric, holy basil, karanja, moh, mulberry, grapevine.

Question a.
Write the uses of these animals and plants.
Answer:

Animals Uses:

Animals	Uses
1. Honeybees	Honey and wax prepared by them is used by us. Beeswax is used in cosmetics like lip – balm, lipgloss, etc.
2. Sharks	The ‘shark liver oil’ obtained from them is a rich source of vitamins.
3. Yaks	Milk and meat obtained is used as food. Yaks are also used for carrying loads in mountainous regions.
4. Sheep	Their fleece is used as a good source of wool. Their meat is used as food.
5. Earthworms	They convert biodegradable waste to good manure (vermicompost)which can be used in fields and gardens. They are called “friends of farmers” as they make the soil fertile.
6. Dogs	They are used as pets to guard houses and farms.
7. Bivalves	Bivalves like oysters are used to obtain pearls used in jewellery making. They are also used as food.
8. Horses	They are used for pulling carriages, heavy loads and also as means of transport in mountainous regions.
9. Mice	They are used in research to test medicines, vaccines etc.
10. Rabbits	They are used as pets and also in research. Their meat is used as food.

Plants Uses:

Plants	Uses
1. Ginger	Used as medicine to cure digestive problems of stomach. It is also used as a spice in food.
2. Mango	It is used to prepare pickles when raw and as a fruit when ripe. It is also used to prepare jam, jelly and in ice-creams.
3. Eucalyptus	Leaves and oil extracted from it is used as medicine to cure fever, cold and cough.
4. Babul (Acacia)	It is used as a medicine. Also used as cattle feed. It is used to clean teeth. It was also used to cure leprosy and heal wounds.
5. Teak (Sag)	Its wood is used to make furniture.
6. Spinach (Palak)	It is used as a vegetable.
7. Aloe vera (Korphad)	It is used to treat various skin diseases. Its gel is used as a moisturizer for skin and for treating hair fall.
8. Turmeric	It is used as a spice and has medicinal properties. It is used for healing wounds and cuts due to its antiseptic properties (i.e. helps to prevent growth of bacteria).
9. Holy basil (Tulsi)	It is used as medicine to cure cough and cold. It also reduces air pollution and drives away mosquitoes.
10. Karanja (Jatropha)	It is used as a medicine and its seeds are used to prepare biodiesel.
11. Moh (Mahwa) [Scientific name: Madhuca longifolia]	The fat extracted from its seeds is used in the manufacture of soaps and detergents. Its bark and flowers are used as medicine. Its leaves are used to feed silkworms which produce Tussar silk. Seeds and flowers are also used to make wine.
12. Mulberry	The leaves of these trees are used for feeding silkworms which produce silk. The fruits are rich in vitamins. Jam and jelly are also made from these fruits.
13. Grapevine	Grapes are fruits of a grapevine. They are used for making jam, jelly, juice, wine and are also eaten as fruits. Raisins are prepared from these grapes.

5. What are the peculiarities of the movements of these living things?
Living things : Snakes, tortoises, kangaroos, eagles, chameleons, frogs, gulmohur, sweet potato creeper, dolphins, ants, rattlesnakes, grasshoppers, earthworms.

Question a.
What are the peculiarities of the movements of these living things?
Answer:

1. Snakes	They don’t have legs. They move in a S-shaped wavy motion. They cannot move over smooth surface. They move by contraction and relaxation of their body muscles.
2. Tortoises	They are very slow and they walk on their four legs by raising their body off the ground. They are the slowest animals.
3. Kangaroos	The hind legs of kangaroos are long and front legs are short. A kangaroo moves by hopping (jumping) on its muscular hind legs with the support of long tail outstretched behind. This movement is called penta pedal movement [Penta = 5, pedal = legs].
4. Eagles	Eagles fly at great heights and they can lift and fly away with prey which are heavier than them. Wings of eagles are strong and powerful.
5. Chameleons	Chameleons can change the colour of their skin and camouflage (hide) in their surroundings. They move slowly with their four legs. They also use their tail and claws to grab a branch and balance themselves.
6. Frogs	Their hind legs are long and front legs are short. Hence, they hop on their hind legs, when on land, and swim with the help of hind limbs when in water.
7. Gulmohar	Gulmohar blooms in summer and the flowers which are red in colour reveal very few leaves. Their leaves fold up during evening. It grows to a height of 5 m to 12 m and it shed all its leaves in dry season.
8. Sweet potato creeper	Sweet potato creepers are fastest growing creepers that cover the whole ground. If they find some support, they try to bend towards it.
9. Dolphins	They move on surface of water by slapping their tail, exposing their head, leaping out of water, diving in the water and doing a side flop. 30 patterns are seen in their behaviour while moving on water.
10. Ants	The ants move in a line and as they move, they leave a chemical called pheromone behind as a trail which attracts other ants. They have six legs and they can walk very fast.
11. Rattle snakes	Rattle snake is a highly poisonous snake. The rattling sound is made by the shaking of the rattle located on its tail when it moves.
12. Grasshoppers	They are insects with three pairs of walking legs and two pairs of wings which helps them to walk, fly and jump. They can leap vigorously due to powerful hind legs.
13. Earthworms	Each segment on the body of earthworm contain group of bristles (called setae) which are used for movement. They move forward by repeated contractions and relaxations of their muscles. A slimy substances secreted by the earthworm helps in its movement.

6. Write in detail about how the plants and animals found in your surroundings prove useful or harmful.

Question a.
Write in detail about how the plants and animals found in your surroundings prove useful or harmful.
Answer:
Some animals and plants around us are harmful to man.

1. Mosquitoes and flies spread diseases.
2. Cockroaches, mice, rats destroy our food. Lice, ticks also spread diseases.
3. The bites of some poisonous lizards, spiders, snakes and scorpions can even cause death.
4. If wild elephants enter human settlements, they cause a lot of destruction.
5. Dog bite from a rabid dog can cause rabies.
6. Plants like datura are poisonous. Consumption of its seed can cause death.
7. Uncontrolled growth of algae and fungi pollutes water and may cause disease. Fungi cause rotting of food.
8. Pods of nettle and colocasia leaves can cause itching.
9. Weeds like parthemum, dodder affect crop growth.

Activity:

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 The Living World Question Answer Question 1.
Obtain information about the work of the Botanical Survey of India and the Zoological Survey of India by visiting the websites :
www.bsi.gov.in, W.zsi.gov.in

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 The Living World Question 2.
Collect information about the lifespan of various animals, make a chart and display it in your class.

The Living World Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 3.
Gather information about the poisonous snakes found in India and present it in a Science Exhibition.

Class 6 Science Chapter 2 The Living World Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the proper words from the brackets.
(plants, cells, sunlight, chlorophyll, microscopic pores.)

The Living World Class 6 Question Answers Question 1.
Living things are made up of small units called ……….. .
Answer:
cells

The Living World Class 6 Question 2.
A potted plant placed in a window grows towards ………… .
Answer:
sunlight

The Living World Class 6 Solutions Question 3.
Plants appear green in colour due to the presence of ………… .
Answer:
chlorophyll

The Living World Class 6 Exercise Answers Question 4.
Plants respire by means of ………….. on their stems and leaves.
Answer:
microscopic pores

My Living World Book Class 6 Answers Question 5.
……………….. grow throughout their lifespan.
Answer:
Plants

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Responsiveness to stimuli	a. plants shed leaves in Autumn
2. Respiration	b. seeds sprout when sowed in soil
3. Excretion	c. petals of lotus close when sun sets
4. Reproduction	d. oxygen is taken in through moist skin in earthworms.

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Responsiveness to stimuli	c. petals of lotus close when sunsets
2. Respiration	d. oxygen is taken in through moist skin in earthworms.
3. Excretion	a. plants shed leaves in Autumn
4. Reproduction	b. seeds sprout when sowed in soil

Plants carry out photosynthesis to prepare their food. With reference to this process of photosynthesis, match the columns given below.

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Minerals	a. given out into the air
2. Carbon dioxide	b. absorbed from the soil
3. Heat from sunlight	c. absorbed from the air
4. Oxygen	d. absorbed by chlorophyll.

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Minerals	b. absorbed from the soil
2. Carbon dioxide	c. absorbed from the air
3. Heat from sunlight	d. absorbed by chlorophyll.
4. Oxygen	a. given out into the air

Can you tell?

Question 1.
What differences do you see between the young ones and the adults in the picture?
Answer:

Answer:
The young ones are smaller in size, height and shape.

Question 2.
What do we learn from these pictures?

Answer:
We learn that all living beings whether plants or animals reproduce in different ways.

Question 3.
Observe a honeycomb and a wall. What are they made up of?
Answer:
Bricks are laid one over the other to form a wall. In a honeycomb, the beeswax is joined to form small compartments to form a honeycomb.

Question 4.
In what ways are the plants and animals useful to us?
Answer:

Plants	Animals
1. Plants cannot move from one place to another. They are anchored to the soil.	1. Animals can move from one place to another.
2. Plants prepare their own food with the help of chlorophyll and sunlight.	2. Animals cannot prepare their own food. They move in search of food from one place to another.
3. Plants grow throughout their life.	3. Animals grow only up to a certain period of their life.
4. Plants respire with the help of microscopic pores present on their leaves and stems.	4. Animals respire with the help of special organs like lungs, gills, trachea, etc.
5. Plants excrete their waste by storing them in the leaves and bark of plants and then shedding them seasonally.	5. Animals excrete their waste with the help of special organs regularly.
6. Plants are only living things which take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen during photosynthesis.	6. Animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide throughout their life.
7. Plants reproduce with the help of seeds, stems, spores, bulbs etc.	7. Animals reproduce by laying eggs or giving birth to young ones.

Use your brainpower!

Question 1.
What differences do you see in the growth of trees like mango, banyan and peepal and that of bamboo, coconut and toddy palms?
Answer:

1. Trees like mango, banyan and peepal have lot of branches and leaves.
2. They have a thick and wide trunk which is short.
3. Trees like bamboo, coconut and toddy palm have few leaves and they are found only at the top of the trunk.
4. The trunk of the tree is tall and comparatively thin.

Question 2.
In each of the examples given below, what is the stimulus? What is the response?

Answer:

1. In mimosa plant, touching the leaf is the stimulus and closing of mimosa leaves is the response.
2. Keeping the potted plant near the window is the stimulus and growing the stem in the direction of sunlight is the response.

Question 3.
What is the main difference between movements of plants and animals?
Answer:

1. Movement in plants is restricted i.e branches can bend towards light.
2. They swing to and fro when the wind blows.
3. The leaves open or close during the day and night, petals of flowers close or open during night and day.
4. Roots grow in the direction of water under the ground.?
5. Animals can freely move from one place to another in search of food, habitat and shelter.

Question 4.
Why have so many plants and animals been able to survive on the earth even today?
Answer:

1. All the animals and plants have ability to reproduce young ones similar to themselves.
2. Also they have ability to adjust themselves to the conditions in their surroundings.
3. Due to this ability we have so many types of plants and animals and they have been able to survive on the earth even today.

Question 5.
What is the sticky substance seen on the stems of the babul (acacia) or drumstick trees?
Answer:

1. It is the gum which oozes out when we prick it or cut it.
2. It is the waste product that is stored in the bark.
3. This gum has a lot of medicinal value.

Observe and discuss.

Question 1.
Hold your hand in front of your nose or keep your hand on your chest. What do you feel?

Answer:

Living Things	Non-Living Things
1. boy, girl, hen, dog, tree.	1. ball, book, fan, house, bucket, kite.

Find the life span and age of maturity of the given living beings.

Question 1.
Find the life span and age of maturity of the given living beings.
Answer:

Plants/Animals	Life span	Maturity age (Time period required to grow into adults and reproduce)
Dog	10 -15 years	2-3 years
Cow	15 years	2 years
Hen/Chicken	6-8 years	6 months
Elephants	40-60 years	10-15 years
Tortoise	More than 100 years	10-13 years
Butterfly	2-6 weeks	1 week
Mango tree	25 years	3-4 years
Peepal tree	150 years	3-4 years
Banyan tree	200-1000 years	5-6 years
Banana	25 years	3-4 years
Rice	3-4 months	1-2 months
Rose	5-7 years	1 year

Answer the following:

Question 1.
Is all the food we eat used by the body?
Answer:
No, non-essential and undigested food is thrown out of the body in the form of waste.

Question 2.
What is the unused part of food converted into?
Answer:
The unused part of food is converted into excreta.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 1 Natural Resources – Air, Water and Land Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 1 Natural Resources – Air, Water and Land

Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Natural Resources – Air, Water and Land Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the blanks and rewrite the completed statements.

Question a.
The layer of ozone gas absorbs ……………. rays that come from the sun to the earth.
Answer:
Ultraviolet (U.V) rays

Question b.
Of the total water available on the earth, fresh water forms ……….. percent.
Answer:
0.3 %

Question c.
Both …………. and ………… constituents are present in the soil.
Answer:
biotic, abiotic

2. why is it said that?

Question a.
The ozone layer is a protective shell of earth.
Answer:

1. The ultra violet (UV) rays coming from the sun are very harmful for living things.
2. The ozone layer present in the lower stratosphere absorb this U.V. rays and prevent them from reaching the earth. As a result life on earth is protected.
3. Therefore, it is said that the ozone layer is a protective shell of the earth.

Question 2.
Water is life.
Answer:

1. Water is a good solvent and it dissolves many substances.
2. The human blood is made of 70% water and the sap of plant also contains a very high proportion of water.
3. All the life processes would not take place in the absence of water.
4. Hence, without water no living organism can survive.
5. Therefore, it is said that ‘water is life’.

Question c.
Sea water is useful even though it is not potable.
OR
In what way is sea water useful even though it is salty?
Answer:

1. Many fish and aquatic animals live in sea water.
2. The water from the sea evaporates to form clouds which brings rain.
3. The sea water also helps the land to cool due to breezes.
4. The salt and minerals are also obtained from sea water.
5. Corals and pearls are obtained from sea animals.
6. Thus, sea water is useful even though it is not potable.

3.  What will happen if

Question a.

Question a.
Microbes in soil get destroyed.
Answer:

1. Microbes in the soil decompose dead plants and animals and convert it into humus. This humus supplies nutrients to the soil.
2. Humus also aerates soil and holds water in it. It makes the soil more fertile.
3. If microbes are destroyed, humus will not be formed and the soil will not become fertile, making it unsuitable for growth of plants. Also dead and decaying matter will accumulate on land.

Question b.
The number of vehicles and factories in your surroundings increases.
Answer:

1. Vehicles and factories are the major cause of air pollution.
2. They release harmful gases like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide into the air.
3. These pollutants are harmful to the environment and to the people living in the surrounding area.
4. Hence, if the number of vehicles and factories in our surroundings increases, the air pollution will also increase.

Question c.
The total supply of potable water is finished.
Answer:

1. Water plays very important role in the survival of living organism.
2. All living things are dependent on water.
3. A very small quantity of water is potable and can be used for drinking.
4. All bodily functions are regulated by water.
5. Therefore, if total supply of potable water is finished, plants and animals will not survive and there will be no life on earth.

4. Match the following. 

Question a.

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Carbon dioxide	a. Generation of soil
2. Oxygen	b. Rain
3. Water vapour	c. Plants and food production
4. Microbes	d. Combustion

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Carbon dioxide	c. Plants and food production
2. Oxygen	d. Combustion
3. Water vapour	b. Rain
4. Microbes	a. Generation of soil

5. Name the following.

Question a.
Constituents of biosphere.
Answer:
Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and all living things on earth.

Question b.
Biotic constituents of soil.
Answer:
Microbes, worms, insects, burrowing rhodents like rats, mice, roots of trees and plants.

Question c.
Fossil fuel.
Answer:
Crude oil from which we get kerosene, petrol, diesel, paraffin wax and tar.

Question d.
Inert gases in air.
Answer:
Neon, argon, helium, krypton, xenon.

Question e.
Gases that are harmful to ozone layer.
Answer:
Chlorofluorocarbon and carbon tetrachloride.

6. True or False?

Question a.
Land and soil is the same thing.
Answer:
False – Land consists of stones, soil and big rocks.

Question b.
The water in a lake is called ground water.
Answer:
False – Water trapped below the ground over the bedrocks is called ground water.

Question c.
It takes about thousand years to form a 25 cm thick layer of soil.
Answer:
False – It almost takes around thousand years to form a 2.5 cm thick layer of soil.

Question d.
Radon is used in decorative lights.
Answer:
False – Neon is used in decorative lights.

7. Answer in your own words. 

Question a.
Explain with the help of a diagram how soil is formed.
Answer:

1. The soil on the land is formed by a natural process.
2. The abiotic components of soil are supplied through the weathering of the bedrock.
3. Due to heat, cold wind and rain the bedrock breaks down into pieces.
4. Stones, sand and soil are formed from these pieces.
5. Microbes, worms, insects, rodents and roots of trees growing on land help in weathering of rocks.
   
   This process is slow, continuous and it takes a thousand years to form 2.5 cm thick layer of mature soil.

Question b.
Why is there a shortage of water even though it occupies about 71% of the earth’s surface?
Answer:

1. 71% of earth’s surface is covered with water of, which 97% is salty water present in seas and oceans and 2.7% water is available as ground water, ice and in other forms.
2. Only 0.3% water is available as fresh water which can be used for drinking.
3. All the living organisms require water to drink. The water is used in the industry and also for farming.
4. Due to increasing population and uncontrolled usage, we experience shortage of water.

Question c.
What are the various constituents of air? Write their uses.
Answer:
Air contains gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, inert gases, water vapour and dust particles. The uses of constituents of air are as follows.

Question d.
Why are air, water and land considered to be valuable natural resources?
Answer:

1. The various components of air help and support the growth of living organisms.
2. Nitrogen is used to make proteins, oxygen is used for respiration and carbon dioxide is used to make food by plants.
3. Similarly, land supports growth of terrestrial plants and animals. It provides important minerals to plants and also to human beings.?
4. It is the shelter for worms, insects and rodents and supports their growth. Plants also cannot survive without land.
5. Water is necessary for carrying out all life processes in the living organisms and without water there will be no life on earth.
6. Hence land, air and water are considered valuable natural resources.

Activity:

Natural Resources Air, Water And Land Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 1.
Obtain detailed information about the work of the India Meteorological Department.

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 2.
Find a remedy for water scarcity.

Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Natural Resources – Air, Water and Land Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks and rewrite the completed statements.

Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Natural Resources Air, Water And Land Exercise Question 1.
……………. gas, used for refrigeration and air conditioning, destroys the ozone layer.
Answer:
Chlorofluorocarbon or carbon tetrachloride

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Class 6 Exercise Question 2.
Air becomes ……………. at higher altitudes.
Answer:
rarer

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Class 6 Question 3.
………….. of land is reduced if green trees and bushes are grown in it.
Answer:
Erosion

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Question 4.
16th September is celebrated as ………. Day all over the world.
Answer:
Ozone Protection

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Question Answer Question 5.
………….. is the layer of air that surrounds the earth.
Answer:
Atmosphere

Natural Resources Air, Water And Land Question 6.
……………. occupies the largest part of the earth’s surface.
Answer:
Hydrosphere

Natural Resources Air Water And Land Class 6 Question 7.
Gases are not found in the …………… and beyond.
Answer:
exosphere

Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
………….. percentage of the land is covered by water.
(a) 70%
(b) 81%
(c) 71%
(d)80%.
Answer:
71%

Question 2.
The gas used in fluorescent tubes is ………………… .
(a) Argon
(b) Helium
(c) Neon
(d) Krypton.
Answer:
Krypton

Question 3.
The ozone layer is found in the lower part of …………… .
(a) atmosphere
(b) stratosphere
(c) mesosphere
(d) trophosphere.
Answer:
stratosphere

Question 4.
Gas released in air on combustion of fuel is …………….. .
(a) Hydrogen sulphide
(b) Carbon tetrachloride
(c) Nitrogen dioxide
(d) Oxygen
Answer:
Nitrogen dioxide

Question 5.
The proportion of humus in the upper layer of good fertile soil is about ……………… .
(a) 23% to 45%
(b) 33% to 50%
(c) 30% to 53%
(d) 13% to 33%
Answer:
33% to 50%

Match the following:

Question 1.

Group ‘A’	Group’B’
1. Argon	a. temperature for obtaining low
2. Neon	b. Used in electric bulb
3. Xenon	c. Decorative lights
4. Chlorofluoro – carbon	d. Flash photography
5. Helium	e. Ozone depletion

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group’B’
1. Argon	b. Used in electric bulb
2. Neon	c. Decorative lights
3. Xenon	d. Flash photography
4. Chlorofluoro – carbon	e. Ozone depletion
5. Helium	a. temperature for obtaining low

Name the following:

Question 1.
Substances formed when fuel burns.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and smoke.

Question 2.
Layers of the atmosphere.
Answer:
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, ionosphere and exosphere.

Question 3.
Layers of land.
Answer:
Humus, mature soil, immature soil, small rocks and stones and bedrock.

Question 4.
Gas necessary for building proteins.
Answer:
Nitrogen.

State whether True or False. Correct if False.

Question 1.
The amount of gases in the air is greatest near the surface and becomes rarer at higher altitudes.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
Fogs, clouds, snow, and rain are produced in the exosphere.
Answer:
False – Fogs, clouds, snow and rain are formed in the troposphere and lower stratosphere of the atmosphere.

Question 3.
Fossil fuels are formed from the dead remains of animals and plants buried underground for a long period.
Answer:
True.

Explain what will happen if:

Question 1.
Forests are destroyed.
Answer:

1. Soil will get eroded due to rains as roots of trees hold the soil.
2. The land will become barren as trees helps to increase the level of ground water.
3. Amount of carbondioxide in the air will increase as trees use carbondioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen.
4. Natural habitat of many animals will get completely destroyed.

Question 2.
What would have happened if there was no air on the earth?
Answer:

1. Air contains gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, dust particles and water vapour, which are used in various piofeesses in living organisms and environment.
2. If there is no air then there will be no life as oxygen is essential for all living beings to survive. Also atmosphere is a very important filter. It prevents die harmful elements from reaching the earth.
3. Hence without air, our earth would become a cold, dark planet without any life.

Answer the following:

Question 1.
What is humus?
Answer:
Humus is the topmost layer of the soil formed d by decomposition of remains of plants and animals and it makes the soil fertile.

Question 2.
What is land made up of?
Answer:
Land is made up of stones, soil, sand and big rocks.

Question 3.
Is land flat everywhere?
Answer:
No, land is not flat everywhere. It is flat in some regions and hilly in some regions.

Question 4.
Does man produce soil/ land?
Answer:
No, man does not produce soil/land, it is produced naturally.

Question 5.
What do you see on land?
Answer:
We see mountains, rivers, valleys, ocean, also terrestrial animals and plants. We also see roads, bridges, buildings etc.

Question 6.
What has man created on land?
Answer:
Man has dug wells, borewells to lift ground water. He has also constructed bunds and dams. He has also built many industries, buildings, roads for transport.

Question 7.
If a deep pit is dug in the ground, what do you see there?
Answer:
We see different layers of land.

Answer in your own words.

Question 1.
Explain with the help of diagram various layers of land.
Answer:

• Humus – Topmost layer, fertile layer formed by decomposition of remains of plants and animals. Immature
• Soil – Sand, soil, small stones, worms and insects.
• Layer of soil and small rocks – less soil and more rocks.
• Bedrocks – main minerals are obtained from this layer, determines colour and texture of soil.

Observe the picture and answer the questions.

Question 1.
Where do you see the birds?
Answer:
The birds are flying in the sky.

Question 2.
Where is the cow grazing?
Answer:
The cow is grazing in the pasture (field).

Question 3.
Locate the trees.
Answer:
The trees are seen along the river bank.

Question 4.
Where does the river come from?
Answer:
The river flows from the mountains towards the plains.

Question 5.
Where is the aeroplane?
Answer:
The aeroplane is in the sky above the clouds.

Question 6.
Where are fishes seen?
Answer:
Fishes are seen swimming in the river water.

Question 7.
On what is the sail boat floating?
Answer:
Sail boat is floating on the water.

Observe and discuss:

Question 1.
What is the similarity in the three pictures given above?
Answer:
All the pictures given above show large scale emission of smoke through different agencies. This smoke directly mixes with the atmosphere, disturbing the balance between the constituents of air and causing air pollution.

Observe and discuss:

Observe the distribution of water on the earth surface and complete the table.

Question 1.

Answer:

Water available on earth	percentage
Seas, oceans	97%
Groundwater and water in other forms	2.7%
Water available for drinking	0.3%
Total	100%

Observe given figure carefully and answer the following.

Question 1.
For which purpose is water being used?
Answer:
Water is being used for washing clothes, for bathing, farming, drinking, and industries.

Question 2.
Do other living things use water like we do?
Answer:
Animals do not use water like us. They use water only for drinking. Some animals like buffaloes, rhinoceros, elephants use water for cooling themselves during summers.

Question 3.
What are the constituents of soil? Classify them as biotic and abiotic constituents.
Answer:
The constituents of soil are humus, soil, sand, gravel, stones, bedrock, insects, worms, microbes, roots of trees and dead leaves, burrowing rodents like mice and rats.

Biotic	Abiotic
Microbes, rodents like mice and rats, humus containing microbes and dead leaves.	Soil, sand, gravel, stones, bedrock.

Answer the following:

Question 1.
How would you save water? Give some measures you will adopt.
Answer:
Water can be saved in the following ways:

1. Repair the leaking taps and pipes and prevent wastage of water.
2. Take water in a bucket to wash a car, rather than using a hose pipe.
3. Close the tap when not required.
4. Store rainwater in underground tanks so that it can be used all round the year.
5. Water leftover after washing vegetables etc. can be used for watering plants in the garden.
6. Use water sparingly and reuse water wherever possible.

Question 2.
What measures would you take to prevent soil erosion?
Answer:

1. The trees, bushes and grass shall be planted in open spaces.
2. Shrubs will be planted along the river banks to prevent floods.
3. Proper drainage system will be provided so that there is no flooding of water.

Let’s try this

1. Take a transparent plastic bottle, a handful of soil, big stones, small stones, sand, some dry leaves and water.
2. Cut off the upper tapering part of the bottle. Put the rest of the materials in the lower part and add water.
3. Stir the mixture thoroughly and put it aside.

Observe it the next day and answer.

Question 1.
How does the mixture in the bottle look now?
Answer:
The mixture gets segregated into various layers. Heaviest substances settle down and lighter forms topmost layer.

Question 2.
Do you see the layers in it?
Answer:
Yes, we see the layers of soil.

Question 3.
What is seen in the different layers from top to bottom?
Answer:
The dry leaves are floating above the water at the top. Then the layer of the soil, which forms a layer above the sand. Below the sand we see a layer of small stones, and the big ones have settled down at the bottom of the bottle.

Question 4.
Obtain specimens of soil from various places and note the differences in the specimen with respect to colour, feel, texture and size of the particles.
Answer:

Area from where soil sample is taken	Colour	Texture
1. Own yard	Red colour	Smooth soil which is dry.
2. Garden	Black colour	Sticky soil, rich in humus and insects.
3. Hills	Red colour	Rough soil with small stones and pebbles.
4. River banks	White colour	Sandy and moist in nature.
5. Fields	Black soil	Sticky soil with fine particles, rich in humus and worms.
6. Rocky ground	Black	Coarse with stones and pebbles, hardly any fine soil is seen.

Question 5.
Observe how much water is used and for what purposes it is used in your house for a whole day. Record it in a chart. Discuss this data and find out how much water each person needs in your house.
Answer:

Purpose for which water is used	Amount of water (approx in litres)
1. Bath	50 litres
2. Brushing teeth	1 litre
3. Washing clothes and utensils	75 litres
4. Mopping the floor	10 litres
5. Drinking	8 litres
6. Cooking	6 litres
Total use of water	150 litres

Total number of persons = 3
Total water used per person = \(\frac{50}{3}\) = 50 litres.
Approximately 50 litres of water is required for 1 person.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Marathi Solutions Sulabhbharati Chapter 2 माझा अनुभव Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Marathi Solutions Chapter 2 माझा अनुभव

Marathi Sulabhbharti Class 6 Solutions Chapter 2 माझा अनुभव Textbook Questions and Answers

1. का ते लिहा.

प्रश्न अ.
रिमाने आनंदाने उड्या मारल्या.
उत्तर:
आगगाडीने मामाच्या गावाला जायचे म्हणून रिमाने आनंदाने उड्या मारल्या.

प्रश्न आ.
मुलाने बाळाला मांडीवर घेतले.
उत्तर:
मावशींच्या मांडीवर बसलेले बाळ खुदकन हसले म्हणून मुलाने बाळाला मांडीवर घेतले.

प्रश्न इ.
मुलाचे मन आनंदाने थुईथुई नाचू लागले.
उत्तर:
पानांची सळसळ, नदीची खळखळ, पक्ष्यांची किलबिल, गाईंचे हंबरणे, पशु, पक्षी, शेते पाहून मुलाचे मन आनंदाने थुईथुई नाचू लागले.

प्रश्न ई.
मुलांना गहिवरून आले.
उत्तर:
आजीच्या हाताचा थरथरणारा स्पर्श खूप प्रेमळ अन् बोलका होता म्हणून मुलांना गहिवरून आले.

2. ‘सुट्टी कधी संपली, ते आम्हांला समजलेच नाही.’ असे मुलाला का वाटले? तुमच्या शब्दांत लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
‘सुट्टी कधी संपली, ते आम्हांला समजलेच नाही.’ असे मुलाला का वाटले? तुमच्या शब्दांत लिहा.
उत्तर:
सुट्टीत विहिरीवर पोहायला जाणे, शेतात बागडणे, आंब्याच्या झाडावर चढून कैऱ्या, पाडाचा आंबा तोडून खाणे, बैलगाडीतून मामाबरोबर फेरफटका मारणे, कधी शेतावर तर कधी आमराईत मामाबरोबर फिरायला जाणे या सर्व मजेत सुट्टी कधी संपली ते मुलांना कळलेच नाही.

3. वाचा. सांगा. लिहा.
नादमय शब्द उदा., छुमछुम, झुकझुक.

प्रश्न अ.
वाचा. सांगा. लिहा.
नादमय शब्द उदा., छुमछुम, झुकझुक.
उत्तर:
फडफड, खडखड, सळसळ, खळखळ, खुळखुळ, थुईथुई

4. खालील शब्दाचे समानार्थी शब्द लिहा.
(अ) वारा, (आ) तोंड, (इ) रस्ता, (ई) आई, (उ) शेत

प्रश्न अ.
वारा
उत्तर:
वारा – पवन, वायू

प्रश्न आ.
तोंड
उत्तर:
तोंड – मुख, चेहरा

प्रश्न इ.
रस्ता
उत्तर:
रस्ता – मार्ग, सडक

प्रश्न ई.
आई
उत्तर:
आई – माता, जननी

प्रश्न उ.
शेत
उत्तर:
शेत – शिवार

5. जोड्या जुळवा.

प्रश्न अ.

‘अ’ गट	‘ब’ गट
1. आगगाडी	(अ) खुळखुळ
2. पैंजण	(ब) खडखड
3. घुंगूरमाळा	(क) झुकझुक
4. बैलगाडी	(ड) खळखळ
5. पाणी	(इ) छुमछुम

उत्तर:

‘अ’ गट	‘ब’ गट
1. आगगाडी	(क) झुकझुक
2. पैंजण	(इ) छुमछुम
3. घुंगूरमाळा	(अ) खुळखुळ
4. बैलगाडी	(ब) खडखड
5. पाणी	(उ) छुमछुम

6. गाईचे हंबरणे’ तसे खालील पशुपक्ष्यांचे आवाजदर्शक शब्द लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
गाईचे हंबरणे’ तसे खालील पशुपक्ष्यांचे आवाजदर्शक शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:
(अ) बकरी – बेंऽ बेंऽ
(आ) वाघ – डरकाळी
(इ) बेडूक – डराँव डराँव
(ई) कुत्रा – भुंकणे
(उ) मांजर – म्याँव म्याँव करणे
(ऊ) मोर – माओ माओ

7. खालील वाक्प्रचाराचा वाक्यात उपयोग करा.

प्रश्न 1.
खालील वाक्प्रचारांचा वाक्यात उपयोग करा.
उत्तर:
(अ) खुदकन हसणे – बाळ खुदकन हसले.
(आ) गाढ झोपणे – आई गाढ झोपली होती.
(इ) कडकडून भेटणे – अमेरिकेतून आल्यावर मी भावाला कडकडून भेटलो.
(ई) टुकुटुकु पाहणे – बाळ सर्वांकडे टुकुटुकु पहात होते.
(उ) आनंदाने थुईथुई नाचणे – काळे मेघ पाहून मोर आनंदाने थुईथुई नाचतो.
(ऊ) गहिवरून येणे – निरोप देताना मला गहिवरून आले.

8. बाजारहाट’ यासारखे आणखी काही जोडशब्द लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
बाजारहाट’ यासारखे आणखी काही जोडशब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

1. धावपळ
2. नातीगोती
3. पाटपाणी
4. नरमगरम
5. भाजीपाला
6. धुणीभांडी
7. गणगोत

9. तुम्ही एखादे चांगले काम केले आहे त्या प्रसंगाचे अनुभवलेखन करा.

प्रश्न 1.
तुम्ही एखादे चांगले काम केले आहे त्या प्रसंगाचे अनुभवलेखन करा.
उत्तर:
आमच्याकडे घरकामासाठी येणाऱ्या बाईच्या मुलीला मी रोज खाऊ देतो. ती दुसरीत असल्याने तिचा अभ्यासही घेतो. तिची आई काम करेपर्यंत गाणी, कविता शिकवतो. कधी कधी गोष्टीची पुस्तके वाचून दाखवतो. मी तिला चार वया व काही पेन्सीलीही दिल्या आहेत. तिच्यात अभ्यासाची गोडी निर्माण करण्याचा मी प्रयत्न केला आहे. खाल्लेल्या गोळीचा कागद कचरापेटीत टाकायला शिकवले. नखे कापायला व स्वच्छ रहायला शिकवले. तिच्यात बरीच सुधारणा आहे. या चांगल्या कामाने मला समाधान मिळाले.

10. तुमच्या घरातील व्यक्तींबरोबर सुट्टीच्या दिवशी

प्रश्न 1.
तुमच्या घरातील व्यक्तींबरोबर सुट्टीच्या दिवशी
उत्तर:

11. खालील शब्दांसारखे दोन – दोन शब्द लिहा. 

प्रश्न 1.
खालील शब्दांसारखे दोन – दोन शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:
(अ) सळसळ – (1) मळमळ (2) जळजळ
(आ) भुरभुर – (1) फुरफुर (2) गुरगुर
(इ) लुकलुक – (1) झुकझुक (2) टुकटुक
(ई) खडखड – (1) धडधड (2) बडबड

12. हे शब्द असेच लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
हे शब्द असेच लिहा.
उत्तर:
उद्या, उन्हाने, तल्लीन, स्टेशन, स्वागत, वाऱ्यांच्या, तेवढ्यात, येणाऱ्या, रस्त्याला, कोंबड्यांचा, स्पर्श, प्रेमळ, दुसऱ्या, कैऱ्या, सुट्टी, आंब्याच्या.

13. खालील शब्द आपण कधी वापरतो?

आपण एका वस्तूबद्दल बोलू लागलो, की त्यास एकवचन म्हणतो आणि अनेकांबद्दल बोलू लागलो, की त्यास अनेकवचन म्हणतो.
उदा., एक झाड – अनेक झाडे.
खालील शब्दांच्या जोड्या वाचा व समजून घ्या.

उत्तर:

• कृपया – विनंती करताना.
  उदा. ’कृपया, मला एक पेन्सिल दे.“
• माफ करा – क्षमा मागताना.
  उदा. ’माफ करा. तुम्हांला चुकून धक्का लागला.“
• आभारी आहे – आभार मानताना.
  उदा. ’तू मला पेन्सिल दिलीस, त्याबद्दल मी आभारी आहे.“

14. खालील वाक्यातील नामांना अधोरेखित करा.

प्रश्न अ.
बाबांचा सदरा उसवला.
उत्तर:
बाबांचा सदरा उसवला.

प्रश्न आ.
सुमनने गुलाबाचे रोपटे लावले.
उत्तर:
सुमनने गुलाबाचे रोपटे लावले.

प्रश्न इ.
पाकिटात पैसे नव्हते.
उत्तर:
पाकिटात पैसे नव्हते.

प्रश्न ई.
मुले बागेत खेळत होती
उत्तर:
मुले बागेत खेळत होती.

प्रश्न उ.
समोरून बैल येत होता.
उत्तर:
समोरून बैल येत होता.

प्रश्न ऊ.
सरिता व फरिदा चांगल्या मैत्रिणी आहेत.
उत्तर:
सरिता व फरिदा चांगल्या मैत्रिणी आहेत.

प्रश्न ए.
पंकजने परीक्षेत पहिला नंबर मिळवला.
उत्तर:
पंकजने परीक्षेत पहिला नंबर मिळवला.

Marathi Sulabhbharti Class 6 Solutions Chapter 2 माझा अनुभव Important Additional Questions and Answers

खालील वाक्यात रिकाम्या जागा भरून वाक्ये पुन्हा लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.

1. पायांतले …………… छुमछुम वाजवत ती घरभर फिरली.
2. आगगाडी ………… करत चालली होती.
3. तिचा चेहरा …………. दिसत होता.
4. मी ……………. मांडीवर घेतले.
5. स्टेशनवर ………….. घेऊन मामा आला होता.
6. बैलांच्या गळ्यातील …………. खुळखुळ वाजत होत्या.
7. मन …………… थुईथुई नाचत होते.
8. आम्ही …………………. बिलगलो.
9. आमची ………….. कधी संपली ते आम्हांला समजलेच नाही.

उत्तर:

1. पैंजण
2. झुकझुक
3. प्रसन्न
4. बाळाला
5. बैलगाडी
6. घुगूरमाळा
7. आनंदाने
8. आजीला
9. सुट्टी

का ते लिहा.

माझा अनुभव प्रश्न उत्तर प्रश्न 1.
रिमाचे डोळे लुकलुकत होते.
उत्तर:
खिडकीतून येणाऱ्या उन्हामुळे रिमाचे डोळे लुकलुकत होते.

Marathi Sulabhbharti Class 6 Solutions Chapter 2 प्रश्न 2.
सुट्टी कधी संपली, ते मुलांना समजलेच नाही.
उत्तर:
पोहणे, बागडणे, आंबे खाणे, शेतात-आमराईत जाणे या सर्व मजेत सुट्टी कधी संपली ते कळलेच नाही.

खालील प्रश्नांची एका वाक्यात उत्तरे लिहा.

माझा अनुभव प्रश्न 1.
मावशींच्या मांडीवर कोण बसले होते?
उत्तर:
मावशींच्या मांडीवर छोटेसे बाळ बसले होते.

Maza Anubhav Question Answers प्रश्न 2.
स्टेशनवर बैलगाडी घेऊन कोण आला होता?
उत्तर:
स्टेशनवर बैलगाडी घेऊन मामा आला होता.

अनुभव समानार्थी शब्द मराठी प्रश्न 3.
शेतातली पिके कशी डुलत होती?
उत्तर:
शेतातली पिके वाऱ्यावर मंद मंद डुलत होती.

Maza Anubhav In Marathi प्रश्न 3.
घरी येताच कोणी स्वागत केले?
उत्तर:
घरी येताच मामीने स्वागत केले.

आनंदी समानार्थी शब्द मराठी प्रश्न 4.
आजीने मुलांचे लाड कसे केले?
उत्तर:
आजीने मुलांच्या डोक्यावरून, तोंडावरून प्रेमाने हात फिरवून मुलांचे लाड केले.

प्रश्न 5.
मुले कोठे पोहायला जात?
उत्तर:
मुले विहिरीवर पोहायला जात.

प्रश्न 6.
सुट्टी संपल्यावर सगळे कुठे परतले?
उत्तरः
सुट्टी संपल्यावर सगळे गावी आपल्या घरी परतले.

प्रश्न 7.
मुले मामाबरोबर कुठे फिरायला जात?
उत्तर:
मुले मामाबरोबर आमराईत फिरायला जात.

प्रश्न 8.
मामाच्या मुलांची नावे लिहा.
उत्तर:
राजू आणि चिमी ही मामाच्या मुलांची नावे आहेत.

खालील प्रश्नांची दोन-तीन वाक्यात उत्तरे लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
मामाच्या गावातील सायंकाळचे वर्णन करा.
उत्तर:
घरी जाण्यासाठी सर्व बैलगाडीत बसले. तोवर सायंकाळ झाली होती. पाने सळसळत होती. पाण्याची खळखळ, पक्ष्यांची किलबिल, शेतात चरणाऱ्या गाईंचे हंबरणे, बकऱ्यांचे बेंऽ बेंऽ ऐकू येत होते. शेतातील पिके वाऱ्यावर मंद मंद डुलत होती.

प्रश्न 2.
मामाच्या घरी सर्वांचे स्वागत कसे झाले?
उत्तर:
मामा स्वत: बैलगाडी घेऊन स्टेशनवर घ्यायला आला होता. घरी येताच मामीने तोंडभर हसून सगळ्यांचे स्वागत केले, राजू व चिमी ही मामाची मुले वाटच पहात होती. ते सगळ्यांना कडकडून भेटले. आजी हळूहळू काठी टेकवत आली व तिने मुलांच्या डोक्यावरून, तोंडावरून प्रेमाने हात फिरवला.

व्याकरण व भाषाभ्यास:

• एकवचन – जेव्हा आपण एका वस्तूबद्दल बोलतो तेव्हा ते एकवचन असते.
• अनेकवचन – जेव्हा आपण अनेक वस्तूंबद्दल बोलतो तेव्हा ते अनेकवचन असते.

खालील शब्दांचे वचन बदला.

प्रश्न 1.

1. आंबा
2. आगगाडी
3. केस
4. खिडकी
5. पीक
6. धुंगूरमाळ
7. पान
8. घर
9. पक्षी
10. चेहरा
11. नदी
12. परीक्षा
13. कैऱ्या

उत्तर:

1. आंबे
2. आगगाड्या
3. केस
4. खिडक्या
5. पिके
6. घुगूरमाळा
7. पाने
8. घरे
9. पक्षी
10. चेहरे
11. नदया
12. परीक्षा
13. कैरी

खालील वाक्यातील नामांना अधोरेखित करा.

प्रश्न 1.
मुलांनी खाऊ खाल्ला.
उत्तर:
मुलांनी खाऊ खाल्ला.

खालील शब्दांचे समानार्थी शब्द लिहा.

प्रश्न 1.
खालील शब्दांचे समानार्थी शब्द लिहा.

1. धमाल
2. बिलगणे
3. झुळूक
4. छोटे
5. बागडणे

उत्तरः

1. मजा
2. प्रेमाने जवळ येणे
3. वाऱ्याची लहर
4. लहान
5. खेळणे.

प्रश्न 2.
‘गाईचे हंबरणे’ तसे खालील पशुपक्ष्यांचे आवाजदर्शक शब्द लिहा.

1. कोल्हा
2. चिमणी
3. कोकीळ
4. कावळा

उत्तर:

1. कुई कुई
2. चिव-चिव
3. कुहू कुहू
4. काव-काव

प्रश्न 3.
खालील शब्दांसारखे दोन दोन शब्द लिहा.
उत्तर:

• सरसर – (1) झरझर (2) घरघर
• झपझप – (1) धपधप (2) रपरप

प्रश्न 4.
खालील वाक्प्रचारांचा वाक्यात उपयोग करा.
उत्तर:
तल्लीन होणे – मालिनी सतार वाजवताना तल्लीन होते.

लेखन विभाग:

प्रश्न 1.
खालील शब्द आपण कधी वापरतो? (कृपया, माफ करा, आभारी आहे.)

उत्तर:

1. कृपया येथे माझे सामान ठेवाल कां?
2. माफ करा माझ्या हातून कप फुटला.
3. आपण मला मदत केलीत, आभारी आहे.

प्रश्न 2.
तुमच्या वर्गात तुम्ही कोणते सुविचार लिहाल?
उत्तर:

1. प्रयत्न केल्याने यश मिळते. अपयशाने खचू नका.
2. निसर्ग तुमचे भविष्य आहे. त्याची काळजी घ्या. निसर्ग जपा. झाडांशी मैत्री करा.
3. चांगला आहार मन, बुद्धी व शरीराला पोषक असतो.
4. खूप वाचा. खूप शिका. मोठ्यांचा आदर करा.
5. अंधश्रद्धेला बळी पडू नका. ज्ञानाची ज्योत पेटवा.

प्रश्न 3.
बागेत तुम्ही कोणते सुचना फलक पाहता?
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 4.
सामाजिक समस्यांवर आधारित घोषवाक्ये लिहा.
उत्तर:

1. पाणी जीवन आहे. जपून वापरा.
2. नका तोडू वृक्ष, रहा नेहमी दक्ष.
3. निसर्गाचा ठेवा मान, राखा पर्यावरणाचे भान.
4. वीज, पाणी, पेट्रोल, डिझेल ही साधनसंपत्ती; नका करू नाश, नाहीतर ओढवेल आपत्ती.
5. कापडी पिशव्यांची साथ खरी; प्लॅस्टिक नको दारोदारी.

माझा अनुभव Summary in Marathi

पाठ परिचयः

प्रस्तुत पाठात वार्षिक परीक्षा संपल्यानंतर मामाच्या गावाला जाण्याचे प्रवासवर्णन व मामाच्या गावात पोहचल्यावर केलेली मौजमजा शब्दचित्रीत केली आहे. उन्हाळ्याच्या सुट्टीचा आनंद कसा लुटला याचा अनुभव मांडला आहे.

शब्दर्थ:

1. झुळूक – वाऱ्याची लहर (breeze)
2. छोटे – लहान (small)
3. गाढ झोपणे – शांत झोपणे (deep sleep)
4. हंबरणे – गाईचा आवाज (bellow)
5. प्रेमळ – प्रेमाने भरलेला (loving)
6. धमाल – मजा (enjoyment, great fun)
7. बागडणे – खेळणे (to play)
8. कैऱ्या – कच्चे आंबे (raw mangoes)
9. पाडाचा आंबा – अर्धवट पिकलेला आंबा (half riped mango)
10. आमराई – आंब्यांची बाग (mango orchard)

वाक्प्रचार व अर्थ:

1. तल्लीन होणे- दंग होणे, गुंग होणे
2. गहिवरून येणे – मन भरून येणे
3. कडकडून भेटणे – प्रेमाने मिठी मारणे
4. गाठणे – जाऊन भेटणे
5. बिलगणे – प्रेमाने आलिंगन देणे

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 11 Work and Energy Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 11 Work and Energy

Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Work and Energy Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in each blank with the appropriate term from the brackets.

Question a.
A bucketful of water is to be drawn from a well ………. will be done when a ………… is applied to do this, because there will be an ……………. of water.
(displacement, workforce)
Answer:
work, force, displacement

Question b.
If a ball is dropped on the sloping roof of a house, it acquires ……………. and falls on the ground. That is transformation of ………… energy into ……….. energy takes place.
(kinetic, potential, motion)
Answer:
motion, kinetic, potential

Question c.
You might have seen some beautiful fireworks during Diwali. It is an example of transformation of ……….. energy into ………………. energy.
(light, atom, chemical, solar)
Answer:
chemical, light

Question d.
The solar cooker is an application of the ………… energy of the sun, while solar cells, solar lamps are applications of the ………….. energy of the sun.
(light, chemical, heat)
Answer:
heat, light

Question e.
One labourer carried four pans of road metal through a distance of 100 metres. If he carries two pans of road metal through a 200 metre distance …………. work will be done.
(equal, more, less)
Answer:
equal

Question f.
The capacity that an object has for doing work is called ………… .
(energy, displacement, force)
Answer:
energy

2. Match the pairs.

Question a.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Rolling object	a. Heat energy
2. Food	b. Atomic energy
3. Stretched bow	c. Kinetic energy
4. Sunlight	d. Potential energy
5. Uranium	e. Chemical energy

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Rolling object	c. Kinetic energy
2. Food	e. Chemical energy
3. Stretched bow	d. Potential energy
4. Sunlight	a. Heat energy
5. Uranium	b. Atomic energy

3. Can you tell?

Question a.
When can we say that displacement has taken place?
Answer:
When the position of an object changes, we say that the object is displaced.

Question b.
What are the various forms of energy?
Answer:
Various forms of energy are: mechanical energy, heat energy, light energy, sound energy, chemical energy and electrical energy.

Question c.
Describe the natural chain of transformation of energy.
Answer:

1. In the course of water cycle, water evaporates due to the heat of the sun.
2. This water vapour forms clouds that give rain.
3. Rainwater flows into rivers and is stored in reservoirs or dams.
4. This stored water at a height has potential energy.
5. As the water falls down, this is transformed into kinetic energy.
6. When the water falls on the turbine, its kinetic energy is transferred to turbine.
7. The turbine rotates producing electrical energy.

Question d.
What should be taken into account for measuring work?
Answer:
For measuring work both force and displacement must be taken into account.

Question e.
Why should we save energy?
Answer:
Due to increasing population and increasing use of energy resources, there is a danger that limited reserves of coal, petrol, etc. will get exhausted. Hence, we should save energy for future generation.

Question f.
What is ‘green energy’?
Answer:
The energy resources which do not produce smoke and carbon gases such as carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide are called ‘green energy resources’. Energy from them is called green energy.

Question g.
What are the non-conventional energy resources?
Answer:
The resources that:

1. have not been used traditionally.
2. are inexhaustible and continuous.
3. That can be used in various forms again and again are called non-conventional energy resources.
4. e.g.: solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, hydal power.

Question h.
Which forms of energy from the sun is used in solar energy devices?
Answer:

1. Heat energy from the sun is used in solar cookers, solar water heaters, solar driers.
2. Light energy from the sun is used in solar cells, solar panels.
3. Solar electric plants have the capacity to produce electricity on large scale.

Question i.
Why should we maximize the use of non- ntional energy sources?
Answer:

1. Due to increase in population there is increasing use of conventional sources like petrol, coal, etc. Their reserves are limited and they may get exhausted.
2. Hence, it will be better to use non- conventional sources of energy to save conventional resources for future.

4. Who is the odd-one-out?

Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Work And Energy Question 1.
Diesel, crude oil, natural gas, wind.
Answer:
wind

Work And Energy Class 6 Maharashtra Board Question 2.
A running car, hauling a log, a book kept on a table, picking up the school bag.
Answer:
A book kept on table.

Work And Energy Class 6 Question 3.
Sunlight, wind, wave, petrol.
Answer:
Petrol.

11 Work And Energy Class 6 Question 4.
Leaving the fan on in a vacant room, leaving the TV on while working, using A.C during winter, putting off the light when going out.
Answer:
putting off the light when going out.

5. Find out the types of energy from the following puzzle.

Question a.
Find out the types of energy from the following puzzle.

Answer:
Potential, Kinetic, Solar, Wind, Sound, Light, Heat

Activity:

Work And Energy Exercise Class 6 Question 1.
How can you save energy at home and in school? Discuss this with your friends and list all such measures. Put them into practice.

Work And Energy Class 6 Questions Answers Question 2.
Find out about energy saving devices available in the market.

Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Work and Energy Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

Work And Energy Class 6 Exercise Question 1.
Falling water possesses ………………… energy.
(potential, kinetic, chemical)
Answer:
kinetic

Work And Energy Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 2.
Heat is measured in unit called ……………….. .
(kilometres, kilogram, calorie)
Answer:
calorie

Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Question 3.
Plant stores the food in the form of ……………….. energy.
(mechanical, light, chemical)
Answer:
chemical

11. Work And Energy Class 6 Question 4.
We should use ……………….. energy resources with care.
(conventional, non-conventional, both)
Answer:
conventional

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Solar energy	a. Waves
2. Tidal energy	b. Home cooking
3. Natural gas	c. Car
4. Petrol	d. Solar water heater

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Solar energy	d. Solar water heater
2. Tidal energy	a. Waves
3. Natural gas	b. Home cooking
4. Petrol	c. Car

Can you tell?

6th Science Work And Energy Question 1.
Water in dams or reservoirs shows potential energy.
Answer:
Rainwater flows into river and is stored in reservoirs on dams. These are at height and therefore, their water has potential energy.

Class 6 Science Chapter 11 Question Answer Question 2.
The sun is the most important source of all energy.
Answer:
All forms of energy are utilizing indirectly solar energy in all transformation of energy. Therefore, the sun is the most important source of all energy.

Question 3.
What is tidal energy?
Answer:
A wall is constructed at a narrow region of a creek. Due to waves generated by high and low tides, the turbine of the generator fitted in the wall starts rotating and electricity is generated.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Why do you get hungry after physical exercise?
Answer:

1. When we do physical exercise we use the energy stored in the body.
2. To replenish this energy, we have to eat. Hence we feel hungry.

Question 2.
From where does our body get energy.
Answer:
Our body gets energy from the food we eat.

Question 3.
Why do we get tired?
Answer:
When we do any work, we use the energy. If this energy level becomes very low, then we feel tired.

Question 4.
What is the unit of work and energy?
Answer:
The unit of work and energy in SI (System International) is ‘Joule’.

Question 5.
If no displacement occurs on applying a force, what does it indicate?
Answer:
If no displacement occurs, then no work is said to be performed.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
In the game of marbles, from where does one marble get energy to set another marble in motion?
Answer:
When we apply physical force to the fast marble, it gains some force and when it strikes the second marble, energy in the form of force is transferred to the second marble and this force sets the second marble in motion.

Question 2.
While playing carrom from where does the striker gets the energy to make the pieces move?
Answer:
When we strike the striker, the force exerted by our muscles is transferred to the striker. When the striker strikes the coin, this energy is transferred to the coin which may help to pocket the coin.

Question 3.
What will happen as result of the action in the picture?

Question i.
The rubber band is released after streaching it.
Answer:
It comes back to its orriginal position.

Question ii.
A stone is held in the rubber of a catapult, the rubber is stretched and released.
Answer:
Stone gets thrown to a distance and rubber band cones back to its original position.

Let’s try this.

Question 1.
If we hold a convex lens over a sheet of paper in sunlight such that there is tiny spot of light on the paper for a while. What happens? Why?
Answer:

1. If a convex lens is held over a paper in sunlight such that there is a tiny spot of light on the paper for a while the paper bums.
2. This is due to the heat energy of the sun concentrated at a point due to the convex lens.

Question 2.
How does a picture appear on the screen of a TV?
Answer:
When a TV is switched on, the electrical energy is converted into light and sound energy. Hence, a picture appears on TV.

Question 3.
In which form is energy stored in plant food?
Answer:
Energy stored in plant food is in the form of chemical energy.

Question 4.
How is energy obtained from cooking gas?
Answer:
Energy obtained from cooking gas is heat energy which is obtained by conversion of chemical energy.

Question 5.
Why is Energy not visible to us?
Answer:
Energy is the capacity to do work. Energy is converted from one form to another in the form of work being done. Hence it is not visible to us.

How are we different from each other?

Question 1.
Potential energy and Kinetic energy
Answer:

Potential energy	Kinetic energy
1. Energy stored in an object due to its position is called potential energy.	1. Energy possessed by a body due to its motion is called kinetic energy.
2. No work is performed.	2. Work is performed.

Question 2.
Work and energy
Answer:

Work	Energy
1. When an object is displaced by applying force on it, work is said to be done.	1. Energy is the capacity to do work.
2. Work is done as a result of using energy.	2. Energy is the cause for work to be done.

Question 3.
Conventional and Non-conventional energy sources
Answer:

Conventional source of energy	Non-Conventional source of energy
1. Man has been using these energy resources for centuries.	1. These resources have not been used traditionally.

Classify as directed:

Question 1.
Into kinetic and potential energy
Waterfalls, water in a reservoir, a stretched spring, a boy running in a race.
Answer:

• Potential – water in a reservoir, a stretched spring.
• Kinetic – waterfalls, a boy running in a race.

Question 2.
Into conventional and non-conventional energy sources.
Tidal energy, diesel, cooking gas, coal, hydropower, solar energy.
Answer:

• Conventional energy sources – diesel, cooking gas, coal.
• Non-conventional energy sources – tidal energy, hydropower, solar energy.

Question 3.
Into different forms of energy

1. rubber band is released
2. cooking food
3. switching on fan
4. a battery
5. radio
6. TV

Answer:

1. Mechanical energy
2. Heat energy
3. Mechanical energy, electrical energy
4. Chemical energy
5. Sound energy
6. Light and sound energy

Define:

Question 1.
Work
Answer:
When an object is displaced by applying a force on it, work is said to be done.

Question 2.
Energy
Answer:
Energy is the capacity to do work.

Question 3.
Chemical energy
Answer:
The energy obtained through chemical action is called chemical energy.

Question 4.
Potential energy
Answer:
The energy which is stored in an object due to a specific state or position of that object is called potential energy.

Question 5.
Kinetic energy
Answer:
The energy obtained by the virtue of its motion is called kinetic energy.

Question 6.
Solar energy
Answer:
The enormous and continuous energy obtained from the sun is called solar energy. Solar energy is at the root of all energy available on earth.

Question 7.
Conventional energy resources: (non-renewable energy sources)
Answer:
The energy sources which man has been using for centuries and that cannot be replenished are called conventional energy sources.

Question 8.
Renewable energy sources: (non – conventional energy sources)
Answer:
The resources that have not been used traditionally and that are inexhaustible, continuous and can be used in various forms again and again are called renewable energy sources.

Explain – why?

Question 1.
Energy is not visible to us.
Answer:
There is energy in every substance in the universe. It is present in non-living as well as living things. But still we can only feel the energy when some work is done, e.g. When wind blows, we can feel the coolness in air. When we switch on the light in a dark room, we can see things due to light energy.

Question 2.
Save energy, (use alternative energy sources)
Answer:

1. Due to increasing population, there is increasing usage of energy resources.
2. There is a danger that limited reserves of conventional resources like diesel, crude oil, may get exhausted.
3. We should save energy so that future availability is ensured.
4. It will be better to use alternative and supplementary energy sources.

Question 3.
Methods of saving energy.
Answer:

1. Saving energy is as good as generating energy.
2. There are several ways of saving energy such as putting off lamps when not needed.
3. Making maximum use of sunlight.
4. Saving energy and energy resources is absolutely necessary. Otherwise, we will have to face the serious calamity like global warming.

Question 4.
State the energy conversions in following cases.

1. Solar water heater
2. Solar cell
3. Fission of uranium, thorium
4. Switch on mixer
5. Switch on lamp
6. Switch on TV
7. Switch on radio
8. Ram plays tabla
9. Ravi plays shehnai
10. You switch on the torch
11. Your mother lights the gas stove to cook
12. Dinesh is bursting crackers during Diwali

Answer:

1. Solar energy to heat energy
2. Solar energy to electrical energy
3. Atomic energy to heat energy and then to electrical energy
4. Electrical energy to mechanical energy
5. Electrical energy to light energy
6. Electrical energy to light energy and sound energy
7. Electrical energy to sound energy,
8. Mechanical energy to sound energy
9. Wind energy to sound energy
10. Chemical energy to light energy
11. Chemical energy to heat energy
12. Chemical energy to heat, light and sound energy

Observe the figure below and answer the question given.

Question i.
In the above activity, which are the different forces acting on the box?
Answer:
In the above activity, muscular force, frictional force and gravitational force act on the box.

Question ii.
Is displacement possible without force?
Answer:
No, force has to be applied in order to displace the box.

Question iii.
If force is applied to both the boxes is same, which box will be displaced more?
Answer:
If force applied to both the boxes is same, then empty box will be displaced more than box with books.

Question iv.
If me e books are added to box, and same force is applied, will the displacement be more or less?
Answer:
If the same force is applied for a heavier load then the displacement will be less.

Question v.a.
If a force is applied with both the hands on a wall, will there be a displacement?
Answer:
Whatever be the amount of force applied, the wall will not be displaced.

Question b.
If no displacement occurs on applying as force, what does it indicate?
Answer:
If no displacement occurs, then no work is said to be performed.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 8 Our Skeletal System and the Skin Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 8 Our Skeletal System and the Skin

Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Our Skeletal System and the Skin Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the blanks with the proper word. 

Question a.
The place where two or more bones are connected is called a …………… .
Answer:
joint

Question b.
Cells of epidermis contain a pigment called ………… .
Answer:
melanin

Question c.
…………… and ……………. are the two layers of the human skin.
Answer:
epidermis, dermis

Question d.
The human skeletal, system is divided into ………….. parts.
Answer:
two

2. Match the pairs.

Question a.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Ball and socket joint	a. Knee
2. Hinge joint	b. Wrist
3. Gliding joint	c. Shoulder

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Ball and socket joint	c. Shoulder
2. Hinge joint	a. Knee
3. Gliding joint	b. Wrist

3. Right or wrong? If wrong, write the correct sentence. 

Question a.
Bones are soft.
Answer:
Wrong: Bones are hard.

Question b.
The human skeleton protects the internal organs.
Answer:
Right

4. Put a [✓] mark at the proper places.

Question a.
The system which gives our body. a definite shape to
(a) Excretory system [ ]
(b) Respiratory system [ ]
(c) Skeletal system [ ]
(d) Circulatory system [ ]
Answer:
(c) Skeletal system [✓]

Question b.
The ………… joint is seen in fingers and toes.
(a) Hinge joint [ ]
(b) Ball and socket joint [ ]
(c) Immovable joint [ ]
(d) Gliding joint [ ]
Answer:
(a) Hinge joint [✓]

5. Answer the following questions in your words.

Question a.
What are the functions of your skin?
Answer:
The functions of the skin are :

1. Protects the internal parts of the body like muscles, bones, organ systems etc.
2. Help to preserve the moisture in the body.
3. Synthesizing Vitamin D.
4. Regulates body temperature by releasing sweat.
5. Gives protection from heat and cold.
6. Functions as the sensory organ of touch

Question b.
What should you do to keep the bones strong and healthy?
Answer:
To keep the bones strong and healthy:

1. We should include calcium and phosphrous rich food in our diet.
2. We also include vitamin D rich food in our diet.
3. We get these from milk, milk products, leafy vegetables, meat and exposure to sunlight.
4. We should exercise regularly.

Question c.
What are the functions of human skeletal system?
Answer:
The functions of human skeletal system are:

1. Gives a definite shape to the body.
2. Provides support to the body.
3. Protects the delicate organs inside the body.

Question d.
Which are the various reasons due to which our bones might break?
Answer:
The bones in our body might break due to:

1. Lack of calcium and phosphorous.
2. Due to fracture because of an accident or a fall.
3. Lack of proper nutrition.
4. Due to deficiency of Vitamin D.

Question e.
What are the different types of bones? How many types are there? Give example of each.
Answer:
There are four types of bones in our body:

Types of Bone	Example
1. Flat bones	Sternum in the chest
2. Small bones	Stirrup in each ear
3. Irregular bones	Vertebra posterior (back side) of the body
4. Long bones	Femur or thigh bone

Types of Bone Example

1. Flat bones Sternum in the chest
2. Small bones Stirrup in each ear
3. Irregular bones Vertebra posterior (back side) of the body
4. Long bones Femur or thigh bone

6. What will happen if?

Question a.
There are no joints in our body.
Answer:
If there are no joints in our body, we will be standing like a tree without any movement, we can move only because of joints.

Question b.
There is no melanin pigment in our body.
Answer:
We will not have protection from ultraviolet rays. Our skin will become whitish.

Question c.
Instead of 33 vertebras in our body, we had one single and straight bone.
Answer:
We cannot bend down at our will.

7. Draw diagrams.

Question a.
Types of joints.
Answer:

Question b.
Structure of skin
Answer:

Activity:

Question 1.
Collect pictures of the different parts of the human skeletal system and paste them on chart paper. Write the functions of
each, too.

Question 2.
Collect the pictures, newspaper cuttings, etc. which show the skeletal systems of various animals and observe the differences between them.

Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Our Skeletal System and the Skin Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
The ………………….. protects the brain.
(a) skull
(b) rib cage
(c) spine
(d) none of above
Answer:
(a) skull

Question 2.
X-rays were discovered by …………………..  .
(a) Sir C.V.Raman
(b) Galileo
(c) Sir Isaac Newton
(d) Roentgen
Answer:
(d) Roentgen

Question 3.
The bones of ………………….. are immovable.
(a) hand
(b) leg
(c) spine
(d) skull
Answer:
(d) skull

Question 4.
We can move the bones of ………………….. in a 360° angle.
(a) elbow
(b) knee
(c) shoulder
(d) wrist
Answer:
(c) shoulder

Question 5.
Our body temperature usually remains constant at ………………….. °C.
(a) 32
(b) 35
(c) 37
(d) 40
Answer:
(c) 37

Question 6.
The part of the skin which maintains body temperature is ………………….. .
(a) Epidermis
(b) Dermis
(c) Subcutaneous layer
(d) Network of blood vessels and nerve fibers
Answer:
(c) Subcutaneous layer

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Except for the …………….., none of the bones of the skull can move.
Answer:
lower jaw

Question 2.
The spinal cord originates from the …………… .
Answer:
brain

Question 3.
The longest and the strongest bone in the human body is …………… .
Answer:
femur

Question 4.
…………….. is the smallest bone in our body.
Answer:
stirrup

Question 5.
The vertical, flat bone in the chest is called the ……………… .
Answer:
sternum

Question 6.
The …………… joint moves in a 180° angle.
Answer:
hinge

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Skull	a. 25 bones
2. Rib cage	b. 6 bones
3. Spine	c. 22 bones
4. Both ears	d. 33 bones

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Skull	c. 22 bones
2. Rib cage	a. 25 bones
3. Spine	d. 33 bones
4. Both ears	b. 6 bones

Question 2.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Lower jaw	a. Movable joint
2. Ears	b. Femur
3. Thigh	c. Movable joint in skull
4. Elbow	d. Smallest bone

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Lower jaw	c. Movable joint in skull
2. Ears	d. Smallest bone
3. Thigh	b. Femur
4. Elbow	a. Movable joint

Right or Wrong? If wrong, write the correct answers:

Question 1.
The spine is a part of the appendicular skeleton.
Answer:
Wrong: The spine is a part of the axial skeleton.

Question 2.
Ankle joints are gliding joints.
Answer:
Right

Question 3.
All the skull joints are immovable.
Answer:
Wrong: Except lower jaw, all the skull joints are immovable.

Question 4.
The skin maintains normal body temperature.
Answer:
Right

Answer in one word:

Question 1.
The part which protects the heart and lungs.
Answer:
Rib cage

Question 2.
Ali falls down and his elbow is broken.
Answer:
Fracture

Question 3.
The image which spots the broken bone.
Answer:
X-ray

Question 4.
The biotic component of our body.
Answer:
Bone cell

Question 5.
The part which protects the vertebral column.
Answer:
Spine

Question 6.
The part which connects the bone in our body.
Answer:
Ligament

Question 7.
The organ which helps us to sense whether something is hot or cold.
Answer:
Skin

Question 8.
The pigment which gives colour to the skin.
Answer:
Melanin

Can you tell?

Question 1.
What is a fracture? How will you help a friend who has met with an accident and fractured his leg?
Answer:
Fracture is a crack or break in a bone. Fracture may occur due to accident or fall from height or injury. If my friend’s leg is fractured, then. I would –

1. Ask him to prevent any movement of the fractured part.
2. Get immediate medical help.
3. Take the x-ray image of the fractured or swollen part.
4. An x-ray image shows the exact spot where the bone is broken. This will help in providing proper treatment.

Question 2.
What are the properties of bones?
Answer:
The properties of bones are:

1. Bones are hard and not flexible.
2. Bone cells are composed of two main constituents:
   • Bone cells are biotic components.
   • Calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, minerals and salts are abiotic components.
3. Calcium imparts strength to bones.
4. As we grow the size and length of bones increases upto a certain limit.

Question 3.
What is human skeletal system? How is it divided?
Answer:

1. All the bones together form a framework or a skeleton.
2. All the bones of the body along with cartilage together form the skeletal system.
3. The human skeletal system can be divided into two parts – the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
4. The axial skeleton consists of the skull, the spine and the rib cage. These are situated symmetrically along the central axis.
5. The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of arms and legs on either side of the central axis.

Question 4.
What is a joint? What are it’s types?
Answer:
Joints are places where two or more than two bones are connected to each other.

Question 5.
Describe the structure of skin.
Answer:

1. Human skin is made up of two main layers- outermost layer, epidermis and layer below it called dermis.
2. Below dermis there is a network of blood vessels and nerve fibers.
3. Under this layer there is a subcutaneous layer, which maintains body temperature.
4. The epidermis has various layers.
5. There are sweat glands in the skin which secrete sweat.

Question 6.
Write a short note on melanin.
Answer:

1. Melanin is a pigment present in the cells of epidermis.
2. Melanin is synthesized in certain glands in the skin.
3. The percentage of melanin decides the fairness or darkness of the skin.
4. Melanin protects our skin and the inner parts from ultraviolet sunrays.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Which colour of the skin will give greater protection from sun’s rays?
Answer:
Darker colour will give greater protection.

Give scientific reasons:

Question 1.
We are able to bend down at our will.
Answer:

1. 33 bones of the spine are placed straight one above the other.
2. They are arranged flexibly.
3. Their flexibility allows us to bend down at our will.

Question 2.
Calcium is an important mineral.
Answer:

1. Calcium imparts strength to our bones.
2. If we are calcium deficient, possibility of bone fracture during a fall or an accident increases.
3. Hence, calcium is an important mineral.

Question 3.
Sweating helps to lower the body temperature.
Answer:

1. In the hot sun, the temperature of the skin rises.
2. The sweat is released.
3. The heat required for the evaporation of sweat is drawn from the body itself.
4. Hence, sweating lowers the body temperature.

Question 4.
Some people have jet black hair, while others have brown or reddish hair.
Answer:

1. It is melanin that determines the colour of our hair.
2. Jet black hair is due to pure melanin.
3. Brown hair is due to sulphur in the melanin.
4. Reddish hair is due to iron in the melanin.

Question 5.
Observe and discuss:
Your grandmother has wrinkles on her skin.
Answer:

1. As we grow older, the proportion of fat beneath the skin reduces.
2. However, previously tout skin does not shrink.
3. This causes wrinkles on the face of older people.

What will happen if:

Question 1.
If skin had no sweat glands.
Answer:
Skin regulates body temperature by releasing sweat. If skin had no sweat glands then we will not be able to maintain our body temperature at a constant 37°C.

Can you recall?

Question 1.
Which organ help us to sense whether something is hot or cold, rough or smooth, etc?
Answer:
The skin functions as the sensory organ of touch.

Question 2.
What happens when we walk or play in the hot sun?
Answer:
When we walk or play in the sun, we get tired, our skin secrete sweat.

Observe the figure and label as directed.

Question 1.

In the above figure label the parts marked a, b, c, d, e and hence show axial and appendicular
skeleton.
Answer:
(a) Skull
(b) Rib cage
(c) Spine
(d) Arm
(e) Leg
Axial skeleton: skull, the spine and rib cage
Appendicular: legs, arms

Question 2.

In the given figure, name the type of bones marked a, b, c, d. State where they are seen in our body.
Answer:
(a) Flat bones – rib cage and gliding joint
(b) small bones – finger
(c) Irregular bones – vertebal column
(d) Long bones – legs, arms

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 16 The Universe Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 16 The Universe

Class 6 Science Chapter 16 The Universe Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Name these.

Question a.
Birthplace of stars.
Answer:
Nebulae

Question b.
The biggest planet in the Solar System.
Answer:
Jupiter

Question c.
The galaxy which is our neighbour.
Answer:
Andromeda

Question d.
The brightest planet in the solar system.
Answer:
Venus

Question e.
Planet with the largest number of satellites.
Answer:
Jupiter

Question f.
Planet without a single satellite.
Answer:
Venus and Mercury

Question g.
Planet with a rotation different from other planets.
Answer:
Venus

Question h.
A celestial body that carries a tail along.
Answer:
Comet

2. Fill in the blanks.

Question a.
The group of galaxies of which our Milky Way is a part is called ………….. .
Answer:
Local group

Question b.
Comets are made of ………… .
Answer:
ice and dust particles

Question c.
The planet ……………… appears as if it is rolling along its orbit.
Answer:
Uranus

Question d.
…………….. is a stormy planet.
Answer:
Jupiter

Question e.
The pole star is the best example of a ………………. type of star.
Answer:
variable

3. Say if the statements given below are right or wrong. Rewrite the statements after correcting them.

Question a.
Venus is the planet closest to the sun.
Answer:
Wrong: Mercury is the planet closest to the sun.

Question b.
Mercury is called a stormy planet.
Answer:
Wrong: Jupiter is called a stormy planet.

Question c.
Jupiter is the biggest planet.
Answer:
Right

4. Answer the following.

Question a.
What is a special characteristic of the planet Mars?
Answer:
The highest and the longest mountain in the solar system ‘Olympus Mons’ is located on Mars.

Question b.
What are the type of galaxies?
Answer:
The different types of galaxies identified according to their shapes are spiral, elliptical, barred spiral, irregular.

Question c.
Which celestial bodies does a galaxy include?
Answer:
Galaxy includes stars, their planetary system, cluster of stars, nebulae, clouds of gases, clouds of dust, dead stars, newly bom stars etc.

Question d.
Name the different types of stars.
Answer:
The different types of stars are

1. Sun-like stars e.g. stars like Sirius, Alpha Centauri
2. Red Giants Stars
3. Super Nova
4. Binary or Twin Stars
5. Variable Stars e.g. Polaris (pole star)

Question e.
What are the types of comets and on what basis are they classified?
Answer:

1.  Comets are of two types: Long-period comets and short-period comets.
2. Classification of comets is based on the time (period) taken by the comets to complete one revolution around the sun.

Question f.
What is the difference between meteors and meteorites?
Answer:

1. Meteors are rocky pieces originating from the asteroid belt. Smaller rocky pieces get completely burnt due to friction with air after they enter the earth’s atmosphere.
2. Meteors which do not bum completely and fall to the surface of the earth are called meteorites.

Question g.
What are the characteristics of the planet Neptune?
Answer:
Neptune is the eighth planet in the solar system. A season on Neptune lasts for about 41 years. On this planet winds blow with extremely high speed.

5. Match the following.

Question a.

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Galaxy	(a) From east to west
2. Comet	(b) 33 satellites
3. Sun-like star	(c) Spiral
4. Saturn	(d) Sirius
5. Venus	(e) Halley

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Galaxy	(c) Spiral
2. Comet	(e) Halley
3. Sun-like star	(d) Sirius
4. Saturn	(b) 33 satellites
5. Venus	(a) From east to west

Activity:

Question 1.
Using the material you can find in your house, prepare a model of the solar system.

Question 2.
Collect information about different aspects of each planet such as its distance from the sun, its diameter, its volume, etc. and present it in a science exhibition.

Class 6 Science Chapter 16 The Universe Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
The Milky Way is known as ………….. .
Answer:
Mandakini

Question 2.
The ………….. is a galaxy in which our solar system is located.
Answer:
Milky Way

Question 3.
The galaxy that is closest to our Milky Way is ………….. .
Answer:
Andromeda

Question 4.
The universe includes innumerable galaxies, the space between them and also ………….. .
Answer:
energy

Question 5.
The Milky Way is a part of the ………….. of galaxies.
Answer:
Local group

Question 6.
Generally, the surface temperature of stars ranges from 3500° C to ………….. .
Answer:
50000°C

Question 7.
The colour of stars changes according to their ………….. .
Answer:
temperature

Question 8.
Red giants stars are ………….. in colour.
Answer:
red

Question 9.
Super Nova stars are ………….. and ………….. than the red giant stars.
Answer:
brighter, larger

Question 10.
More than ………….. of the stars in the sky are ………….. stars.
Answer:
half, binary

Question 11.
The ………….. and ………….. of variable stars is not stable.
Answer:
luminance, shape

Question 12.
When a star contracts, its surface temperature ………….. and the star emits ………….. energy and appears ………….. .
Answer:
increases, greater, brighter

Question 13.
The sun which is at the centre of the solar system is a ………….. coloured star.
Answer:
yellow

Question 14.
The diameter of the sun is approximately ………….. km.
Answer:
13, 92, 000

Question 15.
………….. is the fastest moving planet.
Answer:
Mercury

Question 16.
………….. is the brightest planet in the solar system.
Answer:
Venus

Question 17.
………….. is the hottest planet.
Answer:
Venus

Question 18.
As the earth is a ………….. there is a magnetic field around the earth.
Answer:
magnet

Question 19.
Mars is also called the ………….. .
Answer:
Red planet

Question 20.
As the soil on Mars contains ………….. its colour is reddish.
Answer:
iron

Question 21.
………….. planets of the size of the earth can get accommodated on Jupiter.
Answer:
1397

Question 22.
Jupiter is called as ………….. .
Answer:
The stormy planet

Question 23.
Saturn mass is ………….. times that of the earth.
Answer:
95

Question 24.
………….. cannot be seen without a telescope.
Answer:
Uranus

Question 25.
Winds blow with extremely high speed on ………….. .
Answer:
Neptune

Question 26.
………….. is the satellite of the earth.
Answer:
The moon

Question 27.
The moon’s period of ………….. and ………….. are both of 27.3 days.
Answer:
rotation, revolution

Question 28.
………….. is classified as a dwarf planet.
Answer:
Pluto

Question 29.
Pluto takes ………….. years to complete its revolution around the sun.
Answer:
248

Question 30.
………….. are formed out of ice and dust particles.
Answer:
Comets

Question 31.
………….. lake in Maharashtra has been formed by the impact of such a meteorite.
Answer:
Lonar

Can you tell?

Question 1.
Which celestial bodies form the solar system?
Answer:
Sun, the eight planets – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, their satellites, Dwarf planets, asteroids, meteors and comets all together form our solar system.

Question 2.
What is the difference between stars and planets?
Answer:

Stars	Planets
1. Stars are the celestial bodies which can emit heat and light continuously.	1. The celestial bodies which revolve around the sun in certain orbit are called planets.
2. Stars twinkle in the sky.	2. Planets do not twinkle in the sky.
3. They have their own light.	3. They do not have their own light.
4. They are fixed at a point.	4. They revolve around the sun.
5. They are very big in size.	5. Planets are small as compared to

Question 3.
How many planets are there in our solar system?
Answer:
There are 8 planets in our solar system.

Question 4.
What is to be found between Mars and Jupiter?
Answer:
A belt of celestial bodies called as asteriods is found between the planets Mars and Jupiter.

Question 5.
Have you ever seen in the evening or in the pre-dawn hours a large celestial body with a long tail? What is it called?
Answer:
Yes, it is a comet – a large celestial body with a long tail. I have not seen it, but heard that in 1986 there was a Halley’s comet seen in the Indian sky.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Why do we see only one side of the moon?
Answer:
As the moon revolves around the earth it also rotates around itself. The moon takes 27.3 days to complete one revolution around the earth. It takes the moon the same time to complete one rotation around itself. Therefore, only one side of moon is visible.

Question 2.
Which planet has a day longer than its year?
Answer:
A planet’s day is how long it takes to complete one rotation on its own axis. Venus takes 243 earth days to complete one rotation because of its slow rotation around its axis. A year is the time taken by the planet to complete one revolution around the sun. Venus completes one revolution around the sun in 225 days. This makes a day longer than a year on Venus.

Answer in one sentence.

Question 1.
What is the Milky Way?
Answer:
Milky way is the galaxy in which our solar system is located.

Question 2.
What is a galaxy?
Answer:
A group of innumerable stars and their planetary systems are together known as galaxy.

Question 3.
What does the Universe include?
Answer:
The universe includes innumerable galaxies, the space between them and also energy.

Question 4.
What different colours do the stars radiate?
Answer:
The stars radiate different colours such as blue, white, yellow and red.

Question 5.
Where are stars bom?
Answer:
The birth place of stars are the huge nebulae, made of dust particles and gases.

Question 6.
What is the surface temperature of the sun?
Answer:
The surface temperature of the Sim is around 6,000°C.

Question 7.
What is the size of the sun?
Answer:
The size of the sun is so huge that around 13 lakh planets of the size of the earth can be easily placed within it.

Question 8.
How does the sun balance the other celestial bodies?
Answer:
Due to the gravitational force of the sun, the celestial bodies in the solar system revolve around it.

Question 9.
How does the sun move in the Milky Way?
Answer:
The sun rotates around its axis and while doing so, it revolves around the centre of the Milky Way taking the solar system along with it.

Question 10.
Which planet doesn’t have atmosphere?
Answer:
Mercury doesn’t have atmosphere.

Question 11.
How much time does the earth take to complete one rotation and one revolution?
Answer:
The earth completes one rotation in 24 hrs and one revolution in 365 days i.e. 1 year.

Question 12.
Which planets have rings around them?
Answer:
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune have rings around them.

Question 13.
Which planet do not have rings around them?
Answer:
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars do not have rings around them.

Question 14.
State two properties of planet Mercury.
Answer:
Mercury is the closet planet to the Sim. Mercury is the fastest moving planet.

Question 15.
When is the Mercury visible to us?
Answer:
Mercury is visible in the morning and in the evening if it is away from the sun.

Question 16.
What is seen on the surface of the mercury?
Answer:
A number of depressions which are actually caused by meteoric falls are seen on the surface of mercury.

Question 17.
When is Venus seen in the sky?
Answer:
Venus is seen in the sky in the east before the sunrise and in the west after the sunset. It rotates around itself from east to west.

Question 18.
How does earth protect us from harmful rays of Sun?
Answer:
As the earth is a magnet there is a magnetic field around the earth. It diverts the harmful rays from the sun towards the polar regions of the earth.

Question 19.
What is Olympus Mons?
Answer:
Olympus Mons is the highest and longest mountain in the solar system located on Mars.

Question 20.
Which is the largest planet of the solar system?
Answer:
The Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar system.

Question 21.
Why is Saturn considered a peculiar planet?
Answer:
Saturn considered a peculiar planet because of the rings around it.

Question 22.
How is the axis of Uranus?
Answer:
Uranus axis is so greatly inclined that it appears as if it is rolling along on its axis.

Question 23.
How are seasons on Neptune?
Answer:
The seasons on Neptune last for about 41 years.

Question 24.
What is a satellite?
Answer:
The celestial bodies that revolve around a planet , without independently revolving around the sun are called Satellite.

Question 25.
What is an Asteroid?
Answer:
A great number of small sized bodies could not turn into planets when the solar system was formed, but continued to revolve around the sun. This bodies are known as asteroids.

Question 26.
What is a Dwarf Planet?
Answer:
A small sized celestial body that revolves independently around the sun is called the dwarf planet.

Question 27.
What is a comet?
Answer:
A comet is a celestial body that revolves around sun. Comets are formed out of ice and dust particles.

Question 28.
What are meteors?
Answer:
Meteors are rocky pieces originating from the asteroids belt.

Question 29.
What are meteorites?
Answer:
Meteors which do not bum completely and fall to the surface of the earth are called meteorites.

Give reasons for the following.

Question 1.
Comets came to be called ‘dirty snowballs’.
Answer:
Comets consist of an icy cluster of various constituents like dust particles. Hence it is called dirty snowballs.

Question 2.
Comets are visible when they are close.
Answer:
Comets are formed out of ice and dust particles. They appear like points when they are far away from the sun, but when they are close to the sun they become easily visible to us because of the shorter distance and the heat of the sun.

Question 3.
Comets appear to have a long feathery tail.
Answer:
Comets are made up of frozen matter and dust particles. When they are close to the sun this frozen matter gets converted into gas due to the solar heat. These gases get thrown in a direction away from the sun. As a result comets appear to have a long feathery tail.

Question 4.
Pluto is called as a dwarf planet.
Answer:
Pluto is a small sized celestial body that revolves independently around the sun.

Question 5.
Moon is a satellite of the earth.
Answer:
Moon revolves around the earth without independently revolving around the sun. Hence moon is a satellite of the earth.

Question 6.
Mars is called the Red Planet.
Answer:
As the soil on the Mars contains iron its colour is reddish. Hence Mars is also called the RedPlanet.

Question 7.
Jupiter is called the Stormy Planet.
Answer:
Jupiter revolves around itself with a great speed. Hence Jupiter is called the Stormy planet.

Question 8.
Uranus appears rolling along on its orbit.
Answer:
Uranus axis is so greatly inclined that it , appears as if it is rolling along on its orbit.

Question 9.
Saturn is considered to be a peculiar planet.
Answer:

1. Saturn is considered as peculiar planet because of its rings around it.
2. Though its mass is 95 times that of the earth, its density is very low.
3. If it were dropped into a large sea enough to hold it, it would float in it.