Class 7

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Maths Solutions covers the 7th Std Maths Practice Set 33 Answers Solutions Chapter 8 Algebraic Expressions and Operations on them.

Algebraic Expressions and Operations on them Class 7 Practice Set 33 Answers Solutions Chapter 8

Question 1.
Add:
i. 9p + 16q; 13p + 2q
ii. 2a + 6b + 8c; 16a + 13c + 18b
iii. 13x² – 12y²; 6x² – 8y²
iv. 17a²b² + 16c; 28c – 28a²b²
v. 3y² – 10y + 16; 2y – 7
vi. – 3y² + 10y – 16; 7y² + 8
Solution:
i. (9p + 16q) + (13p + 2q)
= (9p + 13p) + (16q + 2q)
= 22p + 18q

ii. (2a + 6b + 8c) + (16a + 13c + 18b)
= (2a + 16a) + (6b + 18b) + (8c + 13c)
= 18a + 24b + 21c

iii. (13x² – 12y²) + (6x² – 8y²)
= (13x² + 6x²) + [(-12y²) + (-8y²)]
= 19x² + (-20y²)
= 19x² – 20y²

iv. (17a²b² + 16c) + (28c – 28a²b²)
= [17a²b² + (-28a²b²)] + (16c + 28c)
= -11a²b² + 44c

v. (3y² – 10y + 16) + (2y – 7)
= 3y² + (-10y + 2y) + (16 – 7)
= 3y² – 8y + 9

vi. (-3y² + 10y – 16) + (7y² + 8)
= (-3y² + 7y²) + (10y) + (-16 + 8)
= 4y² + 10y – 8

Maharashtra Board Class 7 Maths Chapter 8 Algebraic Expressions and Operations on them Practice Set 33 Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1.
Answer the following questions. (Textbook pg. no. 57)

1. 3x + 4y = How many?
2. 3 guavas + 4 mangoes = 7 guavas.
3. 7m – 2n = 5m.

Solution:

1. 3x and 4y are unlike terms. Hence, they cannot be added, further to get a single term.
2. No. Guava and mango are different fruits. Hence, 3 guavas + 4 mangoes & 7 guavas.
3. No. 7m and 2n are unlike terms. Hence, 7m – 2n ≠ 5m.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 10 The Expansion of the Maratha Power Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 10 The Expansion of the Maratha Power

Class 7 History Chapter 10 The Expansion of the Maratha Power Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write the meaning:

The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Question Answer  Question 1.
Chauthai.
Answer:
One fourth part of the revenue

The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Question 2.
Sardeshmukhi.
Answer:
One tenth part of the revenue

2. Write the answer in one word:

Class 7 History Chapter 10 The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Question 1.
Balaji was from this town in Konkan.
Answer:
Shrivardhan

The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Class 7 Question 2.
He ruled Bundelkhand.
Answer:
King Chhatrasal

10 The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Question 3.
Bajirao died at this place.
Answer:
Raverkhedi

The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Answer Question 4.
He defeated the Portuguese.
Answer:
Chimajiappa

3. Write about them in your own words:

10. The Expansion Of The Maratha Power Question 1.
KanhojiAngre
Answer:

• Kanhoji Angre was the chief of the Maratha Navy.
• He choose Maharani Tarabai’s side.
• He attacked areas which belong to Shahu Maharaj.
• Shahu Maharaj appointed Balaji as Peshwa.
• Balaji was sent against Kanhoji.
• Balaji diplomatically turned Kanhoji towards Shahu Maharaj’s side.

Question 2.
The Battle of Palkhed
Answer:

• Mughal Emperor Farukhsear appointed Nijam-ul-Mulk as the Subhedar of Deccan.
• The Emperor gave Marathas the right to collect chauthai, Sardeshmukhi from the Mughals.
• The Nizam was against it.
• Bajirao decided to attack the Nizam and he defeated Nizam at Palkhed near Aurangabad.

Question 3.
Balaji Vishwanath:
Answer:

• Balaji Vishwanath was a prominent Maratha Sardar.
• He hailed from Shrivardhan, a town in Konkan.
• He was industrious and experienced.
• He convinced many Sardars to join hands with Shahu Maharaj.
• Kanhoji Angre, the chief of the Maratha Navy was against Shahu Maharaj and sided with Maharani Tarabai.
• He was sent against Kanhoji.
• Balaji avoided the war and diplomatically turned Kanhoji towards Shahu Maharaj’s side.

Question 4.
Bajirao I
Answer:
(i) After the death of Balaji Vishwanath, Shahu Maharaj made Bajirao I Peshwa in CE1720.

(ii) He expanded the Maratha Empire during his tenure of 20 years.

(iii) Nizam, the Subhedar of Deccan did not allow the Marathas the right to collect chauthai and sardeshmukhi.

(iv) Bajirao attacked Nizam and defeated him at Palkhed near Aurangabad.

(v) Under the leadership of his brother Chimajiappa. Bajirao sent Malharrao Holkar,: Ranoji Shinde and Udaji Pawar to strengthen the position of the Marathas in Malwa.

(vi) Mughal Subhedar Mohammad Khan Bangush attacked on Bundelkhand. The king of Bundelkhand, Chhatrasal requested Bajirao to help him.

(vii) Bajirao defeated Bangush. The King Chhatrasal honoured Bajirao on large scale.

4. Give reasons:

Question 1.
Two separate Maratha States were formed.
Answer:
(i) There was a battle between Shahu Maharaj and Maharani Tarabai for the throne/gadi.

(ii) Shahu Maharaj won the battle and captured Satara.

(iii) He got himself crowned and Satara became the capital of the Maratha kingdom.

(iv) In 1710, Maharani Tarabai declared her minor son Shivaji II as Chhatrapati at Panhalgad. Since then, a separate state of Kolhapur apart from Satara state came into existence in the Maratha Empire.

Question 2.
Azamshah released Chattrapati Shahu Maharaj from his custody.
Answer:
(i) Azamshah thought that if he released Shahu Maharaj from his custody, then there will be a fight between Maharani Tarabai and Shahu Maharaj for the throne of Chhatrapati.

(ii) The Maratha power will become weak and therefore Azamshah released Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj from his custody.

Question 3.
Delhi Darbar needed the help of the Marathas.
Answer:
(i) The Mughal Empire was threatened by the north-west Irani and Afgani attacks.

(ii) Local kings like Pathans, Rajputs, Jats and Rohilas also posed a threat for them.

(iii) The internal competition and tussle in die court also weakened the Mughal powers. Hence, Delhi Darbar needed the help Marathas.

Activity:

Get a biography of Maharani Tarabai and present an inspiring event in her life.

Class 7 History Chapter 10 The Expansion of the Maratha Power Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate word from the options given below:

Question 1.
Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj had got himself crowned at _______.(Pune, Satara, Malwa)
Answer:
Satara

Question 2.
At the time of Aurangzeb’s death, Shahajada _______ was in the south. (Azamshah, Aurangzeb, Farukhsear)
Answer:
Azamshah

Question 3.
Maharani Tarabai declared her minor son as Chhatrapati _______ at Panhala. (Shivaji II, Savai, Madhavrao)
Answer:
Shivaji II

Question 4.
_______ became the Subhedar of the Deccan. (Nijam-ul-Mulk, Farukhsear, Madhavrao)
Answer:
Nijam-ul-Mulk

Question 5.
Bajirao sent his brother ________ to subdue the Portuguese. (Chimajiappa, Malharrao Holkar, Ranoji Shinde)
Answer:
Chimajiappa

Question 6.
Bajirao defeated _________ of Bundelkhand. (Bangush, Nadir Shah, Farukhsear)
Answer:
Bangush

Question 7.
When Kanhoji Angre attacked Shahu Maharaj, he sent ______ against Kanhoji Angre. (Balaji Vishwanath, Bajirao, Shahu Maharaj)
Answer:
Balaji Vishwanath

Question 8.
After the death of Balaji Vishwanath, Shahu Maharaj made ________ as the Peshwa. (Chimajiappa, Bajirao I, Udaji Pawar)
Answer:
Bajirao I

Question 9.
Iran’s Emperor ___________ attack on India. (Nadirshah, Abdulla (Hassan), Hussein Ali)
Answer:
Nadirshah

Question 10.
After the death of Aurangzeb ________ and ______ dominated the Mughal Court.(Abdulla (Hasan), Hussein Ali, Nijam-Ul-Mulk)
Answer:
Abdulla (Hasan) and Hussein Ali

Question 11.
After the death of Emperor Aurangzeb the fight for __________ started between his sons. (Delhi’s throne, Chauthai-Sardeshmukhi, Subhedar of Deccan)
Answer:
Delhi’s throne

Question 12.
Prince Shahu was in the custody of _________ (Maharani Tarabai, Azamshah, Bahadur Shah)
Answer:
Azamshah

Question 13.
_______ became the capital of Maratha kingdom. (Satara, Kolhapur, Pune)
Answer:
Satara

Question 14.
__________was the chief of the Maratha Navy. (Balaji, Vishwanath, Kanhoji Angre, Bajirao I)
Answer:
Kanhoji Angre

Question 15.
Bajirao took his last breath at _______ (Raverkhedi, Bhopal, Palkhed)
Answer:
Raverkhedi

Question 16.
________ established the Maratha domination in North India by his bravery.
(Chimajiappa, Bajirao, King Chhatrasal)
Answer:
Bajirao

Match the following:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Shahu Maharaj (2)Shivaji II (3) Nijam-ul-Mulk (4) Nadir Shah	(a)  Iran’s Emperor (b)  Satara (c) Panhalgad (d)  Subhedar of Deccan

Answer:
1 – b
2 – c
3 – a
4 – d

Question 2.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) King Chhatrasal (2)The Battle of Bhopal (3) Chauthai (4) Sardeshmukhi	(a)     One fourth part of the income (b)     Bundelkhand (c)     Bajirao (d)     One tenth part of the income.

Answer:
1 – b
2 – d
3 – a
4 – c

Explain the meanings of:

Question 1.
Subhedar.
Answer:
Historical rank in the army

Question 2.
Sanad.
Answer:
Authority

Write the answer in one word:

Question 1.
These places were under Portuguese rule.
Answer:
Vasai and Thane

Question 2.
The Emperor of Iran who invaded India.
Answer:
Nadir Shah

Question 3.
He was the chief of the Maratha Navy.
Answer:
KanhojiAngre

Question 4.
He was a great warrior.
Answer:
Bajirao

Question 5.
He was the first Peshwa.
Answer:
Balaji Vishwanath

Question 6.
The second Peshwa.
Answer:
Bajirao

Question 7.
Aurangzeb’s son.
Answer:
Shahajada Azamshah

Question 8.
Tarabai proclaimed her younger son as.
Answer:
Chhatrapati Shivaji II

Answer the following in one sentences:

Question 1.
Who was in the custody of Azamshah?
Answer:
Prince Shahu was in the custody of Azamshah.

Question 2.
What was the new political policy of Marathas?
Answer:
The new political policy of the Marathas was to protect and expand their own Empire instead of fighting with Mughal powers.

Question 3.
What had weakened the Mughal powers?
Answer:
The threat from local kings, internal competition and tussle in the court weakened the Mughal powers.

Question 4.
Who was Kanhoji Angre?
Answer:
Kanhoji Angre was the Chief of the Maratha Navy.

Question 5.
With whose help did Balaji receive the authority to recover Chauthai and Sardeshmukhi?
Answer:
With the help of Sayyid brothers, Abdulla (Hassan) and Hussein Ali, Balaji received the authority to recover Chauthai and Sardeshmukhi.

Question 6.
Whom did Bajirao send to Malwa to strengthen the position of the Marathas?
Answer:
Bajirao sent Malharrao Holkar, Ranoji Shinde and Udaji Pawar under the leadership of his x brother Chimajiappa to Malwa to strengthen the position of Marathas.

Question 7.
Whose help did King Chhatrasal seek to protect his kingdom Bundelkhand.
Answer:
The King Chhatrasal requested Bajirao to protect his kingdom Bundelkhand.

Question 8.
Which parts from Konkan coastal area were under Portuguese rule?
Answer:
Vasai and Thane from Konkan coastal area were under Portuguese rule.

Question 9.
Whom did Bajirao send to defeat Portuguese? ‘
Answer:
Bajirao sent his brother Chimajiappa to defeat the Portuguese.

Question 10.
What rights did Balaji get from the Mughal Emperor?
Answer:
Balaji got from the Mughal Emperor the sanads to collect Chauthai and Sardeshmukhi

Question 11.
Why did Chhatrasal ask Balaji for help?
Answer:
Mohammad Khan Bangush, the Mughal Subhedar of Allahabad attacked Bundelkhand and defeated Chhatrasal. So, Chhatrasal asked Balaji for help.

Question 12.
Where did Bajirao defeat the Nizam?
Answer:
Bajirao defeated the Nizam at Palkhed near Aurangabad.

Question 13.
What were the great qualities of Bajirao?
Answer:
Bajirao was a great warrior, a powerful ruler who established the Maratha dominance in North.

Write notes on the following:

Question 1.
The Battle of Bhopal
Answer:

• The emperor became restless due to Bajirao’s attack.
• He called the Nizam to protect Delhi.
• The Nizam attacked Bajirao with his large army.
• Bajirao defeated him at Bhopal.
• The Nizam agreed to secure the sanad of Malwa subhedari to Marathas from the Badshah.

Give explanations for the following:

Question 1.
Portuguese.
Answer:

• Vasai and Thane from Konkan coastal area were under Portuguese rule.
• Portuguese rulers used to exploit people.

Question 2.
King Chhatrasal requested Bajirao for help.
Answer:

• King Chhatrasal established his own kingdom in Bundelkhand.
• Mughal Subhedar Mohammad Khari Bangush attacked Bundelkhand and defeated king Chhatrasal.
• Hence, King Chhatrasal requested Bajirao for help.

Question 3.
Shahu Maharaj knew the integrities of the Mughals.
Answer:

• The early part of Shahu Maharaj’s life was spent in Mughal camps.
• He has seen Mughal politics from close quarters.
• He was aware of the strong and weak points of the Mughal empire very well.
• He also knew some influential people in Mughal Darbar.
• All these factors helped him in the changing circumstances to decide the new direction for Maratha politics.

Answer the following in short:

Question 1.
How did Balaji Vishwanath turned Kanhoji towards the side of Shahu Maharaj?
Answer:

• Kanhoji Angre was the chief of the Maratha Navy.
• He chose Maharani Tarabai’s side.
• He attacked areas which belonged to Shahu Maharaj.
• Shahu Maharaj sent Balaji Vishwanath against Kanhoji.
• Balaji avoided the war and won Kanhoji towards the side of Shahu Maharaj.

Question 2.
Why did Bajirao decide to attack Delhi?
Answer:

• The Marathas established their supremacy in Malwa and Bundelkhand.
• Bajirao demanded Malwa Subhedari from the Badshah (Emperor).
• The Emperor rejected his demand Hence Bajirao decided to attack Delhi.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 From a Railway Carriage Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 From a Railway Carriage

Class 7 English Chapter 2.1 From a Railway Carriage Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the poem aloud with proper rhythm. What does the rhythm remind you of?

From A Railway Carriage Exercises Class 7 Question 1.
Read the poem aloud with proper rhythm. What does the rhythm remind you of?

2. Find pairs of rhyming words from the poem.

From A Railway Carriage Questions And Answers For Class 7 Question 1.
Find pairs of rhyming words from the poem.
Answer:
witches – ditches, battle – cattle, plain – rain – again, eye – by, scrambles – brambles, gazes – daisies, road – load, river – ever.

3. Write the following: 

2.1 From A Railway Carriage Question Answer Question 1.
The sights seen through a railway carriage mentioned in the first stanza.
Answer:
The sights seen through a railway carriage mentioned in the first stanza are bridges, houses, hedges, ditches, horses and cattle in the meadows.

2.1 From A Railway Carriage Question 2.
The sights mentioned in the second stanza.
Answer:
The sights seen in the second stanza are hills, plains and painted stations.

From A Railway Carriage Poem Question 3.
The sights mentioned in the third stanza.
Answer:
The sights mentioned in the third stanza are a child clambering and scrambling to gather brambles, a tramp gazing at the train in wonder and green creepers for stringing the daisies.

4. Think and answer:

From A Railway Carriage Questions And Answers For Class 7 Question 1.
Why are the sights said to ‘fly’?
Answer:
The sights are said to ‘fly’ because the poet is sitting in a fast-moving train and all the beautiful scenes he gets to see as glimpses just rush past him and disappear because of the speed of the train.

From A Railway Carriage Question Answer Question 2.
Does the last line make you happy or sad? Why?
Answer:
The last line ‘and gone forever’ makes me feel sad because all the pleasure and happiness got from enjoying the beauty of nature comes to an end and disappears forever as the railway carriage speeds ahead.

5. List the lines that begin with ‘Here’ or ‘And here’.
Also list the sentences or phrases that begin with ‘And there’.
These phrases and sentences tell us about things that appear one after the other as the carriage moves. Can we tell which ones are closer to the train and which ones are at a distance? How?

From A Railway Carriage Questions And Answers Question 1.
List the lines that begin with ‘Here’ or ‘And there’.
Also list the sentences or phrases that begin with ‘And there’.
Answer:
The lines that begin with ‘Here’ or ‘And here’. ‘Here’ is an adverb which suggests ‘closeness’ of an object.

1. Here is a child.
2. Here is a tramp.
3. Here is a cart.
4. Here is a mill.

The above phrases show closeness to the train. ‘There’ is an adverb which suggests ‘distance’ of an object.

• And there is the green.
• And there is a river.

The above phrases show distance from the train.

6. Read the following:

From A Railway Carriage Exercises Question 1.
Read the following:
Charging along like troops in a battle
Fly as thick as driving rain
Using your imagination, write one or two comparisons each with:
i. like…, ii. as… as
Answer:
i. like…

1. This house looks like a castle.
2. Her cheeks are red like a rose.
3. He runs like a horse.
4. The child chattered like a magpie.

ii. as… as

1. He is as smart as a fox.
2. He is as big as an elephant.
3. He is as funny as a monkey.
4. Our soldiers are as brave as lions.

7. Write about the sights you may see from a bus or an aeroplane.
You may write it in the form of a short poem.

From A Railway Carriage Question And Answer Question 1.
Write the sights you may see from a bus or an aeroplane.
Answer:
The Red Bus
I’m out sightseeing in the red bus
With people around making a lot of fuss
I know I’m going to see wonderful sights
That’ll soar me to the heights
The greenery
The scenery
Oh! The wonderful luxury
Of travelling in the red, red bus.

Class 7 English Chapter 2.1 From a Railway Carriage Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

From A Railway Carriage Questions And Answers For Class 7 Question 1.
What is the speed of the railway carriage compared to?
Answer:
The speed of the railway carriage is compared to the speed of fairies and witches.

From A Railway Carriage Poem In English Question 2.
Why is the child clambering and scrambling?
Answer:
The child is clambering and scrambling to collect brambles.

From A Railway Carriage Question 3.
What does the rhythm of the poem remind you of?
Answer:
The rhythm of the poem reminds me of the rhythm of the train.

From A Railway Carriage Exercises Class 7 Question 4.
Have you travelled during a rainy day? What was your experience?
Answer:
Yes, I have travelled during the rainy season. Travelling on a rainy day is an awesome experience. You actually come in contact with nature’s beauty. The smell of the wet earth, the greenery, the colourful flowers, the waterfalls, etc. We get to see nature at its best.

Reading Skills and Poetic Device

Read the following extract and do the activities.

From A Railway Carriage Answers Class 7 Simple Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Complete the web diagram with words from the extract.
Answer:

Question
What flies as thick as driving rain?
(Choose the right alternative)
i. Bridges and houses.
ii. Hill and plain.
iii. Hedges and ditches.
Answer:
ii. Hill and plain.

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
How do the sights of the hills and plains move?
Answer:
The sights of the hills and plains move as thick as driving rain.

Question 2.
What does the poet see the child doing?
Answer:
The poet sees the child clambering and scrambling and gathering brambles all by himself.

Question 3.
To what is the charging train compared?
Answer:
The charging train is compared to troops in a battle.

Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Pick out two pairs of rhyming words from the 1st stanza.
Answer:
witches – ditches, battle – cattle.

Question 2.
Name the figure of speech for the following line.
“Faster than fairies, faster than witches”
Answer:

• Repetition: The word ‘faster’ is repeated for poetic effect, or
• Antithesis: The opposite words ‘fairies’ and ‘witches’ are used in the same line for better poetic effect.

Question 3.
Pick out a word from the extract which means ‘a woman having evil magical powers’.
Answer:
Witch.

From a Railway Carriage Summary in English

‘From a Railway Carriage’ written by R. L. Stevenson describes the scenes he sees through the window of a fast moving train. He is so amazed at the speed of the train and tries to grasp every glimpse he sees because they are out of sight the very next moment. The train moves with such great speed that everything he sees seems to be moving.

Introduction:

‘From a Railway Carriage’ written by Robert Louis Stevenson is a poem in which he shares his experience of a railway journey with us.

Glossary:

1. fairy (n) – a small imaginary being of the human form that has magical powers, especially good ones
2. witch (n) – a woman thought to have magical powers especially evil ones
3. hedge (n) – a fence or boundary formed by closely growing bushes or shrubs
4. ditch (n) – a narrow channel dug at the side of a road or field, to hold or carry away water
5. meadow (n) – a piece of grassland, especially one used for hay
6. clamber (v) – climb or move in an awkward and laborious way, using both hands and feet
7. scramble (v) – make one’s way quickly over rough ground by using one’s hands as well as feet
8. tramp (n) – a person who travels from one place to another on foot in search of work, a homeless person
9. lumping (v) – carry a heavy load somewhere with difficulty
10. glimpse (n) – quick look, (v) – to catch sight of briefly
11. bramble (v) – any rough, wild tangled prickly shrub, specifically the blackberry bush
12. carriage (n) – a passenger train
13. cart (n) – a horse-drawn vehicle with four wheels, used for transportation
14. cattle (n) – domesticated animals like cow and bull
15. gaze (v) – to look at something for a long time
16. mill (n) – a building with a machine to grind grain into flour
17. plain (n) – flat land having trees and grass
18. sights (n)- things that one sees
19. stringing (v) – with strings
20. troop (n) – a group of soldiers
21. meadow (n) – a field with grass and often wildflowers in it.
22. daisy (n) – a small flower with white petals and a yellow centre, which often grows in the grass.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 1 Sources of History Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 1 Sources of History

Class 7 History Chapter 1 Sources of History Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Complete the names of the following sources of history:

Class 7 History Chapter 1 Sources Of History Questions And Answers Question 1.
l _ _ _ _ d
Answer:
legend

Sources Of History Class 7 Question 2.
t _ _ _ _ h
Answer:
tarikh

Class 9 History Chapter 1 Sources Of History Questions And Answers Question 3.
b _ _ _ _ r
Answer:
bakhar

Sources Of History Class 7 Question Answer Question 4.
p _ _ _ _a
Answer:
Powada

Maharashtra Board Class 7 History Solutions Question 5.
i _ _ _ _ i _ _ i _ n
Answer:
inscription

Class 7 History Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Question 6.
m _ _ u _ _ _ t
Answer:
monument

2. Let’s write:

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions  Question 1.
What do monuments include?
Answer:
Monuments include samadhis, graves and veergalas and buildings.

Class 8 History Chapter 1 Sources Of History Questions And Answers Question 2.
What is a Tarikh?
Answer:
Tarikh or Tavarikh means the sequence of events.

Sources Of History Question And Answer  Question 3.
What qualities of the author are important in the writing of history?
Answer:
The author’s integrity, impartiality and neutrality are very important in writing history.

3. Find the odd man out:

Bakhar Is A Source Of History  Question 1.
Material sources, written sources, unwritten sources, oral sources.
Answer:
unwritten sources

Chapter 1 Class 7 History Question 2.
Monuments, coins, cave sculptures, stories.
Answer:
stories

Class 7 History Chapter Question 3.
Bhurjapatra, temples, treatises, paintings.
Answer:
temples

Question 4.
Owis, tarikhs, folk tales, myths.
Answer:
tarikhs

4. Explain the following concepts:

Question 1.
Material sources
Answer:
Those authentic material evidences or proofs of the ancient period which support our study of historical events are called material sources of history, e.g. memorials, buildings, cave sculptures, inscription, coins, copper, plates, forts, etc.

Question 2.
Written sources
Answer:
Those authentic evidences or proof of the ancient period which are in written form are called written sources of history, e.g. Documents of proceedings in Courts of kings, genealogies, Shakavali, correspondence, dispatches, treatises, biographies, travelogues, chronicles, Tavarikh, etc.

Question 3.
Oral sources
Answer:
We understand various aspects of folk life through folk literature traditionally passed from generation to generation and they are known as oral sources of history, e.g. Myths, Folk songs, Gatha, Shlokas, Abhangas, Powadas Proverbs, Legends, etc.

5. Is it necessary to evaluate sources of history ? Give your opinion.
Answer:
(i) Yes, it is necessary to evaluate the sources of history.
(ii) Just because a source is old does not mean it is reliable or true. We should examine their authenticity and see which sources are genuine and which are fake.
(iii) We must evaluate its quality with the help of different methods and through critical analysis.
(iv) It is necessary to determine the integrity, impartiality and neutrality of the authors by knowing their personal interests, the period during which they lived and political pressures on them.

6. Write why in your words:

Question 1.
A stone inscription is considered to be an authentic source of history.
Answer:
A stone inscription, i.e. a carving on the stone is a very authentic source of history as it throws light on different features of the ancient time like the language of communication which existed, script used and the social, political and economic life of a period, etc.

Question 2.
Oral sources reveal various aspects of people’s lives.
Answer:
(i) Various aspects of folk life through folk literature passed on to us by our ancestors.
(ii) They are pearls of wisdom and they hold a wealth of knowledge about the past.
(iii) It throws light on the rich cultural life of the past and different art forms which were practised in those times.

Activity:

Visit any museum that is nearby. Gather information about the sources of history from the period that you are studying and record it in your activity book.

Class 7 History Chapter 1 Sources of History InText Questions and Answers

Formative Evaluation

Can you tell?

Question 1.
How do coins narrate history?
Answer:
(i) The coins made by different rulers using metals like gold, silver, copper are important sources of history.
(ii) From these coins we learn about the rulers, the period they ruled in, governance, religious ideas, personal details and use of language in that period.
(iii) Similarly, we also learn about the financial transactions and economic conditions, the advancement in metallurgy prevailing at that time.
(iv) From the images of Ram-Sita on the coins of Emperor Akbar or Shiva Parvati on the coins of Hyder Ali we see religious co-ordination of those days.

Speak your thoughts:

Question 1.
Suggest measures for preserving sources of history.
Answer:
(i) Written documents can be digitized and at the same time the original source should be preserved.
(ii) Controlling moisture by storing artefacts in an encasement which is oxygen free can help in their preservation.
(iii) Museums and other institutions must put in place steps and measures to preserve material sources of history in a scientific manner.
(iv) Handling, storage and display of artefacts must be done with care.
(v) Artefacts and other sources must be kept locked and continuous monitoring must be ensured to avoid any loss.
If any artefacts show signs of deterioration, conservationist must be called in for restoration of the same.

Class 7 History Chapter 1 Sources of History Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate words from the options given below:

Question 1.
The period from the ninth century CE till the end of the eighteenth century is considered to be the _____ period of Indian history. (Ancient, Medieval, Modern)
Answer:
Medieval

Question 2.
History gives us a chronological, scientific and systematic account of ______ events. (past, present, future)
Answer:
past

Question 3.
Historical sources should be used judiciously and only after a ______. (thorough reading, indepth study, critical analysis)
Answer:
critical analysis

Question 4.
Veergala is a ________. (fort, monument, palace)
Answer:
monument

Question 5.
The Peshwas used the _______ language on their coins. (Arabic or Persian, Hindi or Sanskrit, Pali)
Answer:
Arabic or Persian

Question 6.
Travellers of other countries who came to India have written ______ or accounts of their travels, (biography, autobiography, travelogues)
Answer:
travelogues

Question 7.
Tavarikh or Tarikh means the ______. (information about past, sequence of events, dates)
Answer:
sequence of events

Question 8.
The author’s ______ is very important in writing history. (viexvpoint, perspective, impartiality and neu trality)
Answer:
impartiality and neutrality

Question 9.
An, _____ is a carving on a stone, or a wall. (metal plate, inscription, edict)
Answer:
inscription

Question 10.
______ is a type of chronicle that originated in Maharashtra. (Bakhar, Myths, Travelogues)
Answer:
Bakhar

Find the odd man out:

Question 1.
Genealogies, Travelogue, Chronicles, Inscription.
Answer:
Inscription

Question 2.
Churches, Temples, Mosques, Myths
Answer:
Myths

Name the following:

Question 1.
The subject which gives us a chronological, scientific and systematic account of past events.
Answer:
History.

Question 2.
Any two metals used by different rulers in the past to make coins.
Answer:
Gold, Silver

Question 3.
One place in Tanjavur where inscriptions are found.
Answer:
Brihadishwara temple premises.

Question 4.
Two things inscribed on copper plates.
Answer:
(a) Royal edicts
(b) Verdicts

Question 5.
Any two scripts used in the Medieval period.
Answer:
(a) Devanagari
(b) Arabic

Question 6.
Written accounts of the travels by the travellers from other countries.
Answer:
Travelogues.

Question 7.
Any two travellers who visited India in the Medieval period.
Answer:
(a) A1 Biruni
(b) Ibn Batuta

Question 8.
Sanskrit biography of Shivaji Maharaj was composed by this poet.
Answer:
Paramanand.

Question 9.
A source of history which means the sequence of events.
Answer:
Tavarikh or Tarikh.

Question 10.
Two people who compiled Tavarikh.
Answer:
(a) A1 Biruni
(b) Ziauddin Barani.

Question 11.
A type of chronicle that originated in Maharashtra.
Answer:
Bakhar.

Question 12.
Any two chronicles written in Marathi.
Answer:
(a) Mahikavatichi Bakhar
(b) Sabhasad Bakhar

Question 13.
Any two contemporary western historians.
Answer:
(a) Robert Arm
(b) Grant Duff

Question 14.
Any two oral sources of history.
Answer:
(a) Owis
(b) Folk songs

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What information does history give us?
Answer:
History gives us a chronological and systematic account of past events.

Question 2.
What must history be based on?
Answer:
History must be based on authentic evidence or proofs which are known as sources of history.

Question 3.
What are the different sources of history?
Answer:
Material sources, written sources and oral sources are the three different sources of history.

Question 4.
How should we use different sources of history?
Answer:
We have to use the different sources of history judiciously and only after critical analysis.

Question 5.
What do we learn when we look at forts and monuments built in the past?
Answer:
When we look at the forts and monuments we come to know about the development of architecture, the economic conditions, the quality of art, style of the building construction and people’s standard of living in that particular period.

Question 6.
Why is an inscription considered to be a very important and reliable source of history?
Answer:
An inscription is considered to be a very important and reliable source of history because it helps us to understand features like the language, script, social life of a period etc.

Question 7.
What are known as copper plates?
Answer:
Inscriptions carved on sheets of copper are known as ‘copper plates’.

Question 8.
How do we understand various aspects of folk life?
Answer:
We understand various aspects of folk life through folk literature traditionally passed from generation to generation.

Explain the following terms:

Question 1.
History
Answer:
History is a chronological, scientific and systematic account of past events.

Question 2.
An inscription
Answer:
An inscription is a carving on a stone or a wall.

Question 3.
Tavarikh or Tarikh
Answer:
Tavarikh or Tarikh means the sequence of events.

Question 4.
Bakhar
Answer:
Bakhar is a type of chronicle that originated in Maharashtra.

Question 5.
Chronicles
Answer:
Chronicles are written sources of history which help in understanding aspects like the contemporary political happenings, linguistic transaction, cultural life, social conditions, etc.

Classify the following into Material sources, Written sources and Oral sources of history:

Question 1.
Ornaments, Fort, Owis, Myths, Utensils, Folk songs, Weapons, Travelogue, Well, Biographies, Clothing, Powada, Copper plate, Folk tales, Coins, Shloka, Temples, Books
Answer:

Written Sources	Material Sources	Oral Sources
Books, Travelogue, Copper plate, Coins, Temples	Ornaments, Forts, Utensils, Weapons, Well, Clothing	Owis, Myths, Folk songs, Hearsays, Powada, Folk tales, Shloka

Complete the following diagrams:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Question 3.

Answer:

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Arrange in chornological order:

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Answers Question 1.
(i) Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj
(ii) Raid on Lai Mahal
(iii) Escape from Agra
(iv) Coronation
(v) Treaty of Purandar
(vi) Shaistakhan’s invasion
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan’s invasion
(ii) Raid on Lai Mahal
(iii) Treaty of Purandar
(iv) Escape from Agra
(v) Coronation
(vi) Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj

2. Find the names from the chapter:

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Question Answer Question 1.
A dictionary containing Sanskrit alternatives.
Answer: Rajya – vyavahara – kosha

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Question 2.
He won Trimbakgad.
Answer:
Moropant Pingale

Class 7 History Chapter Question 3.
This Sardar was defeated at Vani-Dindori.
Answer:
Sardar Daudkhan

Conflict With The Mughals Questions And Answers Question 4.
A place where the British, Dutch and French had their factories.
Answer:
Surat

3. Write about these in your own words:

Conflict With Mughals Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj’s preparation for the > coronation.
Answer:
(i) The famous learned Pandit Gagabhatt was invited to conduct the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj.

(ii) Invitations were sent to learned Brahmans of all parts of India.

(iii) Shivaji visited the famous temples in Maharashtra and distributed clothes and other things among the Brahmans.

(iv) A gold plated steel/stool was prepared with precious ornaments was brought for Shivaji Maharaj.

(v) Holy water from seven sacred rivers Yamuna, Indus, Ganga, Godavari, Kaveri and Krishna was brought and kept in a gold vessel.

(vi) A special royal umbrella of cloth with gold fringes and pearls was prepared.

(vii) Special scarlet robes for Shivaji Maharaj was prepared.

Question 2.
The Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj felt that it was necessary to entitle himself as a king.

(ii) A formal coronation ceremony was organized.

(iii) Many learned Brahmans from all parts of India came. Even Ambassadors from all over India came to witness the ceremony.

(iv) On 6th June, 1674, Shivaji got up early in the morning, worshipped the gods and took blessing from the priests.

(v) He was dressed up in a special scarlet robe and precious ornaments

(vi) The Brahmans chanted Mantras and blessed Shivaji.

(vii) Gagabhatt held the royal umbrella over the Maharaj’s head, and poured the holy water from seven rivers.

(viii) Special coins were minted-a gold coin called Hon and a copper coin called Shivrai.

(ix) A dictionary showing Sanskrit meaning for Persian words was prepared. It is called Rajya- vyavahara-kosha.

Question 3.
Escape from Agra.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj pretended to be ill.

(ii) He complained of severe pain in the stomach. Doctors were called. They started treating the patient, Shivaji.

(iii) He started sending out huge baskets of sweets to Sadhus and Maulavis for his quick recovery. In the beginning, the guard outside would examine the baskets.

(iv) In the course of time, they got tired of this daily routine and stopped it.

(v) One evening, Shivaji made Hiroji sleep in his bed and asked Madari to manage his feat.

(vi) Then Shivaji Maharaj and Sambhaji Raje hid themselves in two of the many baskets that were going out.

(vii) The baskets were supposed to contain sweets and allowed to pass unchecked.

(viii) At a place previously fixed, Shivaji Maharaj and Sambhaji Raje got out of the baskets and adroitly escaped from Agra and reached Maharashtra safely after a few days.

Question 4.
Shivaji Maharaj’s Campaign of the South.
Answer:
(i) After the coronation ceremony, Shivaji went to the South at Golconda.
(ii) He made friendship with Qutubshah.
(iii) He captured the forts like Bangalore, Hoskote, Jinji, Vellore, etc. and some territories of Adilshah.
(iv) He appointed Raghunath Narayan Hanamante the chief officer to look after these territories.

4. Give reasons:

Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj entered into the ‘Treaty of Purandar’.
Answer:
(i) Aurangzeb sent a powerful Sardar, Jaisingh to defeat Shivaji Maharaj.
(ii) He started a naval campaign against Maharaj.
(iii) Jaisingh and Dilerkhan siege the fort of Purandar.
(iv) The Mughals siege the Fort of Purandar.
(v) Murarbaji Deshpande fought with courage but died a hero’s death.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Mughals.
Answer:
(i) The Treaty of Purandar meant a great loss of wealth and humiliation for the Marathas.
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj wanted to recapture the forts and territories given to the Mughals as per the Purandar treaty.
(iii) In order to earn the reputation, Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Mughals.

Activities:

How do you prepare for the special programmes on Independence Day/ Republic Day ? Make a list with help of your teacher.
Visit a historical place in your neighbourhood and write a report on your visit.

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals InText Questions and Answers

Do you remember?

Question 1.
Which Indian king started a new calendar?
Answer:
King Vikramaditya started the Vikrama Sam vat Era after defeating the Shakas in 57-58 BC and Shivaji Maharaj also started Rajyabhisheka Shaka (the coronation era in 1674).

Gather information:

Question 1.
Find out how Shivaji Maharaj escaped from his house arrest at Agra.
Answer:
(i) In 1666, Aurangzeb invited Shivaji to Agra, along with his nine-year-old son Sambhaji and a few of his trusted people.

(ii) Aurangzeb’s plan was to send Shivaji to Kandahar, now in Afghanistan, to consolidate the Mughal empire’s north-western frontier.

(iii) However, in the court, on 12th May 1666, Aurangzeb made Shivaji stand behind military commanders of his court.

(iv) Shivaji took offence and stormed out of court, and was promptly placed under house arrest under the watch of Faulad Khan, Kotwal of Agra.

(v) Shivaji pretended severe illness and requested to send most of his group back to the Deccan and conveyed his wish to distribute some sweets to the poor as offerings for getting well.

(vi) Thereafter, on his request, he was allowed to send daily shipments of sweets and gifts to saints, fakirs, and temples in Agra as offerings for his health.

(vii) The Kotwal was requested that the boxes of sweets should be touched by Maharaj himself as a custom and hence all the boxes were strictly checked.

(viii) According to the Mughal documents, after several days and weeks of sending out boxes containing sweets, Shivaji, disguised as labourer carrying sweet basket escaped on 17 August 1666.

(ix) Sambhaji, being a child had no restrictions and was sent out of the prison camp before Shivaji escaped.

(x) After escaping Shivaji and his son fled to the Deccan disguised as sadhus.

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate words from the options given below:

Question 1.
The Killedar of the fort of Chakan was ____ (Vyankoji, Firangoji Narsala, Murarbaji Deshpande)
Answer:
Firangoji Narsala

Question 2.
Shaistakhan set up his camp at Lalmahal in ________ (Pune, Satara, Agra)
Answer:
Pune

Question 3.
The treaty of ______ was signed between Jaisingh and Shivaji. (Pune, Bengal, Purandar)
Answer:
Purandar

Question 4.
Shivaji helped Jaisingh against _______ (Adilshah, Aurangzeb, Qutubshah)
Answer:
Adilshah

Question 5.
The Mughals captured the fort of _________ (Jinji, Chakan, Raigad)
Answer:
Chakan

Question 6.
In the raid, ________ lost his fingers (Shaistakhan, Jaisingh, Afzalkhan)
Answer:
Shaistakhan

Question 7.
_______ was the Subhedar of Surat. (Dilerkhan, Inayat Khan, Shaistakhan)
Answer:
Inayat Khan

Question 8.
______died a heroic death, while defending the Purandar fort. (Firangoji Narsala, Raghunath Narayan, Murarbaji Deshpande)
Answer:
Murarbaji

Question 9.
Shivaji Maharaj passed away at Fort ______ on 3rd April, 1680. (Purandar, Chakan, Raigad)
Answer:
Raigad

Question 10.
______, a learned Pandit crowned Shivaji Maharaj on his first coronation. (Pandit Gagabhatt, Nischalpuri Gosavi, Firangoji Narsala)
Answer:
Gagabhatt

Question 11.
Shivaji Maharaj had his second coronation performed under the guidance of ______. (Krishnaji Anant Sabhasad, Nischalpuri Gosavi, Pandit Gagabhatt)
Answer:
Nischalpuri Gosavi

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Treaty of Purandar (2) Shivaji’s coronation (3) Karnataka campaign (4) Shivaji raided Lai Mahal	(a) April 1663 (b)  October 1677 (c) June, 1674 (d)  June 1651

Answer:
1 – d
2 – c
3 – b
4 – a

Question 2.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Mann	(a) A monument
(2) Hon	(b) Unit of measurement
(3) Shivrai	(c) a gold coin
(4) Samadhi	(d) a copper coin

Answer:
1 – b
2 – c
3 – d
4 – a

Arrange in chronological order:

Question 1.
(i) Shivaji Maharaj’s campaign to the South
(ii) The treaty of Purandar
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj’s death in Raigad
(iv) Shivaji Maharaj’s coronation
Answer:
(i) The treaty of Purandar
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj’s coronation
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj’s campaign to the South
(iv) Shivaji Maharaj’s death in Raigad

Find the names from the chapter:

Question 1.
A learned Pandit who crowned Shivaji Maharaj at Raigad.
Answer:
Gagabhatt

Question 2.
This treaty was signed between Jaisingh and Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:
The Treaty of Purandar

Question 3.
It was a rich city. Shivaji Maharaj raided it and obtained plenty of wealth.
Answer:
Surat

Question 4.
He took shelter in the southern part of Jinji.
Answer:
Chhatrapati Rajaram Maharaj.

Question 5.
It is a world famous library.
Answer:
The Saraswati Mahal

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Whom did Aurangzeb send to curb Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Aurangzeb sent Jaisingh, an experienced and powerful Rajput Sardar against Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 2.
What were the terms of the ‘Treaty of Purandar’?
Answer:
According to the terms of the treaty, Shivaji Maharaj gave twenty-three of his forts along with adjoining territories yielding an annual revenue of four lakh hons. He also assured the Mughals, of help against Adilshah.

Question 3.
How did Aurangzeb treat Shivaji Maharaj at his Darbar in Agra?
Answer:
Aurangzeb did not treat Shivaji Maharaj with due honour at his court and gave vent to his anger.

Question 4.
When and where was Shivaji Maharaj coronated? Who crowned him?
Answer:
On 6th June, 1674, Gagabhatt a learned Pandit crowned Shivaji Maharaj at Raigad.

Question 5.
What was inscribed on the special coins minted on the occasion of the coronation?
Answer:
Shri Raja Shiva Chhatrapati was inscribed on . the special coins minted on the occasion of the coronation.

Question 6.
Which dictionary was prepared on the special occasion of coronation?
Answer:
A dictionary showing Sanskrit alternatives for Persian words was prepared. It is called ‘Rajya- vyavahara-kosha’.

Question 7.
What did Sabhasad, a chronicler, write about Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Sabhasad wrote “It was no mean achievement for a Maratha King to become such a great Chhatrapati”.

Question 8.
What was the objective of Jaisingh’s invasion?
Answer:
The objective of Jaisingh’s invasion was to curb the increasing activities of Shivaji Maharaj and then to turn to Adilshahi.

Question 9.
Under whose guidance was the second coronation performed?
Answer:
Shivaji Maharaj’s second coronation was performed under the guidance of Nischalpuri Gosavi.

Question 10.
What was encouraged by rulers of Tanjavur?
Answer:
Rulers of Tanjavur encouraged art and learning.
The Saraswati Mahal Library in Tanjavur is world famous.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Shaistakhan suffered great humiliation.
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan invaded Pune and set up his camp at Lai Mahal in Pune, where Shivaji Maharaj lived in his childhood.
(ii) His forces looted the people.
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj decided to raid Lai Mahal.
(iv) On the night of 5th April, 1663, along with his band of soldiers, Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai Mahal.
(v) In this raid, Shaistakhan lost his fingers hence suffered great humiliation.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj decided to attack/raid Surat.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj wanted to teach the Mughals a lesson as Shaistakhan had ravaged large territories of the Swaraj.
(ii) Surat was a big trade centre and a port under Mughal control.
(iii) The British, Dutch and French laid their factories in Surat.
(iv) Maximum revenue was being generated by this city for the emperor.
(v) It was a rich city.
(vi) Maharaj marched to Surat.
(vii) The Subhedar of Surat could not put up any resistance.
(viii) Maharaj obtained plenty of wealth from Surat without bothering the common people.
(ix) This campaign was a stunning blow to Emperor Aurangzeb’s prestige.
(x) This campaign of Surat was completely successful.

Question 3.
Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai MahaL
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan had set up his camp at Lai Mahal ,in Pune where Shivaji Maharaj had lived in his childhood.
(ii) Shaistakhan’s army looted the people in the Pune region for two years.
(iii) This had an adverse effect on the morale of people.
(iv) Therefore Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai Mahal.

Complete the following:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 3.1 Tartary Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 3.1 Tartary

Class 7 English Chapter 3.1 Tartary Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Find the words that mean the following, from the first stanza.

3.1 Tartary Question And Answer Question 1.
Gold hammered into a flat, thin shape : ………………..
Answer:
beaten gold

Tartary Poem Std 7 Question Answer Question 2.
Show off proudly : ………………..
Answer:
flaunt

Tartary Poem 7th Standard Question 3.
Tilt, move at an angle : ………………..
Answer:
slant

3.1 Tartary Answer Question 4.
Across, especially in a slanting direction : ………………..
Answer:
athwart

2. Find the names of the exotic musical instruments and animals mentioned in the poem.

Tartary Poem Std 7 Questions And Answers Question 1.
Find the names of the exotic musical instruments and animals mentioned in the poem.
Answer:
Exotic musical instruments mentioned in the poem are harp, flute and mandoline. Animals mentioned are fishes, zebras, tigers and peacock.

3. In the last stanza, there are three-four letter words that refer to a beautiful valley.

3.1 Tartary Question 1.
In the last stanza, there are three-four letter words that refer to a beautiful valley. They are:
1. ………………
2. ………………
3. ………………
Answer:
1. dale,
2. vale,
3. glen.

4. From the poem, find three lines that use comparisons.

Tartary Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
From the poem, find three lines that use comparisons.
1. …………….
2. …………….
3. …………….
Answer:
1. Her trembling lake like foamless seas.
2. Yellow as honey, red as wine.
3. And, clustered thick as seeds.

5. Colour, sound and images from nature add to the beauty of a poem.

Tartary Poem Std 7 Question 1.
Colour, sound and images from nature add to the beauty of a poem: ‘Tartary’ is a perfect example of the above. Pick out lines that contain:
1. colour,
2. sound,
3. images of native:
Answer:
1. Colour:

• her rivers silver pale!
• In every purple vale!
• And in the evening lamp would shine. Yellow as honey red as wine
• I’d wear a robe of beads & gold

2. Sound:

• Trumpeters everyday. To every meal would summon me.
• While harp and flute and mandoline made music sweet and gay

3. Images from the nature:

• Her flashing stars, her scented breeze.
• Her river silver pale!
• And in my pools great fishes slant.
• Her bird-delighting citron trees.
• Glen, thicket, wood and dale.

6. Complete the following phrases with the help of the poem.

Tartary Question And Answers Question 1.
Complete the following phrases with the help of the poem.

1. ……………. music
2. ……………. rivers
3. ……………. breeze
4. ……………. lake
5. ……………. citron-trees

Answer:

1. sweet and gay music
2. silver-pale river
3. scented breeze
4. trembling lake
5. bird-delighting citron-trees

7. Write about the daily routine of the ‘Lord of Tartary’ in 8-10 lines.

7th Std English Poem Tartary Question 1.
Write about the daily routine of the ‘Lord of Tartary’ in 8-10 lines.
Answer:
The Lord of Tartary would get up very early in the morning. He would wear a dress of green, white and gold beads. These beads would be placed very close to each other just like seeds. And before the waning of the morning star he would wear his robe, take his sword, and then go out in the valley in his carriage drawn by seven zebras. At meal time, be summoned by trumpeters. In the evening, he would enjoy the shining lamps and sweet music played by musicians. At night he would enjoy the flashing stars and the scented breeze by the lakeside lined with citron-trees.

8. Using your imagination write about a beautiful region – its landforms, water bodies, flora and fauna, night sky, people etc.

Question 1.
Using your imagination write about a beautiful region – its landforms, water bodies, flora and fauna, night sky, people etc.
Answer:
My mind races to a beautiful mountain range full of huge tall trees with winding creepers. A few monkeys could be seen jumping from the branches across trees as if engaged in a game. The crisp chirping of birds could be heard. The setting sun cast a reddish-yellow glow on the horizon and I could see the gurgling stream flowing down the slopes of the mountain as if to reach a destination.

Through the winding paths, one could see villages with loads of household goods trekking up the way to their homes nestled in the slopes of the mountain. As the night grew, the dim lights from the modest homes seemed to complete with the bright shining stars, far away in the sky. The occasional cool breeze, faithfully carried the fragrance of the trees, leaves and the blooms with if it was a blissful feeling – away from the din and noise of the crowded city life.

9. Language Study.

Question 1.
Consonance: Consonance is repetition of one or more consonant sounds especially at the end of words. Consonance is usually pleasant lo the ear.
Examples:

• Piller-patter, pitter-patter
• Rivers silver-pale
• The lint was sent with the tent.
• All’s well that ends well.

Find at least two examples of consonance from poems that you study in this book.
Answer:
e.g.
1. pitter-patter
2. gold and green
Give Similar examples.

Class 7 English Chapter 3.1 Tartary Additional Important Questions and Answers

Match the Columns.

Question 1.

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
1. Zebras	a. delight the birds
2. Lakes	b. summon the Lord to every meal
3. Citron trees	c. draw carriage
4. Trumpeters	d. flaunt their feathers
5. Peacocks	e. tremble like a sea
6. Tigers	f. beat gold
	g. haunt the forests

Answer:

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
1. Zebras	c. draw carriage
2. Lakes	e. tremble like a sea
3. Citron trees	a. delight the birds
4. Trumpeters	b. summon the Lord to every meal
5. Peacocks	d. flaunt their feathers
6. Tigers	g. haunt the forests

Reading Skills and Poetic Device.

Question 1.
Complete the sentences.

1. My bed should be
2. And in my forests
3. Yellow as honey,

Answer:

1. of ivory
2. tigers haunt
3. red as wine

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
How does the poet begin the poem?
Answer:
The poet begins the poem on the assumption that if he were the Lord of Tartary and wants all things beautiful for himself like a little child “myself and me alone.”

Question 2.
The poet expresses his desire for certain things specifically. According what do you what do the following signify?

1. Ivory
2. peacocks
3. tigers
4. shining lamps
5. harp and flute

Answer:

1. luxury
2. beauty and majesty
3. strength / power
4. decor aesthetics brightness beauty
5. ear for music.

Question 3.
Who will summon the Lord to every meal?
Answer:
The trumpeters will summon the Lord to every meal.

Poetic Device.

State and explain the figures of speech in the given lines.

Question 1.
of beaten gold my throne
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘my throne of beaten gold’.

Question 2.
And in my court should peacocks flaunt.
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘And in my court peacock should flaunt’.

Question 3.
Yellow as honey, red as wine.
Answer:
Simile – Lamp’s yellow shine is directly compared to honey and its red shine is compared to wine.

Question 4.
White harp and flute and mandolin
Answer:
Repetition – The word ‘and is repeated for poetic effect.

Question 5.
Made music sweet and gay.
Answer:
Alliteration – The sound of’m’ in words made and music is used to add beauty to the poem.

Simple Factual Questions.

Complete the sentences.
1. The lake of Tartary trembles like
2. The purple dale has
Answer:
1. foamless seas
2. bird-delighting citron trees

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
How does the poet want his robe to be?
Answer:
The poet wants his robe to be made of white, golden and green coloured beads placed quite close to one another.

Question 2.
What does he want to do before the morning star is out of sight?
Answer:
Before the morning star is out of sight, the poet wants to wear his robe and ride through the dark open spaces in the forests. He hopes to travel in his car drawn by seven zebras.

Question 3.
How does the poet portray the natural beauty of Tartary.
Answer:
The poet imagines a variety of fruits, silver pale rivers, valleys of dense forests and bushes, flashing stars, scented breeze, shining stars in the sky and citron trees habited by delightful birds in his Kingdom of Tartary.

Poetic Device.

Question 1.
And clustered thick as seeds
Answer:
Simile – There is a direct comparison between the beads in the robe to a cluster of seeds to add to the poetic effect.

Question 2.
And zebras seven should draw my car
Answer:
Inversion – The prose order is changed for poetic effect.

Question 3.
Glen, thicket, wood, and dale
Answer:
Tautology – The words ‘glen’ and ‘dale’ which mean the same are used in the same line for a better poetic effect.

Question 4.
Her trembling lake like foamless sea.
Answer:
Simile: The lake is directly compared to a sea for a better poetic effect.
Personification: Inanimate object ‘lake’ is given the human quality of trembling for a better poetic effect.
Alliteration: The sound of T is repeated in words ‘lake’ and ‘like’ for a better poetic effect.

Question 5.
Her rivers silver-pale!
Answer:
Exclamation – A strong emotion is expressed for a better poetic effect.

Question 6.
And ere should wane the morning star.
Answer:
Inversion – The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘and ere the morning- star should wane’.

Question 7.
Pick out two pairs of rhyming words from the poem.
Answer:

1. pale-dale
2. beads-seeds

Tartary Summary in English

The poet says that if he were the Lord of the imaginary kingdom called ‘Tartary’, he would be the sole ruler of this great land. He would sleep on bed made of ivory, sit on a throne made of gold. All types of birds and animals would visit his court. The peacocks would proudly show off its beautiful form and the well-built tigers would take a walk in the forests. The fishes would tilt and swim with their fins shining in the pools.

Further ahead, the poet says that as the Lord of Tartary, he would be treated royally. With trumpeters calling him for every meal, shining lamps displaying yellow and red colours. Musicians would entertain him by playing exotic musical instruments such as harp, flute and mandoline.

He wishes to wear a robe of beads of white gold & green. Before the morning stars wane, he would wear his robe and with a sword in his hand, go around the valley in a carriage drawn by seven zebras.
As the lord of Tartary, he would own all the juicy fruits the silver-pale rivers, hills full of bushes and trees. In the night, he would enjoy the beauty of the shining stars and the sweet fragrance of the breeze. The purple valley with citron-trees that delight the birds would add to the beauty of Tartary.

Introduction:

The poet Walter de la Mare paints a vivid picture of an imaginary kingdom, ‘Tartary’ and takes us on a journey as the Lord of the mighty kingdom.

Glossary:

1. Tartary – an imaginary land
2. ivory (n) – tusk teeth of an elephant which is hard and creamy white in colour
3. beaten gold (adj) – gold hammered into flat thin shape
4. throne (n) – chair for a king or queen metal strings
5. flaunt (v) – show off proudly
6. haunt (v) – come frequently
7. slant (v) – tilt, at an angle which is not straight (here) move at an angle.
8. athwart (prep) – across, from side to side in a slanting direction
9. summon (v) – call
10. bray (v) – make a loud harsh cry
11. harp (n) – a musical instrument with strings
12. mandoline (n) – a musical instrument with metal strings
13. gay (adj) – happy, light-hearted
14. robe (n) – a loose garment reaching the ankles
15. clustered (v)- similar things grouped together and placed closely
16. ere (prep) – before (in time) – old usage
17. wane (v) – disappear
18. don (v) – put on clothing
19. scimitar (n) – short sword with a curved blade
20. glades (n) – open spaces in a forest
21. glen (n) – a narrow valley
22. thicket (n) – dense group of bushes or trees
23. dale (n) – a valley
24. flashing (v) – shine with bright, irregular light
25. vale (n) – a valley

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 6 Natural Regions Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 6 Natural Regions

Class 7 Geography Chapter 6 Natural Regions Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the following statements carefully. Correct the wrong ones and write them down:

Natural Regions Class 7 Geography Question 1.
Due to its mild and warm climate, people from the West European region are not energetic.
Answer:
False – Due to its mild and warm climate people from the West European region are industrious and energetic.

Std 7 Geography Chapter 6 Natural Regions Question 2.
The prairie region is called the wheat basket of the world.
Answer:
True.

Natural Regions Class 7 Questions And Answers Question 3.
The trees in the Mediterranean region have oily leaves and the bark is quite thick. There is a high rate of transpiration.
Answer:
False – The trees in the hot desert region have oily leaves and the bark is quite thick. There is high rate of transpiration.

Natural Regions Class 7 Question 4.
The camel is an important animal of the hot desert region as it can survive without water and is useful for transport.
Answer:
True.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 6 Natural Regions Question 5.
Carnivorous animals like tigers and lions are found in large numbers in the equatorial regions.
Answer:
False – Carnivorous animals like tigers and lions are found in large numbers in the grassland region (Sudan).

2. Give geographical reasons:

6 Natural Regions Question 1.
People in monsoon region are mainly engaged in agriculture.
Answer:
(i) The monsoon region is located in tropical & subtropical belt between 10° & 30°N & parallels which receives almost perpendicular rays of the sun for most part of the year.

(ii) The summers temperature are hot with between 27° & 32°C & the winters are mild with temperatures between 15° to 24°C.

(iii) This region receives rainfall during specific season from the south west monsoon winds and the rainfall varies between 250 to 2500 mm.

(iv) Thus as the climatic conditions are such that they favour growth of variety of crops.

(v) Thus, people in the monsoon region are engaged in agriculture.

Natural Regions Std 7 Question 2.
Trees in equatorial forests grow tall.
Answer:
(i) The equatorial forest are found in regions between 50°N & 50°S of the equator. This region receives perpendicular rays of the sun throughout the year.

(ii) The climate of the equatorial region is hot & it receives rainfall throughout the year. Annual rainfall in this region is between 2500 & 3000 mm.

(iii) Hence, dense evergreen forests are found here. Due to dense vegetation sunlight does not reach the ground & the trees compete for sunlight.

(iv) Thus, trees in equatorial forests grow tall.

Question 3.
Vegetation is short-lived in the Tundra region.
Answer:
(i) Tundra region is located between 65°N to 90°N parallels due to which the climate here is very cold.
(ii) The mean summer temperatures is between 20°C to 30°C.
(iii) Very cold climate of winter does not support growth of vegetation but short grass, small shrubs, flowers, lichen, moss etc. grow during short summer period here
(iv) Thus, vegetation is short-lived in the Tundra region.

3. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the latitudinal extent of the Taiga . region?
Answer:
Taiga region extends from 55° to 65° N latitudes from Alaska to the Atlantic coast & in parts of Eurasia.

Question 2.
Name any three herbivorous animals from the Sudan region. What has nature endowed them with for self-protection?
Answer:

• Sudan region has zebras, elephant and giraffe.
• Nature has gifted them with speedy legs.
• The skin of the animals here have colourful spots or stripes/bands.

Question 3.
What are the characteristics of the Monsoon region?
Answer:
The characteristics of the Monsoon region are as follows:

• The summer temperature is between 27° and 32°C & the winter temperature is 15° to 24°C.
• Rainfall varies between 250 to 2500 mm. This region gets rain in specific seasons from the SW Monsoon.
• Rainfall here is highly variable and distribution is quite uneven.
• Semi-evergreen and deciduous forests are found in this region. Vegetation depends on the distribution of rainfall.
• Agriculture is the main occupation of the people here.
• Large number of small hamlets are found. There is considerable difference in the diet & costumes of the people in the monsoon region.
• Population here is mostly engaged in primary occupation

4. Show the following items on an outline map of the world. Prepare the index:

• Colorado Desert
• British Columbia
• Downs Grassland
• Inhabited part of Greenland
• Mediterranean Sea
• Congo basin
• Llanos and Campos

Answer:

Activity:

Using the Internet, check the information given in this lesson. Collect pictures of the flora and fauna and the human life of the various natural regions. Make a collage by pasting these pictures on the world map.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 6 Natural Regions InText Questions and Answers

Can you tell:

Observe the picture given on Pg. no. 30 of Geography textbook and answer the following question given below.

Page no: 31

Question 1.
Why are the house types shown in the pictures not seen in our surrounding?
Answer:
All the house types shown in the pictures are not seen in our surroundings because house types differ from place to place. They are built taking into consideration rainfall, temperature and raw material available for building houses.

Question 2.
Which are the regions where such types of houses are found?
Answer:
In cities, we find buildings and bungalows built of concrete material. An igloo is found in the Tundra or Taiga region. Huts are found in grassland or forested areas.

Question 3.
Would you like to stay in a house built of ice? Why don’t we build such houses?
Answer:
Yes, I would like to stay in an ice house. We can’t build it here because the temperature is high which will melt the ice and we don’t have snowfall in Maharashtra.

Question 4.
What brings about difference in people’s clothing?
Answer:
There is difference in people’s clothing because firstly it depends upon the climate of the place. Secondly it depends upon the culture & tradition as well as the raw material available or textile industries that are set up a particular region.

Question 5.
Where do you think Khubz, insects and ants also form a part of the diet of the people?
Answer:
Human beings eat whatever is edible & does not harm their digestive system.
Previously Khubz, insects & ants were consumed mainly by tribal people or people living in underdeveloped countries, but today it is consumed by people for protein, or for tradition or even as exploratory cuisine.

Question 6.
Can the animals from polar region like polar bears and penguins be kept in the tropical zoos?
Answer:
No, polar bear and penguins survive only in colder regions. They cannot bear the tropical heat and may die. Therefore, they are not kept in tropical zoos.

Question 7.
Are all the plants shown in the pictures found in our surroundings? If not, where do you think they can be found?
Answer:
TB pg 30 – The tree shown in 1 st picture is found in the coastal area. The tree in the 2nd picture is found in the equatorial region. The plant in the 3rd picture is found in the hot desert region.
TB pg 31 – The tree in the 1st picture is found in grassland regions.
The tree in 2nd picture is found in the monsoon region
The tree in the 3rd picture is found in the Taiga region.

Think about it:

Question 1.
Why are animals like lions not found in Equatorial forests?
Answer:
(i) Equatorial regions have hot & humid climate & it rains throughout the year. So, dense multilayered evergreen forests are found here.

(ii) As the sunlight does not reach the ground the trees compete to get sunlight & hence trees grow very tall.

(iii) Mainly animals which can survive in swampy & marshy environment of forests are arboreal animals found in equatorial forests.
Hence animals like lions are not found in equatorial forests.

Question 2.
Why are the hot deserts mainly located along the western side of the continents?
Answer:
The planetary winds shed their moisture in the eastern parts of the continents and become dry by the time they reach the western margins. Therefore, hot deserts are mainly located along the western side of the continents.

Question 3.
Why are people in the hot deserts engaged mostly in animal rearing?
Answer:
Hot deserts have very scanty rains and high temperature which does not favour agriculture, therefore people in the hot deserts are mostly engaged in animal rearing.

Question 4.
Why do people in hot deserts live a nomadic life?
Answer:
People in hot deserts rear animals for a living. Therefore they move from place to place in search of water and fodder for their animals.

Question 5.
Why are carnivorous animals found in the grasslands?
Answer:
In the grassland region there are a large number of herbivorous animals. Therefore carnivorous animals are found in large numbers.

Make friends with maps!

Observe the map and answer the following questions

Question 1.
Which natural regions are found in India?
Answer:
Monsoon region is the natural region found in India.

Question 2.
Which continent comprises a major portion of the hot desert type of region?
Answer:
Continent of Africa comprises a major portion of hot desert type region.

Question 3.
Which continent has the highest diversity in terms of natural regions?
Answer:
Continent of Asia has the highest diversity in terms of natural region.

Question 4.
Why are there fewer natural regions in the southern hemisphere than those in the northern hemisphere?
Answer:
Because the land in the southern hemisphere is less and have only in two temperature zones.

Question 5.
Which natural region occupies the largest area in the world.
Answer:
Taiga region occupies the largest area in the world.

Question 6.
Where else do we find conditions similar to the continent of Antarctica?
Answer:
Greenland has conditions similar to continent of Antarctica.

Question 7.
Throughout which natural regions does the Prime Meridian pass?
Answer:
The Prime Meridian passes through Hot deserts, Mediterranean type of climate, Taiga, West European type region.

Observe the table of natural region on Pg. 33 of textbook, then answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Which natural region consists of short-lived vegetation?
Answer:
Tundra region consists of short-lived vegetation.

Question 2.
In which natural region will you find the kraals?
Answer:
We will find the kraals in Sudan type grassland region.

Question 3.
Which region has winter rains?
Answer:
The Mediterranean region has winter rains.

Question 4.
In which natural regions are gorillas and chimpanzees found?
Answer:
Gorillas and Chimpanzees are found in the Equatorial region.

Question 5.
In which natural region is the land surface in the forests devoid of vegetation?
Answer:
Hot deserts region is devoid of vegetation.

Question 6. Which regions favour dairy farming?
Answer:
Grassland (Prairie and Steppes) favour dairy farming.

Question 7.
Which region is favourable for fruit production?
Answer:
Mediterranean region is favourable for fruit production.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 6 Natural Regions Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks choosing the correct option from the bracket:

Question 1.
The ______ people live in the Steppes grassland and they live a nomadic life. (Zulu, Pygmies, Kirgiz)
Answer:
Zulu

Question 2.
Monsoon region gets rains from the ____ winds. (NE monsoon, SW monsoon, SE monsoon)
Answer:
SW monsoon

Question 3.
_____ cause cyclonic rain in the West European region. (Westerlies, Easterlies, Polar)
Answer:
Westerlies

Question 4.
Sailors and explorers are mainly found in the ______ region. (Mediterranean, Monsoon, West European)
Answer:
Mediterranean

Question 5.
The _______ type of forest is found in the Equatorial region.(Coniferous, Evergreen, Deciduous)
Answer:
Evergreen

Question 6.
The ________ region receives rainfall in winter. (Mediterranean, Equatorial, Taiga)
Answer:
Mediterranean

Question 7.
Seat of Greek and Roman civilization is found in the ______ region. (Taiga, Hot desert, Mediterranean)
Answer:
Mediterranean

Question 8.
In Monsoon region, ______ is the main occupation of the people. (agriculture, animal husbandary, secondary)
Answer:
agriculture

Match the pair correctly:

Question 1.

Region	Latitudinal extent
(1) Tundra region	(a) 5° to 20° N and S
(2) Taiga region	(b) 20° to 30° N and S
(3) Grassland (Steppes and Prairies	(c) 30° to 55° N and S
(4) Hot Desert	(d) 55° to 65° N and S
(5) Grassland (Sudan type)	(e) 65° to 90° N and S

Answer:
1 – e
2 – d
3 – c
4 – b
5 – a

Do the following tasks:
Question 1.
Write the important occupation of the region in the following table:
Answer:

Question 2.
Find the location of the following regions from the world map and write down in the table given below:
Answer:

Regions	Location
(1) Tundra region	(a) Greenland, N. Canada, N. Europe, North Asia.
(2) Taiga region	(b) Alaska to the Atlantic coast, Parts of Eurasia.
(3) Grasslands (Steppes and Prairies)	(c) Steppes (Eurasia), Velds (South Africa), Pampas (S. America), Prairies (N. America), Down (Australia), etc.
(4) Hot Desert region	(d) In the western parts of continents, Sahara (N. Africa), Colorado (N.America), Atacama (S.America), Kalahari (S. Africa), Thar (Asia), etc.
(5) Grasslands (Sudan type)	(e) Savanna (Africa), Queensland (Australia), the Parkland (Africa), Llanos and Campos (S.America) and other grasslands.
(6) Equatorial region	(f) Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Guinea, Cango basin, Amazon basin.
(7) Monsoon region	(g) Indian subcontinent, Philippines, West Indies, N. Australia, E. Africa, E. America etc.
(8) Mediterranean region	(h) Portugal, Spain, Algeria, Turkey, California, Central Chile, SW and NE Australia, etc.
(9) West European region	(i) Norway, Denmark, Ireland, British Colombia, South Chile, New Zealand, etc.

Who am I. (Type of region):

Question 1.
I am found in Indonesia and Guinea
Answer:
Equatorial Region

Question 2.
I am found as Llanos and Campos
Answer:
Grasslands (Sudan type)

Question 3.
I am found in the Colorado and the Atacama
Answer:
Hot Desert region

Question 4.
I am found in South America and North America
Answer:
Grassland (steppes and prairies)

Question 5.
I am found from the Alaska to the Atlantic coast
Answer:
Taiga region

Question 6.
I am found in Greenland and North Canada
Answer:
Tundra region

Question 7.
I am found in California.
Answer:
Mediterranean region.

Name the following:

Question 1.
Any two animals of Tundra region
Answer: Reindeer, Polar bears.

Question 2.
Any 2 types of trees of the Taiga region.
Answer:
Spruce, Pine.

Question 3.
A tribe found in the Steppes and Prairies grassland who are no more nomadic.
Answer:
Kirghiz

Question 4.
Any two tribes found in Sudan type grassland region.
Answer:
Zulu, Hausa

Question 5.
Any three hot deserts
Answer:
Sahara (N. Africa), Thar (Asia), Colorado (N. America)

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is the mean winter temperature in the Tundra region?
Answer:
The mean winter temperature in the tundra region is approximately -20° to -30°C.

Question 2.
How are the summers and winters in Sudan region?
Answer:
In the Sudan region, summers are hot and humid where as winters are warm and dry.

Question 3.
What are the annual rainfall in the Equatorial region?
Answer:
The annual rainfall in the equatorial region is between 2500 and 3000 mm.

Question 4.
Which animal is commonly found in the hot deserts? Why?
Answer:
Camels are commonly found in the hot deserts. as they can survive for days without water.

Question 5.
What are the characteristics of plants in the hot desert region?
Answer:
Their vegetation is in the form of thorny bushes with hardly any leaves; also the leaves are narrow, oily & the plants have a thick bark.

Question 6.
What type of forest are found in the Taiga region?
Answer:
Mainly coniferous forests are found in the Taiga region.

Give Geographical reasons for:

Question  1.
In hot desert region, animals like camels survive for days without water.
Answer:
(i) In Hot desert region mean summer temperature is 30° to 45°C.
(ii) The heat is tremendous & the rainfall is very low.
(iii) Camels have adapted themselves to such extreme conditions. When there is food & water a camel can eat & drink large amounts & store it as fat in the hump. Hence in hot desert region, animals like camels survive for days without water.

Question 2.
The Mediterranean region is known for its rainfall in winters.
Answer:
(i) The Mediterranean region lies between 30°and 40° parallels in both the hemispheres on the western side of continents.
(ii) Therefore, the Mediterranean region comes under the influence of westerlies.
(iii) Hence, it receives rainfall in winter.

Question 3.
Taiga region, lumbering is the main occupation.
Answer:
(i) The Taiga region has a cool climate. The summer temperature ranges between 15° to 20°C & the winter temperature falls below 0°C.
(ii) Hence, mainly coniferous forests are found here.
(iii) The wood of the trees here is light & soft.
(iv) Hence, lumbering is the main occupation in the Taiga region.

Question 4.
As one travels from the equator to the poles the spectrum of biodiversity narrows down.
Answer:
(i) In Equatorial region the occupation is based on forest produce, for eg. gathering of gum, rubber, etc.

(ii) Whereas towards the poles, the availability of natural resources adversely affects the human occupations.

(iii) The availability of sunlight and water keep on changing from equator to the polar region therefore as one travels from the equator to the poles, the spectrum of biodiversity narrows down.

Question 5.
There are variations in the biodiversity in different parts of the world.
Answer:
(i) Difference in landforms, climate and soil greatly influence the flora, fauna and human life.
(ii) Therefore it give rise to variations in the biodiversity in different parts of the world.

Question 6.
Equatorial region has a number of diseases.
Answer:
Equatorial region has a number of diseases because of the hot and humid climate which ,decomposes and causes vegetal litter.

Answer the following questions in short:

Question 1.
Describe coniferous trees in the Taiga region.
Answer:

• Coniferous trees have light and soft wood
• Leaves are narrow and pointed.
• Branches are leaning towards the ground.

Question 2.
Describe the vegetation in the Mediterranean region.
Answer:

• Grass is found in low rainfall regions whereas coniferous forests are found in mountainous region.
• Trees have thick barks and thick, small and oily leaves.

Question 3.
What types of forests are found in the Monsoon region?
Answer:
In the Monsoon region, semi-evergreen and deciduous forest are found.

Answer the following questions in detail:

Question 1.
What are the characteristics of the West European Region?
Answer:
The characteristics of the West European Region are as follows

• Mean Summer temperature is around 20°C, mean winter temperature is around 5°C.
• Mean rainfall is between 500 and 2500 mm.
• The rainfall is mostly in the form of cyclones associated with westerlies.
• It rains throughout the year.
• Climate is mild.
• Green grass is seen all the year round.
• Trees shed their leaves in winter.
• Coniferous trees and short-grasses grow here.

Question 2.
What are the characteristics of the Mediterranean region?
Answer:
The characteristics of the Mediterranean region are as follows :

• Dry summers and rainfall in winter and mean summer temperature from 21 °C to 27°C.
• Winter temperature between 10°C and 14°C.
• Mean annual rainfall is 500 to 1000 mm.
• It rains in winter.
• Thick small oily leaves.

Arrange the name of the region given in the semicircular globe depending on the parallels they lie:

Question 1.

Answer:

• Tundra region – Between 65° to 90° parallels.
• Taiga region – Between 55° and 65°N parallels.
• Prairie grassland – Between 30° and 55° N and S parallels.
• Hot Desert region – Between 20° and 30° N and S parallels.
• Sudan grassland – Between 5° to 20° N & S parallels.
• Equatorial region – Between 5° N to 20° S of the equator.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 4.1 Under the Greenwood Tree Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 4.1 Under the Greenwood Tree

Class 7 English Chapter 4.1 Under the Greenwood Tree Textbook Questions and Answers

1. From the poem, find the old word used for each of the following.

Question a.
towards, here, does
Answer:
hither, hither, doth

2. Write in your own words.

Question a.
Who does the poet invite to join him?
Answer:
The poet invites all those people who love nature and are ready to shun their ambitions and appreciate life in nature, to join him.

Question b.
How should that person sing?
Answer:
That person should sing happily just like a free bird.

Question c.
What message does the poem convey?
Answer:
The message conveyed through this poem is that if one wants to live a peaceful life without tensions, enemies and problems, he should spend his life in nature, wherein he would be happy and relaxed. He should forget all his desires and rejoice in the glory of nature like a free bird.

3. Pick out the lines that mean.

Question a.
Sing in such a manner
Answer:
turn his merry note

Question b.
One who wishes to join me
Answer:
who loves to lie with me

Question c.
Who gives up his desire for wealth, power, fame, etc.
Answer:
who doth ambition shun

Question d.
Life in the forest is free from ill-wishers.
Answer:
here shall he see no enemy

Question e.
Happy to eat whatever he can get.
Answer:
seeking the food he eats, and pleased with what he gets

4. Find from the Internet and write down.

Question a.
In which century did William Shakespeare write his famous plays ?
Answer:
William Shakespeare wrote his plays in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century.

Question b.
From which play is this song extracted ?
Answer:
This song is extracted from William Shakespeare’s comedy play ‘As You Like It’.

Question c.
Which character from the play sings this song?
Answer:
The song is sung by ‘Amiens’, a loyal courtier of Duke Senior.

5. Be a poet. Try to complete the following poem with words that rhyme with each other.

Question a.

Answer:
I’d love to live a life that’s free,
Relax under a shady tree,
And fall into a dreamy sleep,
With no strict hours, forced to keep And sing aloud a merry song,
Untrodden paths, as I walk along.
You ask me what I’d get to eat?
Fruits and nuts and berries sweet You ask me with whom I’d get to play Birds and animals, happy and gay And if a woodcutter put a chop Firmly, I would put a stop So that’s the life I’d like too to lead Free from worries, free from greed

Class 7 English Chapter 4.1 Under the Greenwood Tree Additional Important Questions and Answers

Reading Skills and Poetic Device.

Simple Factual Questions:

Under The Greenwood Tree Poem Questions Answers  Question 1.
State whether the following statement true or false.
1. The only enemy in the forest would be the winter and rough weather.
2. People who do not persue their ambition would be happy to live in nature.
Answer:
1. True
2. True.

Poetic Device.

Under The Greenwood Tree Poem Question Answers Class 7 Question 1.
Pick out the rhyming words from the poem.
Answer:

1. tree – me
2. note – throat
3. see – enemy
4. hither – weather

Under The Greenwood Tree Question Answers Question 2.
Give the rhyme scheme for the 1st four lines.
Answer:
Tire rhyme scheme for the 1st four lines is aabb.

Under The Greenwood Tree Poem Question Answers Question 3.
Come hither, come hither. (Name the figure of speech of the above line)
Answer:
Tire figure of speech is Repetition. The words ‘come hither’ has been repeated for better poetic effect.

Do as directed.

4.1 Under The Greenwood Tree Question 1.
Give the rhyme scheme for the last four lines.
Answer:
The rhyme scheme for the last four lines is abba.

Under The Greenwood Tree Question Answer Question 2.
Who doth ambition shun. (Name the figure of speech)
Answer:
Inversion – The words are not in proper order for better poetic effect. The proper order is ‘Who doth shun ambition’.

Under The Greenwood Tree Poem Question 3.
Here shall he see No enemy. (Figure of speech)
Answer:
Inversion – The words are not in proper order. The proper order is ‘Here he shall see no enemy’.

Under the Greenwood Tree Summary in English

Through the poem Shakespeare invites people to join him in enjoying the merry singing of the birds in the trees. There are no enemies there to be disturbed about except the vagaries of extreme cold and rough weather. They can be happy eating what they get enjoying the sunshine and giving up lofty ambitions.

Introduction:

This poem has been taken from William Shakespeare’s play ‘As you like it.’ Amiens, a courtier sings the song ‘under the Greenwood Tree’ in the play.

Glossary:

1. greenwood (n) – forest filled with trees full of green leaves
2. merry (adj) – jolly and full of high spirits
3. note (n) – a musical sound; a tone (musical)
4. hither (adv) – come here; over here
5. ambition (n) – desire to achieve something
6. shun (v) – to avoid
7. seeking (v) – searching; looking for
8. pleased (adj) – happy; content

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 10 Human Settlements Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 10 Human Settlements

Class 7 Geography Chapter 10 Human Settlements Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer in short:

Human Settlements Std 7 Question 1.
Explain the various types of human settlements.
Answer:
(a) Scattered settlements:

• In scattered settlements, houses are few and far from each other.
• They are found in the areas of high relief, dense forests, grasslands, hot deserts and extensive agricultural lands.

(b) Nucleated settlements:

• These settlements are close to water sources like brooks, rivulets, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, etc.
• Fertile plains, transport hubs, mining centres and commercial centres often lead to the development of this type of settlement.

(c) Linear settlements:

• Linear settlements are seen along roads, railways, rivers sea coasts and in foothill regions.
• They are narrow in shape and spread along a straight line.

Human Settlements Std 7 Chapter 10 Question 2.
Difference between nucleated and scattered settlements.
Answer:

Nucleated Settlements	Scattered Settlements
(i) Houses are close together. (ii) These settlements are close to water sources. They are self dependent due to fertile plains, transport hubs, mining centres, defense, health, education and social factors. (iii) People from different castes, religions, races and ideologies live together in these settlements and hence they have a better social life.	(i) Houses are far away from each other. (ii) They depend on centrally located villages for their day to day requirements. Facilities and services in these settlements are not adequate. (iii) These settlements have limited population, so they do not have much social life.

7th Maharashtra Board Geography Solutions Question 3.
Explain in natural factors affecting the location of human settlements
Answer:
(a) The natural factors like physiography, land / soils, climate, water supply, river banks, etc. affect the location of human settlements.

(b) Low population & few houses are found in regions of high relief forests, grasslands, hot deserts, etc. whereas high population & nucleated settlements are found in region of fertile plains.

(c) Regions having adequate supply of water has high population & nucleated settlements. Water is essential for occupation of agriculture. Hence early civilizations developed near sources of water like rivers, lakes, reservoirs etc.

(d) In region of extreme climate scattered settlements are found due to difficult living condition whereas in region of favourable climate, nucleated or linear settlements are found.

Human Settlement Class 10 Question 4.
Explain how human settlements have evolved.
Answer:

• Human settlements have evolved in accordance with the natural conditions.
• Using the resources from his surroundings, man constructed houses and started living in them.
• Rural settlement is the first step towards a stable life in human history.
• Urban settlements have evolved through the expansion and growth of rural settlements.
• There are large scale correlations between rural and urban settlements
• Modernization, science and technology lead to transformation in both types of settlements.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 10 Question 5.
Difference between a hamlet & a village
Answer:

Hamlet		Village
Size of population is small in a hamlet	(i)	Size of population is comparatively large in a village.
Most of people living in a hamlet are engaged a particular occupation which is dependent on locally available natural resource.	(ii)	People in a village are engaged in different occupations like agriculture, fishery, etc.
A hamlet is scattered settlement	(iii)	A village is majorly a nucleated settlement.

2. Identify the types of human settlements from the follwing statements:

Chapter 10 Human Settlements Notes Question 1.
Their money and time is saved by living on the farm.
Answer:
Scattered settlements.

Chapter 10 Human Settlements Question 2.
There is a lot of social life in this settlement.
Answer:
Nucleated settlements.

Human Settlement Class 7 Question 3.
Shops are located on both the sides of the road.
Answer:
Linear settlements.

Class 7th Geography Chapter 10 Question 4.
This settlement is found at the foothills of mountains or along the coast.
Answer:
Linear settlements.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Question 5.
Each house is located away from the other.
Answer:
Scattered settlement.

Grade 7 Geography Textbook Answers Question 6.
This settlement is good from security point of view.
Answer:
Nucleated settlements.

Question 7.
Having houses away from each other is good for health.
Answer:
Scattered settlements.

Question 8.
The houses are too close to each other.
Answer:
Nucleated settlement.

3. Study the diagram and identify the types of settlements:

Question 1.
Settlement ‘A’ has 5-6 houses and the place does not have other facilities.
Answer:
Scattered settlement.

Question 2.
‘B’ has a high school, a big market and a small theatre.
Answer:
Nucleated settlement.

Question 3.
‘C’ has houses, farmers, many shops and small industries.
Answer:
Linear settlement.

Question 4.
‘D’ has a natural harbour. Many industries have been established here.
Answer:
Linear settlement.

Question 5.
‘C’ is a settlement that has developed along the road side. Give two reasons of its location here.
Answer:
The reasons for settlement ‘C’ developing along the roadside are:

• It has direct & easy access to the main road which helps in easy movement of people & agricultural & industrial goods as houses, farms & small industries are found here.
• It is located at the foothill close to the main river.

ICT Activity :

With the help of the internet, find the image of your village/city. On that basis, write about the type and characteristics of your settlement.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 10 Human Settlements InText Questions and Answers

Try this

Look at the following picture. Find suitable location for human settlement and show them in picture:

Question 1.
Why were the settlements shown at specific places? Why should they be located there? Why can’t they be located in other places?
Answer:
(i) Settlement A is located at a place which has direct access to main road as well as railway line which will help in easy movement of passenger as well as goods transport.
(ii) Settlement ‘B’ is located on plain land. Its location near a water body will be beneficial for agricultural purpose.
(iii) A large portion of the area shown in the picture is a region of uneven topography which is not favourable for human settlement

Can you tell?

Observe the pictures given in figures (a, b, c, d). Think and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What all can you see in the picture?
Answer:
(a) Rural: settlement small houses made of mud are seen with river flowing and farmland.
(b) City: Monorail, sky scrapers and lot of traffic with vehicles moving.
(c) Tribal hamlet: with sparse1 population.
(d) Town: Vehicles moving, vendors, shops and small houses.

Question 2.
What are the familiar features?
Answer:
All pictures show some type of human settlements.

Question 3.
Which picture shows sparse settlements?
Answer:
Tribal Hamlet shows sparse population.

Question 4.
Which picture shows agriculture?
Answer:
Rural settlement shows agriculture.

Question 5.
Which picture shows dense settlements?
Answer:
City shows dense settlement.

Question 6.
Which picture shows high rise building?
Answer:
City shows high rise building.

Question 7.
From the following, assign a suitable names for each of the pictures: Rural settlement, Tribal hamlet, Town, City.
Answer:
(a) Rural settlements
(b) City
(c) Tribal Hamlet
(d) Town.

Question 8.
Arrange the picture according to the level of development in the settlements?
Answer:
Tribal Hamlets, Rural Settlements, Towns, Cities.

Observe the Fig. and discuss the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the difference between the human settlement at ‘A’ and ‘B’ ?
Answer:
A is Nucleated settlement & ’B’ is a Linear settlement

Question 2.
What is the difference between the settlement at B’ and C ?
Answer:
B is Linear settlement & ‘C’ is a type of tribal hamlet.

Question 3.
Where do you find less than 2 houses?
Answer:
‘C’ is tribal hamlet having less than 2 houses.

Question 4.
In what type of settlement do you live?
Answer:
I stay in ‘A’ type of settlement. (Students may answer as per their settlement type)

Think about it: 

Question 1.
Think about the possible processes that take place during the growth and development of settlements. Make a list of such processes.
Answer:
(i) Human settlements rise in places with favourable geographic conditions – such a availability of water, conducive climate, fertile land, etc.

(ii) In such settlements the occupations are majorly based on natural resources. These are called rural settlements.

(iii) With the passage of time, other associated occupations in these settlements grow & people of surrounding areas migrate & settle there, this leading to increase in the population of such settlements.

(iv) The proportion of people engaged in primary occupation declines & the importance of secondary & tertiary occupations increases
leading to transformation of rural settlements into urban settlements.

(v) Over a period of time when the population & the necessary amenities increase on a large scale, the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities.

Give it a try: 

Question 1.
Name the metropolitan cities of India.
Answer:
Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Pune, Ahmedabad, etc. are some of the metropolitian cities of India.

Question 2.
Identify the type of settlement where you live.
Answer:
Students are expected to answer this questions on their own.

Question 3.
Observe the photographs given below. Identify the type of settlements shown here and write about them.

Answer:
Fig. 1 is Urban settlement: Houses, schools shops are close to each other. Densely populated.
Fig. 2 is Linear settlement: Houses are built along the Mera Sakharkevda road in three to four rows.
Fig. 3 is a Scattered settlements: Houses are far from each other, sparse population, very little transport.
In Fig. 4 Linear settlements can be seen along the roads whereas scattered settlements also seen

Make friends with maps:

Observe Fig. and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Name some of the settlements shown in the map.
Answer:
Amalipada, Achalva, Sadadkua, Dumda, Pukhram, Rani Amba, Kumkua, Chapawadi, are some settlements shown in the map.

Question 2.
Which of the settlements in the map are in a scattered form?
Answer:
Pukhran, Achalva, Chapawadi and Sadadkua have scattered settlements.

Question 3.
How are the houses in the settlements along the roads arranged?
Answer:
Houses are arranged in a line on both sides of the roads. They are linear settlement.

Question 4.
In which settlements are the houses close together? What could be the reason behind this density?
Answer:
The houses in Sangarh are close together.
Reasons:

• Proximity to river
• Amenities like water pipeline, hospital, post office
• Easy access to transport routes like roads & railways which helps in easy movement of passengers & goods.

Question 5.
Can you now classify the settlements on the basis of these pattern?
Answer:

• Dunda, Sodadkua, Pukhran, etc. have scattered settlements
• Rani Amba is a linear settlement
• Songarh is a nucleated settlement.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 10 Human Settlements Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Human settlements flourished at places with favorable ________ conditions.
Answer:
geographic

Question 2.
In the early settlements, the occupation of the people were dependent on the locally available ________ resources.
Answer:
natural

Question 3.
People along the sea coast are engaged in _______.
Answer:
fishing

Question 4.
Settlements have provided man with _______.
Answer:
stability

Question 5.
In ______ settlements, houses are few and far from each other.
Answer:
scattered²

Question 6.
Increase in the population of rural settlements is the beginning of _________.
Answer:
urbanization

Question 7.
____ settlements are seen along roads, railways, rivers, sea coasts and foot hill regions, etc.
Answer:
Linear

Question 8.
In the deserts of Rajasthan we find _______ settlements.
Answer:
nucleated

Question 9.
_______ is the first step towards a stable life in human history.
Answer:
Rural settlement

Question 10.
Life in urban settlement is more _____.
Answer:
dynamic

Question 11.
_______ settlements have limited population as in small hamlets.
Answer:
Scattered

Complete the following sentence:

Question 1.
Human settlement flourished at places with favourable geographical conditions such as ______.
Answer:
availability of water, a conducive climate, fertile land, etc.

Question 2.
When rural area converts into urban area, the importance of secondary and tertiary occupations increases and _______.
Answer:
the proportion of people engaged in primary occupations decline

Question 3.
If the population and the necessary amenities increase on a large scale ______.
Answer:
the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities.

Question 4.
Patterns of human settlements evolve in _______.
Answer:
accordance with the natural conditions

Question 5.
Increase in population of rural settlements is ______.
Answer:
is the beginning of urbanization

Question 6.
The day to day food requirement of the urban population is _______.
Answer:
fulfilled by rural settlements

Question 7.
In the deserts of Rajasthan we find _______.
Answer:
nucleated settlements near assured sources of water

Question 8.
Linear settlements are seen along _______.
Answer:
roads, railways, rivers, sea coasts and in foothill regions

Question 9.
There are large scale correlations _______.
Answer:
between rural and urban settlements

Question 10.
Urban settlements have evolved through _______.
Answer:
the expansion² and growth of rural settlements

Match the column:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Limited population	(a) Linear settlements
(2) Tribal people	(b) Nucleated settlements
(3) Have better social life	(c) Scattered settlements
(4) On National or State highways	(d) Hamlets

Answer:
1 – c
2 – d
3 – b
4 – a

Identify the types of human settlements from the following statements:

Question 1.
These settlements are closer to nature, they are free from pollution.
Answer:
Scattered settlements.

Question 2.
Settlements found along the coastal tracts, major rivers and national or state highways.
Answer:
Linear settlements.

Question 3.
These settlements are found in fertile plains, transport hubs and mining centres, commercial centres.
Answer:
Nucleated settlements.

Question 4.
These settlements have limited population and inadequate facilities.
Answer:
Scattered settlements.

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Where do human settlements flourish?
Answer:
Human settlements flourish at places with favourable geographic conditions – such as availability of water, a conducive climate, fertile land, etc.

Question 2.
What did forest dwellers or tribal people use for their livelihood?
Answer:
Forest dwellers or tribal people used forest produce for their livelihood.

Question 3.
Where do the farmer & his family live?
Answer:
They live in a house built in or near the fields.

Question 4.
Which settlements are called rural settlements?
Answer:
The settlements where the original occupation of the majority of the people are based on natural resources are called rural settlements.

Question 5.
Wnen do the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities?
Answer:
When the population and the necessary amenities increase on a large scale, the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities.

Question 6.
Where do we find scattered settlements?
Answer:
Scattered settlements are found in the areas of high relief, dense forests, grasslands, hot deserts and extensive agricultural lands.

Question 7.
Where do we find nucleated settlements?
Answer:
Nucleated settlements are generally close to water sources like brooks, rivulets, rivers, lakes reservoirs, etc.

Question 8.
Where do we see Linear settlements?
Answer:
Linear settlements are seen along roads, railways, rivers, sea coasts, in foothill regions, etc.

Question 9.
What makes a city a metropolis?
Answer:
A metropolis is a large city or urban area, which is a significant economic, political and cultural center for a country or region and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce and communications.

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Where do human settlements flourish?
Answer:
Human settlements flourish at places with favourable geographic conditions – such as availability of water, a conducive climate, fertile land, etc.

Question 2.
What did forest dwellers or tribal people use for their livelihood?
Answer:
Forest dwellers or tribal people used forest produce for their livelihood.

Question 3.
Where do the farmer & his family live?
Answer:
They live in a house built in or near the fields.

Question 4.
Which settlements are called rural settlements?
Answer:
The settlements where the original occupation of the majority of the people are based on natural resources are called rural settlements.

Question 5.
When do the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities?
Answer:
When the population and the necessary amenities increase on a large scale, the urban areas grow into metropolitan cities.

Question 6.
Where do we find scattered settlements?
Answer:
Scattered settlements are found in the areas of high relief, dense forests, grasslands, hot deserts and extensive agricultural lands.

Question 7.
Where do we find nucleated settlements?
Answer:
Nucleated settlements are generally close to water sources like brooks, rivulets, rivers, lakes reservoirs, etc.

Question 8.
Where do we see Linear settlements?
Answer:
Linear settlements are seen along roads, railways, rivers, sea coasts, in foothill regions, etc.

Question 9.
What makes a city a metropolis?
Answer:
A metropolis is a large city or urban area, which is a significant economic, political and cultural center for a country or region and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce and communications.

Answer in short:

Question 1.
Distinguish between Scattered Settlements & Linear Settlements.
Answer:

Scattered Settlements	Linear Settlements
(i) In scattered settlements houses are far away from each other. (ii) There settlements have limited population as in small hamlets. (iii) These settlements are found in the areas of high relief, dense forest, grasslands, hot deserts and extensive agricultural land	(i) In Linear settlements houses are spread along a straight line. (ii) These settlements have comparatively more population. (iii) These settlements grow along the coastal tracts, major rivers, national or state highways, railways in the foothill regions, etc.

Question 2.
Describe Linear Settlements.
Answer:

• Linear settlements are seen along roads, railways, rivers, sea coast and in foothill regions, etc.
• Houses in these settlements are along a straight line, in a row.
• As the settlement grows in the course of time, multiple lines emerge.
• Besides houses, some shops can also be seen.
• Such settlements are found along the coastal tracts, major rivers and national of state highways in our country.

Question 3.
What leads to transformation of rural settlement into urban settlement?
Answer:
(i) The settlements where the original occupations of the majority of the people are based on natural resources are called rural settlements. Agriculture, fishery, etc. are some of these occupation

(ii) With the passage of time other associated occupations also develop gradually in these rural settlement.

(iii) As a result people from surrounding areas migrate & settle there leading to an increase in rural population.

(iv) Houses are built & different facilities are developed for the growing population.

(v) Importance of secondary & tertiary occupations increases & the proportion of primary occupations declines.

This process leads to the transformation of rural settlement into urban settlements

Question 4.
Describe man’s future plans in terms of settlements.
Answer:

• Man started using resources from the surroundings.
• Man constructed houses and started living in them.
• They have even built sky-scrapers.
• In future, man is thinking of constructing colonies on other planets and their satellites too.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 4.3 The Red-Headed League Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 4.3 The Red-Headed League

Class 7 English Chapter 4.3 The Red-Headed League Textbook Questions and Answers

Part-I

1. Find and write the descriptions of different people given in this story.

Red Headed League Questions And Answers Question 1.
Find and write the descriptions of different people given in this story.
Answer:
Character Sketch:
a. Sherlock Holmes: A private detective and the story’s protagonist. His keen observations and ability to reason allowing him to solve puzzles that astonish everyone. Sometimes quiet and contemplative, other times bursting with energy, he uses methods that can confuse and frustrate others. He is somewhat a mystery, rarely letting his thoughts known until he has already solved the crime.

b. Dr. John Watson: Sherlock Holmes’ partner and the story’s narrator. Good natured, brave and down-to-earth, Watson is Sherlock Holmes’ sidekick, even though he rarely helps Holmes actually solve any mysteries and Watson often mirrors the reader’s own confusion.

c. Jabez Wilson: A London pawn-broker, Jabez Wilson is an average man whose only remarkable feature is his lock of fiery red hair. His slow and trusting nature prevented him from seeing anything suspicious about either Vincent Spaulding or the preposterous Red-headed League.

d. John Clay / Vincent Spaulding: A notorious criminal working at Jabez Wilson’s pawnshop under the name of Vincent Spaulding. He is evil and haughty. John Clay catches the attention of Sherlock Holmes in spite of his clever plot.

e. Duncan Ross: John Clay’s partner-in-crime. Duncan’s red hair prompts John Clay to devise the Red-headed League to lure Wilson out of his pawnshop for four hours everyday.

2. Present Mr. Wilson’s story as it would be shown in a comic strip.

The Red-Headed League Questions And Answers  Question 1.
Write what picture you will show in each frame along with the dialogues. Write the dialogue with the help of the story. Examples:

Answer:
Frame 1.
Mr. Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson: Sir, why don’t you try for this job?

Frame 2.
Mr. Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson : It is to help the red-heads.

Frame 3.
Mr. Wilson’s shop
Spaulding to Wilson: They are paying handsomely. It will be an additional income for you.

Frame 4.
Mr. Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson: Sir, I will go along with you. Let’s give it a try.

Frame 5.
At Fleet Street:
Wilson to Spaulding: Just see! It is crowded with red-headed people. I don’t stand a chance.

Frame 6.
At Fleet Street:
Spaulding to Wilson: Sir, don’t be disheartened.

Frame 7.
At Fleet Street:
Spaulding to Wilson: Sir, stay by my side. I’ll push you into the office.

Frame 8.
At the office:
Wilson to Spaulding: At last, we are in the office, but there is no one except one man.

Frame 9.
At the office:
Spaulding to Wilson: Sir, you don’t worry. Just answer his questions confidently.

Frame 10.
Mr. Duncan Ross to Wilson:
I’m pleased with your confidence. I’m glad to announce that you have got the job.

Frame 11.
At Fleet Street:
Wilson to Ross: Thank you so much, Sir. I’m highly obliged.

Frame 12.
At the office:
Wilson to Ross: Sir, what am I supposed to do? How much will I be paid?

Frame 13.
At Fleet Street:
Ross to Wilson: You will have to copy the encylopedia Britannica. You will be paid four pounds a week. And: your timings will be from 10 am to 2 pm.

Frame 14.
At the office:
Wilson to Ross: Wonderful Sir, when do I start?

Frame 15.
At the office:
Ross to Wilson: Mr. Wilson, you begin from tomorrow.

Frame 16.
At the office:
Wilson to Ross: Sir, I will put my heart and soul into my job.
Ross to Wilson: You will have to begin with one letter A and go alphabetically.
Wilson to Ross: Ok, Sir.

Frame 17.
At Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson: How is your job going?
Wilson to Spaulding: Well I am enjoying it. Mr. Ross is visiting the office every day. He is very much particular about my timings.

Frame 18.
At the office:
Ross to Wilson: How are you finding your work? This is your salary.
Wilson to Ross: Thank you, Sir.

Frame 19.
At Wilson’s office:
Spaulding to Wilson: How are you Sir and how is your job going?
Wilson to Spaulding: It’s been 8 weeks and 1 am really enjoying. Now Mr. Ross has stopped coming to the office.

Frame 20.
At Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson: Good morning. What happened today? You did not go out?
Wilson to Spaulding: The office of the League is shut and locked. There is a note nailed on the door saying the League is dissolved.

Frame 21.
At Wilson’s shop:
Wilson to Spaulding: Do you know anything about the League?

Frame 22.
At Wilson’s shop:
Spaulding to Wilson: 1 am unaware about what happened.

Frame 23.
Wilson to himself:
I should find out more about the League. This is a mystery and I want to know why they played this prank upon me.

Frame 24.
Wilson to himself:
Sherlock Holmes will be the best person to solve this mystery. I will go to him.

3. Form groups of five. Discuss how you can complete the rest of the story without referring to Part II of the story.

The Red Headed League Questions And Answers  Question 1.
Form groups of five. Discuss how you can complete the rest of the story without referring to Part II of the story.
Answer:
Mr. Holmes and Watson try to think out why the League shut so abruptly. Holmes feels he should meet Wilson at home to ask some questions that were bothering him. When he reached Wilson’s house, he notices someone leaving the house. Mr. Holmes enquires about that person and understands that he was Wilson’s assistant. Mr. Holmes feels that he has seen the assistants face before.

Later, he checks on records and finds out that the assistant is none but a notorious criminal clay who was absconding. Mr. Holmes already had a sketch of Mr. Ross. On enquiring he came to know that Ross and Spaulding were very close. Mr. Holmes goes to Mr. Ross’ house and threatens him. Mr. Ross spills the beans, that he and Spaulding were going to rob Mr. Wilson the very next day. Mr. Holmes informs the police and both Spaulding and Ross are caught and put behind bars.

4. Language Study.

Modal auxiliary: You have read about main verbs and auxiliary verbs in Sid VI. You know that auxiliary verbs are helping verbs. Modal auxiliary verbs or modal verbs are also helping verbs. They are used with main verbs to show changes/modifications in the meaning of the main verb. They show possibility, ability, permission, intention, etc.
The modal auxiliaries are:

1. can, may, shall, will
2. could, might, should, would
3. must, ought to, used to, need, dare ………

Remember the following:

1. We do not use ‘to’ before a modal.
2. We do not add ‘-ed’ or ‘-Ing’ to a modal.
3. We can form questions and negative sentences using modals without using the auxiliaries be, have, or do.

Examples:

1. They can swim.
2. May I come In?
3. We shall sing.
4. Can he swim?
5. You may go.
6. She ought to play.
7. He cannot swim.
8. You must go.
9. They might come.

Frame simple sentences – statements, questions, requests. orders, permissions, etc. using the modals listed above.
Answer:

1. Take an umbrella. It may rain today.
2. You should not leave objects lying on the floor.
3. Drivers must stop when the traffic light is red.
4. Can you speak French?
5. I could not solve the problem.
6. May I ask you a question?
7. You may take a holiday today.
8. You should see a doctor.
9. I could run fast when I was young.
10. Can I go out?
11. You need not buy any vegetables.
12. Students shall not enter this room.
13. What should I do to get rid of this pain?

The Red Headed League Question Answer Part – II

1. Put the following events in proper order.

The Red-Headed League 7th Standard Question Answer  Question 1.
Holmes and others go to the bank.
Answer:
The bank received a lot of gold from the Bank of France.

Questions Answers Of Red Headed League Question 2.
Clay digs a tunnel.
Answer:
Clay digs a tunnel.

The Red Headed League Std 7  Question 3.
Ross closes the office of the ‘Red-headed League’.
Answer:
Ross closes the office of the ‘Red-headed League’.

The Red-Headed League 7th Standard Question 4.
Holmes catches the criminal Clay.
Answer:
Holmes visits the area around Mr. Wilson’s shop.

Std 7 English The Red Headed League  Question 5.
Clay and Ross enter the cellar to steal the gold.
Answer:
Holmes and others go to the bank.

The Red Headed League Questions And Answers  Question 6.
The bank received a lot of gold from the Bank of France.
Answer:
Clay and Ross enter the cellar to steal the gold.

The Red Headed League Question And Answer  Question 7.
Holmes visits the area around Mr. Wilson’s shop.
Answer:
Holmes catches the criminal Clay.

2. From the passage, find adverbs that end with ‘-ly’.

Question a.
From the passage, find adverbs that end with ‘-ly’. Find the adjective in each of the adverb
Answer:

 

Adverb	Adjective
frankly	frank
silently	Silent
carefully	careful
finally	final
suddenly	sudden
beautifully	beautiful

3. Discuss the following elements of a detective or mystery story.

Question a.
Discuss the following elements of a detective or mystery story.

1. a mystery
2. strange happenings
3. a smart detective who investigates the happenings
4. a crime/possibility of a crime
5. preventing the crime and catching the criminal.
6. characteristics of the victim
7. characteristics of the criminal
8. characteristics of the detective

Use the elements to prepare outlines of detective stories using your imagination. Write a story using any one of the outlines.
Answer:
Outline:

1. Disappearance of the ‘Will’.
2. Death of the head of the family.
3. Wife and two sons left behind.
4. ‘Will’ to be read before family members.
5. The elder brother in charge of the ‘Will’.
6. He makes excuses of misplacing the ‘Will’ and shows the photocopy of the ‘Will’.
7. The family lawyer insists on the original ‘Will’.
8. The elder brother keeps insisting on having lost the ‘Will’.
9. Mr. Karamchand, a clever and intelligent detective called.
10. The detective makes the necessary enquiries.
11. The elder brother, a gambler, a revelation.
12. The detective catches the elder brother in his own act.
13. The elder brother owns up.
14. The lawyer with the help of the detective prevents a big crime from being executed.

Caught in his own act:

The disappearance of the ‘Will’ was a mystery in the Patwardhan family. The disappearance of the ‘Will’ came to light when it had to be read by the family members after the death of senior Mr. Patwardhan. Mr. Patwardhan had left behind a lot of property and wealth. Mr. Patwardhan had left behind his wife and two sons. When the family lawyer enquired about the ‘Will’, Mrs Patwardhan said that she had given it to her elder son who had said that he would keep it safely. The younger son was unaware of the ‘Will’ made by his father.

When the lawyer of the family asked him if he had read his father’s ‘Will’, he realised what they were saying and asked his mother to show the ‘Will’, she said that it was with her elder son. When the elder son was asked about the ‘Will’, he started making excuses by saying he had misplaced the ‘Will’ and could not find it. The family lawyer insisted that the ‘Will’ be shown to the younger son.

The elder son brought a photocopy of the ‘Will’. The younger son and the family lawyer demanded the original ‘Will’. The elder son kept on making excuses and also said that the original ‘Will’ was lost. There was something in this situation which was a mystery. This is when the younger son hires a smart and intelligent detective, Mr. Karamchand. Mr. Karamchand makes a lot of enquiries and comes to know that the elder son was in the habit of gambling and was in a lot of debts.

Mr. Karamchand also came to know that the elder son was a very sweet talker and could twist and turn situations to his advantage. On the other hand, the younger brother was quite a simpleton who was happy with what he had, making it easier for the elder brother to manipulate him.

Their mother being quite old, had bouts of memory loss. This was another good reason for the elder son to do as he pleased. Mr. Karamchand, very cleverly got the truth out from the elder son. Mr. Karamchand informed the family lawyer, who in turn, demanded the original copy of the ‘Will’ from the elder son.

The lawyer also told him that it was a crime not to show the ‘Will’ to the family members. The elder brother showed the ‘Will’ to the younger brother. The younger brother read the ‘Will’ and handed it to the family lawyer without suspecting anything. The family lawyer went through the ‘Will’ and found out that the ‘Will’ had been tampered with. The dates and certain words were changed for the benefit of the elder brother.

After a lot of interrogation, the elder brother accepted the crime committed by him. The family lawyer rectified the changes made and now the younger brother got his share of property and wealth.

4. Use the following outline to develop a story as a group activity. Then write the story individually.

Question a.
Family returns home late at night ……………. hear conversation between thieves from inside the locked house ……………. family gets ready to counter …………….. attack …………… father opens the …………… door ……………. all enter ………….. no one is seen ……………… but T.V. is on detective serial midway.
Answer:
A Family Drama:
After attending the reception cum dinner of their close friend’s daughter, at the famous five star hotel ‘The Oberoi’, Mr. Pai and his family were returning home discussing the evening. Mr. and Mrs Pai along with their two children Suhani and Soham had attended the function. It was quite late at night, and to add to it, it began to rain making the surroundings dark and scary.

Mr. Pai drove the car cautiously and reached their colony safely. Mr. Pai parked the car while the others waited for him at the entrance of their building. It was still raining and the watchman was nowhere in sight. The common light in the building was not on. The way leading to their house was in darkness. Somehow they gropped their way to the second floor, where they lived. As they reached their house, Mr. Pai felt that he heard footsteps and whispering coming from inside their house. He asked his wife to listen carefully and she too agreed that there was whispering. The conversation indicated robbers searching for valuables. There was no light in their house.

Mr. Pai was an army officer. He asked his family members to stand behind him and he opened the main door very slowly. He could hear conversation and movements too. He slowly went towards the bedroom from where the conversation was coming. The door was closed.

He took out his revolver and pushed the door open quickly only to understand that the conversation was from the T.V. serial ‘Crime Patrol’. He then remembered that he had been watching T.V. before leaving home and had forgotten to switch it off. The other family members who had followed him gave a huge sigh of relief.

5. Language Study.

Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms: Synonyms are the words from the same language that have the same or more or less the same meaning.
Examples:

1. good – nice – pretty
2. shut – closed – sealed
3. intelligent – bright

Antonyms are words from the same language that have opposite meanings.
Examples :

1. strong – weak
2. right – wrong
3. hard – soft
4. up – down

Homonyms are words that are spelt and pronounced in the same way but
have different meaning.
Examples

1. round adjective. – round noun.
2. walk noun. – walk verb.

Start a collection of synonyms, antonyms and homonyms. Collect at least 50 each. Keep adding to your selection.
Answer:
Examples of Synonyms:

1. advice – help – guidance – aid
2. argument – dispute – squabble
3. aromatic – fragrant
4. backbone – spine
5. choosy – picky
6. constant – fixed
7. defective – faulty
8. enormous – huge – immense
9. famous – popular – renowned
10. fantastic – great – brilliant

Examples of Antonyms:

1. predator × prey
2. employer × employee
3. former × latter
4. exhale × inhale
5. natural × artificial

Examples of homonyms:

1. bark (n) – bark (y)
2. bow (n) – bow (y)
3. clear (adj) – clear (y)
4. current (adj) – current (n)
5. fair (adj) – fair (n)

Class 7 English Chapter 4.3 The Red-Headed League Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions:

The Red-Headed League Questions And Answers Pdf  Question 1.
Who was well suited for the job?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson was well suited for the job.

The Red Headed League Answers  Question 2.
What would you suggest/advice Mr. Wilson to do in the given situation?
Answer:
The best thing to do when you know a crime is being committed or you are being cheated is to go to the lawful authority. I would suggest/ advice Mr. Wilson to go to the police and file a complaint against the people who had cheated him. It is better to do so rather than taking matters into your own hands and make the situation worse.

The Red-Headed League Book Back Answers Question 3.
What did Holmes want to see? Why?
Answer:
Holmes wanted to see the knees of Mr. Spaulding’s trousers. It was to see if thery were dirty.

The Red Headed League Class 7  Question 4.
Guess where Mr. Merryweather took the others.
Answer:
Mr. Merryweather led the others through an iron gate, down a narrow passage, that led through a dark, passage into a huge cellar, full of big boxes.

The Red Headed League 7th Standard Question 5.
How did Mr. Merryweather come to know about the crime?
Answer:
Mr. Merryweather got a hint of the crime from Mr. Sherlock Holmes.

The Red Headed League Class 8 Question Answer Question 6.
Why did Mr. Holmes think the criminals would act that night?
Answer:
Mr. Holmes had a strong feeling that the criminals would act that night because it was a Friday and the banks and offices would be closed for the weekend making the work of the criminals easier.

Question 7.
How did the criminals enter the cellar?
Answer:
The criminals had made a square gash on the wall which separated Mr. Wilson’s house and the bank’s cellar. They removed a broad stone which left a square hole enabling the criminals to enter into the cellar.

Question 8.
Who were the two criminals?
Answer:
The two criminals were none other than Mr. Vincent Spaulding alias Clay and Mr. Duncan Ross.

Question 9.
Why did Holmes become suspicious?
Answer:
Mr. Holmes became suspicious when he heard that Mr. Spaulding, Mr. Wilson’s assistant worked for only half the wages.

Question 10.
How did Holmes find out that the assistant was a criminal?
Answer:
Mr. Holmes used Mr. Wilson’s description of his assistant, made further enquiries and found out that Mr. Spaulding was none other than Clay, a criminal.

Question 11.
How did Mr. Holmes guess that Mr. Spaulding was digging a tunnel?
Answer:
Mr. Holmes suspected that Mr. Spaulding was digging a tunnel because when Mr. Spaulding Clay. answered the doorbell, the knees of his trousers were wrinkled and stained and this confirmed his suspicion.

Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Question 1.
Simple Factual Questions:
Match the columns.

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
Mr. Hopkins	Representative of the Red-headed league
Mr. Wilson	American Millionaire
Vincent Spaulding	Pawnbroker
Mr. Duncan Ross	Assistant to Wilson

Answer:

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
Mr. Hopkins	American Millionaire
Mr. Wilson	Pawnbroker
Vincent Spaulding	Assistant to Wilson
Mr. Duncan Ross	Representative of the Red-headed league

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Why did Wilson like his assistant Spaulding?
Answer:
Wilson liked his assistant Spaulding as he was smart, efficient and worked for only half the normal wages.

Question 2.
Why was Fleet Street full of red-headed people?
Answer:
There was an advertisement in the newspaper calling red-headed people in person to apply for a job at the office of the league. As the office was on Fleet Street, it was full of red-headed people.

Question 3.
What did Mr. Wilson think looking at the crowd?
Answer:
Seeing the crowd of red-headed people on the street, Mr. Wilson lost all hope of getting the job. Hence he wanted to go back.

Question 4.
What happened when Mr. Duncan Ross saw Mr. Wilson?
Answer:
Mr. Duncan was very pleased to see Mr. Wilson and announced immediately that he was well situated for the job. He sent back all the other candidates.

Question 5.
Why did Mr. Wilson accept the job?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson accepted the job because the pay was not only very good but also Spaulding assured Mr. Wilson that he would look after Mr. Wilson’s business in his absence.

Vocabulary.

Question 1.
Make 4 words of minimum 4 letters from the given words.
1. advertisement
2. representative
Answer:
1. adverse, verse, meant, said
2. present, pretest, native, resent

Question 2.
Give nouns form.

1. smart
2. efficient
3. develop
4. sat
5. announce
6. explain.

Answer:

1. smartness
2. efficiency
3. development
4. seat
5. announcement
6. explanation

Grammar.

Question 1.
There was nothing in the office but a couple of chairs and a table. Remove negative.
Answer:
There were only a couple of chairs and a table in the office.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Who do you think is smarter – Mr. Wilson or his assistant?
Answer:
I think Mr. Wilson’s assistant, Spaulding was smarter. It was he who showed the advertisement to Mr. Wilson and urged and encouraged him to apply for the job. Seeing the large number of people trying to get the job, Mr. Wilson wanted to go back but spaulding pushed through the crowed and took him inside the office and saw to it that he got the job.

Question 2.
Would you like to do such a job?
Answer:
I would not like to do such a meaningless mundane and uninteresting job. Jobs should be interesting, challenging and provide scope for further learning and application of different skills which is totally absent in the job taken up by Mr. Wilson.

Question 3.
Why would anyone want to copy an encyclopedia?
Answer:
No one in their right sense would copy an encyclopedia/ However, for reference in some study, students as well as teachers could copy down specific matter they need. In the same very, someone who is challenging some matter given or want to upgrade it can copy relevant portion of an encyclopedia.

Question 4.
What would we do today, if we needed copies of text from a big book?
Answer:
Today, one would just take a photocopy xerox. of the required material.

Question 5.
What is the difference between a dictionary and an encyclopedia?
Answer:
An encyclopedia is a set of books with a collection of information about various topics and subjects while a dictionary contains meanings of different words. Both are arranged in alphabetical order.

Question 6.
Suggest a few words that may appear under ‘A’ after ‘Archery’ in an encyclopedia.
Answer:
Words that may appear under ‘A’ after ‘Archery’ in an encyclopedia could be as follows: architect, aromatics, asparagus, assassinator, astrobiologist, astrophysical, etc.

Simple Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Complete the following.

1. And then suddenly the whole ……………
2. The rooms had been rented ……………
3. Holmes found Mr. Wilson’s story ……………
4. Small, stout, with ……………

Answer:

1. business came to an end.
2. under a false name
3. very unusual
4. no hair on his face

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Why was Mr. Wilson shocked?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson has been working for eight weeks and as usual when he reached the office at ten o’ clock, he found the door shut and locked. He found a little note nailed on, it which said that the Red-headed league was dissolved. This shocked him.

Question 2.
What did Mr. Wilson do next?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson enquired at the nearly offices, but no one knew anything about the league.

Question 3.
Why did Mr. Wilson go to Mr. Holmes?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson felt cheated when he suddenly lost his job with a good pay. He was curious to find out about the league and why they played a prank upon him. He had also heard about the ability of Mr. Holmes to solve mysteries.

Question 4.
How did Mr. Wilson describe his assistant?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson described his assistant as small, stout, with no hair an his face and had a white splash of acid on his forehead.

Question 5.
What kind of a man was Mr. Wilson?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson was a simpleton. He could be easily taken for a ride. He was hardworking and diligent.

Vocabulary.

Question 1.
Give one word for the following.

1. sincerely and tirelessly
2. A playful trick that causes no harm
3. Something which cannot be explained
4. happening quickly and unexpectedly
5. Solidly built

Answer:

1. diligently
2. prank
3. mystery
4. suddenly
5. stout

Question 2.
Frame a sentence of your own with ‘diligently’.
Answer:
We must always work diligently.

Grammar.

Question 1.
On Saturday I got my salary. (Identify the subject and predicate)
Answer:
Subject-I
Predicate – got my salary on Saturday

Question 2.
I had written Abbots, Archery etc. (Begin with ‘Abbots…’)
Answer:
Abbots, Archery etc. had been written by me.

Question 3.
He did not come at all. Add a question tag.
Answer:
He did not come at all, did he?

Question 4.
Mr. Wilson wrote diligently for four hours. (Identify the part of speech of the underlined words)
Answer:
diligently – adverb
four – adjective

Question 5.
He locked the door of the office. (End with ‘……. the office’)
Answer:
Didn’t he lock the door of the office?

Personal Response.

Question 1.
What would you advice Mr. Wilson to do in the given situation?
Answer:
I feel Mr. Wilson made the right decision to take the help of Mr. Holmes about whom he had heard a lot.

Simple Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Complete the following.

1. Mr. Holmes asked ……………
2. The offices and banks will be ……………
3. We followed him down a ……………
4. We are in the cellar of the city branch of ……………

Answer:

1. the way to the Strand
2. closed for the weekend
3. narrow passage
4. one of the main banks of London

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Tell the name of the young man who opened the door to Mr. Holmes.
Answer:
The young man who opened the door to Mr. Holmes was his assistant Mr. Vincent Spaulding.

Question 2.
What announcement did Mr. Holmes make?
Answer:
Mr. Holmes announced that they were going to hunt one of the smartest criminals in London.

Vocabulary.

Question 1.
Provide suitable adjective to the nouns given below.

1. weekend
2. banker
3. road
4. passage

Answer:

1. long weekend
2. successful banker
3. busy road
4. interesting passage

Grammar.

Question 1.
We went to the square were Mr. Wilson had his shop. (Change into future tense.)
Answer:
We will go to the square where Mr. Wilson has his shop.

Question 2.
We followed him down a narrow passage. (Rewrite the sentence beginning…. He was followed….)
Answer:
He was followed by us down a narrow passage.

Personal Response.

Question 1.
Why did the criminals take interest in the cellar?
Answer:
Mr. Merryweather’s banks had borrowed a huge quantity of gold from the Bank of France and the boxes in the cellar were full of gold. Hence the criminals were interested in the cellar.

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Was Clay successful in using his revolver? Why?
Answer:
No, Clay was not successful in using his revolver because Mr. Holmes at once hit him on his wrist and the revolver fell on the floor.

Question 2.
Who came out of the square hole?
Answer:
Mr. Spaulding and Mr. Ross came out of the square hole.

Grammar.

Question 1.
A boyish face emerged. (Pick out the adjective)
Answer:
boyish

Question 2.
He had a companion with him. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
He had a companion with him, didn’t he?

Personal Response.

Question 1.
Who tried to get away? Do you think he was able to escape? Why?
Answer:
Mr. Duncan Ross tried to get away. But, he was not successful in escaping because there were three men waiting for him at the other end.

Simple Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Say if the statements are true or false.

1. Dr. Watson foiled one of the cunning attempts at bank robbery.
2. Using the tunnel they entered the bank.
3. The assistant working for half the wages made Mr. Holmes suspicious.

Answer:

1. False. It was’t Dr. Watson, if was Holmes,
2. False
3. True

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Why did Mr. Merryweather thank Mr. Holmes?
Answer:
Mr. Merryweather thanked Mr. Holmes as he had foiled one of the most cunning attempts at banks robbery.

Question 2.
What was strange about the advertisement?
Answer:
The advertisement and the peculiar job was purly to get Mr. Wilson away from his shop for some hours every day.

Question 3.
Why did clay and his companion dig the underground tunnel?
Answer:
Clay and his companion dug the underground tunnel to enter the bank and steal the gold without breaking open the doors of the bank.

Question 4.
What confirmed Mr. Holmes’ suspicion?
Answer:
When clay answered the bell, the knees of his trousers were wrinkled and stained, this confirmed his suspicion that he was digging.

Question 5.
“You reasoned it out beautifully!” Express it differently.
Answer:
You solved the puzzle very logically.
or
You connected the dots beautifully.

Vocabulary.

Question 1.
Averbs forms of.

1. thank
2. grateful
3. obvious
4. suspicious
5. admiration

Answer:

1. thankfully
2. gratefully
3. obviously
4. suspiciously
5. admirably

Grammar.

Question 1.
Pick four adjectives from the passage.
Answer:
cunning, cleaver, suspicious, beautifully

Personal Response.

Question 1.
Explain the trick of the ‘Red-headed League’. How was it related to Mr. Wilson’s hair?
Answer:
The ‘Red-headed League’ was a clever idea of Mr. Spaulding and Mr. Ross, to keep away Mr. Wilson from his own home for some time during the day so that they could dig a tunnel from Mr. Wilson’s house to the bank in the hope of stealing the gold from the bank without breaking open the doors of the bank. The ‘Red-headed League’ was no way connected to Mr. Wilson’s hair. It was just a way to get Mr. Wilson to apply for the job.

Language Study.

Question 1.
Complete the exercise by filling in with the right modals.

1. You …………… be late again, (mustn’t / needn’t)
2. You …………… do it now; you can finish it later. (mustn’t / needn’t)
3. I think you ……………….. see a doctor, (should / can)
4. …………… you help me? (May / Will)
5. Students ……………… arrive to class on time, (can / must)
6. I ……………. eat or I’ll faint, (ought to / would)

Answer:

1. mustn’t
2. needn’t
3. should
4. Will
5. must
6. ought to

Question 2.

1. The ……………. (fare/fair) in the village was breathtaking. Fill in with the correct homophone.
2. Mohan won a ……………. (meddle / medal) in the swimming competition. Fill in with the correct homophone.
3. When it …………….(rains/reins), it pours. Fill with the correct word.
4. We were early but they were ……………. (Fill in with the antonym of the underlined word)
5. I (heard / herd) that the assistant worked for half the wages. (Cross out the wrong word)
6. They planned to steal the gold. (Frame a ‘Wh’ question so as to get the underlined words as the answer)

Answer:

1. fair
2. medal
3. rains
4. late
5. herd

Formative Assessment.

Question 1.
What do you have to do when you are told to ‘apply in person’ ?
Answer:

1. i. Before applying for a job in person, it’s necessary to check out who is hiring.
2. ii. Take time to research the employers before applying for jobs in person.
3. iii. You have to know what you need to take when you go there.
4. iv. The information youll need to complete a job application.
5. v. How to prepare for, on the spot interview.
6. vi. These points will guide you to provide all the information you need to apply in person, make a good impression and successfully get hired.

Question 2.
Find samples of ‘classified ads’ from an English newspaper. Where will the advertisement given here be seen in the classifieds?
Answer:
Samples of classified ads from The Times of India:

The advertisement given in the story will be seen in ‘Situations Vacant’ or ‘Part Time Jobs’.

Question 3.
Find out how photographs were developed in those days.
Answer:
Louis Daguerre was the inventor of the first practical process of photography.
Steps followed:

1. Fix the image on a sheet of silver plate.
2. Polish silver plate and coat it in iodine.
3. Put plate in camera and expose it for a few minutes.
4. Once image is painted by light, the plate is put into a solution of silver chloride.
5. This process will create an image that would last a long time and will not get exposed to light.
6. Students should find out more methods of photography.

The Red-Headed League Summary in English

This story is filled with mystery and suspense which keeps the reader wanting to know more. It is about a pawn-broker named Mr. Wilson, who goes to Sherlock Holmes and Watson and tells them about a strange business with a red-haired man. He tells them how his assistant encouraged him to apply for the job which he got. He worked for eight weeks. Suddenly the office closed without any notice. Holmes’ detective mind finds something fishy about the happenings as narrated by Mr. Wilson. The story ends with Mr. Wilson’s assistant Mr. Spaulding being a criminal, and he along with his friend Mr. Ross had planned to rob gold from a bank, through an underground tunnel dug out from Wilson’s house to the bank. However, Sherlock Holmes foiled their plan and put them behind bars.

Introduction:

The lesson The Red-Headed League’ is one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes’ short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It involves mystery and suspense.

Glossary:

1. fiery (adj) – glowing
2. pawn-broker (n) – a person who lends money on interest against things of value
3. efficient (adj) – able to work well and produce good results
4. assured (v) – guaranteed
5. diligently (adv) – carefully, sincerely
6. bade (v) – to tell
7. dissolved (v) – disbanded (here) it means the organization was closed down.
8. league (n) – an association or a formal group of people.
9. prank (n)- playful trick that causes no harm.
10. foiled (v) – laid waste, prevented
11. splash (n) – sound made by something hitting the surface of some liquid.
12. Strand (n) – a famous place in London
13. cellar (n) – a room used for storage under a building
14. take the criminals by surprise (phr) – catch then when they least expect it.
15. object (v) – purpose, reason
16. stopped all the holes (phr) – closed all the routes by which criminal may escape/run away
17. seized by the collar (phr) – hold by the neck
18. Frank (adj) – honest and outspoken
19. gash (n) – a long deep cut
20. attempt (v) – to endeavour to do, to try