Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Important Questions Chapter 1 First Farmers Important Questions and Answers.
Maharashtra State Board 11th History Important Questions Chapter 1 First Farmers
1A. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.
Question 1.
____________ made the first stone tools.
(a) Homo erectus
(b) Home sapiens
(c) Homo habilis
(d) Homo phones
Answer:
(c) Homo habilis
Question 2.
Microliths were found in ____________ age.
(a) Neolithic
(b) Chalcolithic
(c) Mesolithic
(d) Palaeolithic
Answer:
(c) Mesolithic
Question 3.
Pasting wet clay ribbons and making patterns on them is known as ____________ work.
(a) application
(b) applique
(c) apply
(d) amalgamation
Answer:
(b) applique
Question 4.
In ____________ mesolithic man existed during 10000-4000 B.C.E.
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Bihar
(d) Northeast India
Answer:
(b) Maharashtra
Question 5.
A ____________ site was found at Lahuradeva in Sant Kabirnagar district of Uttar Pradesh.
(a) Palaeolithic
(b) Mesolithic
(c) Neolithic
(d) Chalcolithic
Answer:
(c) Neolithic
1B. Find the incorrect pair from set ‘B’ and write the correct ones.
Question 1.
| Set ‘A’ | Set ‘B’ |
| (a) Egypt | Misra |
| (b) China | Sorrow |
| (c) Mesopotamia | First One |
| (d) Sindhu | Indus |
Answer:
(c) Mesopotamia – Middle One
Question 2.
| Set ‘A’ | Set ‘B’ |
| (a) First Neolithic villages | 6000 B.C.E |
| (b) Agriculture in Neolithic villages in China | 7000 B.C.E |
| (c) Existence of Mesolithic man | 3000 B.C.E |
| (d) Neolithic settlements in Bihar | 2000 B.C.E |
Answer:
(c) Existence of Mesolithic man – 10000-4000
Question 3.
| Set ‘A’ | Set ‘B’ |
| (a) Original name of Egypt | Kemet |
| (b) Arabic name of Egypt | Misra |
| (c) Greek name of Egypt | Egyptus |
| (d) English translation of Huang He | Hwat-ka-Pta |
Answer:
(d) English translation of Huang He – Yellow River
1C. Find the odd one out.
Question 1.
Countries with ancient civilizations:
(a) Egypt
(b) China
(c) India
(d) England
Answer:
(d) England
Question 2.
Mesolithic tools:
(a) Fluted Core
(b) Screwdriver
(c) Blades
(d) Arrowheads
Answer:
(b) Screwdriver
Question 3.
Archaeological sites:
(a) Gilgal
(b) Inamgaon
(c) Aurangabad
(d) Lahuradeva
Answer:
(c) Aurangabad
Question 4.
Egypt originally known as:
(a) Kemet
(b) Huang He
(c) Hwat-ka-Pta
(d) Egyptus
Answer:
(a) Kemet
2A. Write the names of historical places, persons, and events.
Question 1.
Species who made the first stone tools.
Answer:
Homo Habilis
Question 2.
Palaeolithic Campsite near the Sea of Galilee.
Answer:
Ohalo
Question 3.
The region between the Tigris and Euphrates.
Answer:
Mesopotamia
Question 4.
The valley of the Nile.
Answer:
Egypt
Question 5.
The original name of Egypt.
Answer:
Kemet
Question 6.
The Arabic name of Egypt.
Answer:
Misra
Question 7.
The valley of the Huang He.
Answer:
China
Question 8.
The English translation of the Huang He.
Answer:
Yellow River
Question 9.
Palestinian city on the banks of the river Jordan.
Answer:
Jericho
Question 10.
Mesolithic culture of Japan
Answer:
Jomon
2B. Choose the correct reason and complete the sentence.
Question 1.
Huang He earned the name ‘Sorrow’ or ‘River of Tears’ ____________
(a) of the yellow silt
(b) Mother of Chinese culture
(c) the torrential floods caused great loss to life and assets.
(d) it flows from the Himalayas
Answer:
(c) the torrential floods caused great loss to life and assets.
Question 2.
Egypt got the name ‘Kemet’ ____________
(a) of the black soil that was deposited by the Nile floods
(b) it means Temple of God
(c) it was the beginning of agriculture
(d) because of the decipherment of the Rosetta stone
Answer:
(a) of the black soil that was deposited by the Nile floods.
Question 3.
The site of Mehrgarh is of great importance among ____________
(a) Neolithic villages in Indian Subcontinents established by farmers
(b) Mesolithic man that existed during 10000 – 4000 B.C.E.
(c) The farmers that cultivate the barley and wheat
(d) Chalcolithic people of Maharashtra
Answer:
(a) Neolithic villages in Indian Subcontinents established by farmers.
Question 4.
The first neolithic villages in Egypt came into ____________
(a) about 5000 B.C.E
(b) about 6000 B.C.E
(c) about 7000 B.C.E
(d) about 8000 B.C.E
Answer:
(b) about 6000 B.C.E
2C. Write correct chronological order.
Question 1.
(a) Making of microliths
(b) Beginning of the Neolithic age
(c) Beginning of the ‘Holocene’ epoch
(d) Beginning of agriculture and domestication of animals
Answer:
(a) Beginning of the ‘Holocene’ epoch.
(b) Making of microliths
(c) Beginning of the Neolithic age
(d) Beginning of agriculture and domestication of animals
Question 2.
(a) Increase in water bodies
(b) Availability of animals and vegetation for food increased
(c) Beginning of Holocene glaciers
(d) Glaciers began to melt
Answer:
(a) Beginning of Holocene glaciers
(b) Glaciers began to melt
(c) Increase in water bodies
(d) Availability of animals and vegetation for food increased
Question 3.
(a) Neolithic settlements in Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Neolithic settlements in Uttar Pradesh
(c) Neolithic settlements in Bihar
(d) Neolithic settlements in Northeast India
Answer:
(a) Neolithic settlements in Bihar
(b) Neolithic settlements in Jammu and Kashmir
(c) Neolithic settlements in Northeast India
(d) Neolithic settlements in Uttar Pradesh
Question 4.
Stages of Bead Making:
(a) To know the sources of siliceous stones and chank shells
(b) To manufacture finished beads from the stones of irregular shape and the core of chank shells
(c) To transport the raw material to the manufacturing site
(d) To obtain the raw material
Answer:
(a) To know the sources of siliceous stones and chank shells
(b) To obtain the raw material
(c) To transport the raw material to the manufacturing site
(d) To manufacture finished beads from the stones of irregular shape and the core of chank shells
3. Observe the map on page 2 of your textbook and answer the following questions based on it.
Question 1.
Name the different continents seen on the map.
Answer:
Asia, Africa, Europe, and Australia are the continents seen on the map.
Question 2.
Name the ocean in the north of Asia.
Answer:
The Arctic Ocean is in the north of Asia.
4. Complete the concept maps.
Question 1.
Answer:
Question 2.
Answer:
Question 3.
Answer:
5. Write short notes.
Question 1.
Paleolithic camp ‘Ohalo’
Answer:
- ‘Ohalo’ is a Palaeolithic campsite near the Sea of Galilee.
- At Ohalo the evidence of barley, other cereals, and seeds of fruits have been found, along with traces of human occupation.
- Various weeds, in the form of seeds, have been found with cultivated crops.
- Cereals found at Ohalo were remains of cultivated crops and not of the wild variety.
- Grinding stones found from Ohalo, reveal that cereals were first ground (grinding) and then cooked.
6. Explain the statements with reasons.
Question 1.
Ancient pottery throws light on various aspects of ancient cultures.
Answer:
- In all stages of pottery-making, we can understand the class of skilled potters, who were equipped with essential knowledge of pottery making.
- Ancient pottery throws light on various aspects of ancient cultures.
- We get to know about the cultural history, the material richness of the place, from where it was found.
- We can also know the contacts of the residents of a place with other cultures.
7. State your opinion.
Question 1.
The process of urbanisation began in the Neolithic age.
Answer:
- Settling down at one place for a long time, a feeling of ownership arose among the neolithic people.
- Gradually villages expanded, creating awareness of collective land holdings, making village boundaries prominent.
- Awareness of the natural right over a particular region, known as ‘territoriality’ arose.
- Rules and social norms were created to manage the collective resources, water resources, crafts, dependent on it, trade, and community life, resulting in rituals gaining importance.
- Administrative centers rose to manage and keep records of trade, rituals, and writing systems.
- With the increase in population, officials, and occupations, the periphery of the original settlement kept expanding, cities came into existence and the process of urbanisation began in the Neolithic age.
8. Answer the following questions with the help of given points.
Question 1.
Write a short note on River Valley civilisations.
(a) The valley of Euphrates and Tigris – Mesopotamia.
(b) The valley of Nile – Egypt
(c) The valley of Huang He – China
(d) The valleys of Sindhu (Indus) and Saraswati – India
Answer:
The progress in the techniques of systematic cultivation resulted in the rise of the most ancient river valley civilisations of the Neolithic age. The river valley civilisations grew in four regions of the world. Those regions were Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indian Subcontinent, and China.
(a) The valley of Euphrates and Tigris – Mesopotamia: Mesopotamia is the Greek name of the region between the two rivers, Tigris and Euphrates. Mesos means the ‘middle one’. Potamos means ‘river’. The region between the two rivers is ‘Mesopotamia’. The Mesolithic people began to stay in this region for longer times because of the availability of ample water. Ancient Mesopotamia included modern Iraq, Syria as well as the western regions of Iran and south-eastern regions of Turkey. The camps of Mesolithic people developed into the first settled neolithic villages. These .first villages are dated to 10000 years B.C.E.
(b) The valley of Nile – Egypt: Napoleon Bonaparte had taken along many scholars from various fields during his invasion of Egypt in 1798. They studied the ancient remains in Egypt and published it. These studies received momentum because of the decipherment of the Rosetta inscriptions. The first neolithic villages in Egypt came into being at about 6000 B.C.E. The beginning of agriculture in Egypt coincides with the same time.
(c) The valley of Huang He – China: The valley of Huang He River is considered to be the v region of origin of the Chinese culture. The Chinese culture evolved here. Agriculture in the neolithic villages of China began at about 7000 B.C.E. Wheat, foxtail millet, and rice was grown by the farmers in these villages.
(d) The valleys of Sindhu (Indus) and Saraswati – Indian subcontinent: The region of the valleys of Sindhu and Saraswati is now divided between India and Pakistan. The archaeological excavations at Harappa on the banks of Ravi in Punjab and Mohenjo Daro on the banks of Sindhu in Sindh indicate the existence of a fully developed civilisation in the Indian subcontinent which was dated to circa 3000 B.C.E. It proves that there were well-settled villages in the Indian subcontinent as early as 8000 B.C.E. There is a general consensus among the scholars that the Harappan cities evolved from these early villages.
Question 2.
Explain the concept with the help of the following points:
(a) Origin of Egypt
(b) Yellow River
(c) Fluted core technique
Answer:
(a) Origin of Egypt: Egypt was originally known as ‘Kemet’. Egypt got this name because of ‘ the black soil that was deposited by the Nile floods. Later Egypt came to be known as ‘Hewat-ka- Pta’. It means the temple of God. The Greeks changed it to ‘Egyptus’. In the course of time, it was changed to ‘Egypt’. The Arabic name of Egypt is ‘Misra’.
(b) Yellow River: Yellow River’ is the English translation of the Chinese name ‘Huang He’. The yellow silt brought by her has earned her this name. ‘River’ and ‘Mother’ are her other names. These names indicate her extraordinary place in Chinese culture. The name ‘River’ indicates that she is considered to be the only river of importance. The fact that she is considered to be the mother of the Chinese culture is obvious in the name, ‘Mother’.
(c) Fluted core technique: The blades used for Mesolithic tools were removed from Siliceous stones by the technique known as ‘Fluted Core Technique’. These blades are as tiny as our fingernails. So they are called ‘Microliths’. The Mesolithic people used wooden arrows fixed with microlithic arrowheads.
Question 3.
Explain some Neolithic Sites in India.
Answer:
Some important Neolithic sites in India are as follows:
(a) The northwest region of the Indian continent: Phase I (7000- 6000 B.C.E.) No evidence of pottery (earthen pots). Phase II (6000-4000 B.C.E.) Beginning of pottery making, e.g. Mehrgarh.
(b) Jammu and Kashmir: In Jammu and Kashmir, around 2500 B.C.E. neolithic settlements were established at the sites of Burzhom and Gufkral.
(c) Uttar Pradesh: In Uttar Pradesh, around 6000 B.C.E. neolithic settlements were established at the sites of Chopani Mando, Koldihwa, and Mahagara.
(d) Bihar: In Bihar, around 2000 B.C.E. Neolithic settlements were established. It includes the sites like Chirand, Senuwar, etc.
(e) Northeast India: The evidence of neolithic settlement was first discovered at the site of Daojali Hading in Assam. The village was established around 2700 B.C.E. The neolithic tools found here show more affinity to neolithic tools found in China.
(f) South India: The neolithic settlements in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu first came into being around 4th – 3rd century B.C.E. Karnatak sites – Sangankallu, Maski, Brahmagiri, Tekkalkota, Piklihal, Hallur, etc. Andhra Pradesh site – Nagarjunikonda. Tamilnadu – Payyampalli.