Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India

Class 8 English Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the Preamble of the Constitution of India given in your textbook. Pick out words that refer to the following.

1. Brotherhood
2. Freedom
3. Earnestly and seriously
4. Fair and impartial treatment
5. Having supreme authority
6. Unity and oneness
7. A promise made to oneself

Answer:

1. Brotherhood: fraternity
2. Freedom: liberty
3. Earnestly and seriously: solemnly
4. Fair and impartial treatment: equality
5. Having supreme authority: sovereign
6. Unity and oneness: integrity
7. A promise made to oneself: resolve

2. Finite and Non- finite Verbs:
Verbs are action words. They can be Finite or Non-finite.
Read the sentences below, focusing on the verbs.
(a) I play football.
(b) He plays football.
(c) They play football.
(d) Manish plays football.
We notice that the verb ‘play’ as we change the person (First I Second /Third) or Number (Singular/Plural) of the Subject.
When the use of a verb is limited by the Person or Number of the Noun/Pronoun in the Subject, we call it a Finite Verb.
Now read the sentences below.
(a) I like to play football.
(b) He likes to play football.
(c) They like playing football.
(d) Manish likes to play football.
In the sentences above the verb ‘to play’ or ‘playing’ does not change or take ‘-s’ or ‘-es’ after them, even when we change the Person or Number of the Subject.
to + verb, I verb + ing/verb + en I ed/having + verb + en I ed are not limited by their Subject. Such verbs are called Non-finite Verbs.

1. Complete Dr APJ Abdul Kolum’s profile with information picked from the lesson:
Profile – Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
a. Title: …….
b. Profession: ………
c. Branch of science: ……..
d. Important position in Government held: ………..
e. His three visions for India: ……..
Answer:
a. Title: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
b. Profession: Missile scientist.
c. Branch of Science: Physics and Aerospace Engineering.
d. An important position in government-held: 11th President of India.
e. His three visions for India: Freedom, Development, and Standing Up to the rest of the World.

2. Using a dictionary/internet note down the main differences between:

Question a.
a developing nation and a developed nation
Answer:
(i) a developing nation: a country that is poor and whose citizens are mostly agricultural workers, and the average income is very low.
(ii) a developed nation: a country with a lot of industrial activity, high economic growth and where people have high incomes.

Question b.
self-reliant and self-assured
Answer:
(i) self-reliant: not needing help or support from other peoples
(ii) self-assured-having confidence in yourself.

Question c.
our strengths and our achievements
Answer:
(i) our strengths – the qualities and abilities that we have which are an advantage to us, or which make us successful.
(ii) our achievements – our successes or accomplishments.

Question d.
farm and granary
Answer:
(i) farm – a large area used for growing crops/flowers, etc.
(ii) granary – a storehouse for grain

Question e.
a remote-sensing satellite and a natural satellite
Answer:
(i) a remote-sensing satellite – artificial (man-made) satellites with remote sensors which have been launched into space to measure various things.
(ii) a natural satellite – any celestial body in space that orbits around a larger body.

3. Find evidence from the lesson and write in your own words:

Question a.
Indians respect the freedom of others.
Answer:
India has not tried to conquer anyone, or grab their land, culture and history. We have not tried to force our way of life on anyone. This is because Indians respect the freedom of others.

Question b.
It is time to see ourselves as a developed nation.
Answer:
We have been a developing nation ‘ for 50 years. Now we are among the top five nations of the world in terms of GDP we have ten percent growth rate in most areas. Our poverty levels are falling and our achievements are being recognized globally. It is time to see ourselves as a developed nation.

Question c.
We Indians are obsessed with foreign things.
Answer:
We Indians are obsessed with foreign things and we want to have things like foreign TVs, foreign shirts and foreign l technology.

Question d.
In Israel, the media have a positive outlook and self-respect.
Answer:
In Israel, it was the day after Hamas had struck and a lot of attacks, bombardments and deaths had taken place. However, the front page of the newspaper had an inspiring picture of a Jewish gentleman who in five years had transformed his desert land into an orchid farm and granary. The gory details of the killings, bombardments, deaths, etc. were inside the newspaper, buried among other news. This showed that in Israel the media have a positive outlook and self-respect.

Question e.
India has many amazing success stories.
Answer:
India has many amazing success stories. We are not only the second largest producer of wheat in the world, but also the second largest producer of rice. We are the first in milk production and are number one in remote sensing satellites. We have great personalities like Dr. Sudarshan, who has transformed a tribal village into a self-sustaining, self-driving unit.

4. Pick out some sentences from (he Iesson that coney u general truth.
(i) If we are not free, no one will respect us.
(ii) …………
Answer:
(i) If we are not free, no one will respect us.
(ii) We must stand up to the world or no one will respect us.
(iii) Only strength respects strength.
(iv) Military power and economic power-both must go hand in hand.

5. Find out from the Internet the poem Song of Youth’ by Dr APJ Abdul Kulam.
(A) Copy it down in your notebook and write its theme in your own words.
(B) Using information from our school library or the Internet, prepare a
Profile of any great Indian Scientist. (Refer to Activity 1 for points.)

6. Say whether each of the verbs, underlined below, is Finite or Non-finite.

Question a.
We lack the confidence to see ourselves as a developed nation.
Answer:
lack – Finite
to see – Non-finite
developed – Non-finite

Question b.
We stand first in producing milk.
Answer:
stand – Finite
producing – Non-finite

Question c.
I want to live in a developed India.
Answer:
want – Finite
to live – Non-finite

Question d.
We prefer buying imported things.
Answer:
prefer – Finite
buying – Non-finite

Question e.
Indians never try to force their way of life on others.
Answer:
to force – Non-finite

Question f.
Having invaded India, they captured our land.
Answer:
captured – Finite

7. Phrases and Clauses:
Study the underlined groups of words.

(i)
(a) He wore a shirt made of cotton.
(b) He wore a shirt which was made of cotton.

(ii)
(a) Are you sure of your innocence?
(b) Are you sure that you are innocent?

(iii)
(a) This is the exact reason for his failure.
(b) This is exactly why he has failed.

(iv)
(a) Pay careful attention to my words.
(b) Pay careful attention to what I say.

(v)
(a) After finishing his work, he went home.
(b) He finished his work and he went home.

You will notice that all underlined groups of words in sentences marked (a) merely
refer to a concept or expression. They do not contain a Subject or a Main or Principal
Verb. Such a group of words or unit of a sentence is called a PHRASE
Each of the underlined groups of words in sentences marked (bi convey a thought/concept and have a Subject and a Principal or Main Verb.
This unit /part of a sentence is called a CLAUSE.

Say whether the underlined parts of the following sentences are Phrases or Clauses:

(i)
People from all over the world have invaded us.
Answer:
Phrase

(ii)
I believe that Indio had its first vision of freedom in 1857.
Answer:
Clauses

(iii)
It is this freedom that we must respect.
Answer:
Clauses

(iv)
We are a great nation.
Answer:
Phrase

(v)
I want to live in a developed India.
Answer:
Phrase

(vi)
We have so many amazing success stories but we refuse to acknowledge them.
Answer:
Clauses

(vii)
We have a 10 percent growth rate in most areas.
Answer:
Phrase

Replace the underlined Phrases with Clauses:

Question a.
Do you know his place of birth?
Answer:
Do you know where he was born?

Question b.
In his absence, the thieves looted his house.
Answer:
When he was absent, the thieves looted his house.

Question c.
I am a citizen of India. I am a citizen.
Answer:
I am a citizen who belongs to India.

Class 8 English Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the webs:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Pick out a sentence from the extract that conveys a general truth.
Answer:
If we are not free, no one will respect us.

Question 2.
What helped Dr. Kalam fix the three visions for India?
Answer:
Dr. Kalam fixed the three visions for India based on the achievements and progress he had witnessed in the history of the nation and during his own career as a missile scientist.

Question 3.
How should we handle our freedom?
Answer:
We should protect and nurture our freedom and build on it.

Write the past tense forms of the following words:

1. grab
2. build
3. conquer
4. try

Answer:

1. grabbed
2. built
3. conquered
4. tried

Rewrite the following sentences as affirmative sentences:

Question 1.
We have not done this to any other nation.
Answer:
We have refused to do this to any other nation.

Question 2.
If we are not free, no one will respect us.
Answer:
We will be respected only if we are free.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What, do you think, will happen if everyone in the world respected the freedom of others?
Answer:
If everyone in the world respected the freedom of others, there would be complete peace and harmony in the world. There would be no wars and no bloodshed. Everyone would be happy and free to develop his full potential

Question 2.
Pick out two compound words from the passage.
Answer:
self-reliant, self-assured

Question 3.
Do you agree that ‘our media is obsessed only with bad news, failures and disasters’?
Answer:
Yes, I agree. The front pages of all leading newspapers carries only bad news. The good news is carried in very fine print somewhere deep in the paper. It can be very depressing. Only when we read detailed articles or actually visit places can we see the amazing success stories and the development.

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The prerequisite of self-respect is _______.
Answer:
self-reliance.

Question 2.
The foreign stuff we Indians are crazy about is foreign TVs, ______.
Answer:
foreign shirts and foreign technology.

Question 3.
The dream of the fourteen-year-old girl in Hyderabad is _____.
Answer:
to live in a developed India.

Question 4.
Pick out a sentence from the extract that conveys a general truth.
Answer:
Self-respect comes with self-reliance.

Write the antonyms of the following words using prefixes:

1. respect
2. developed
3. inspiring
4. imported

Answer:

1. respect x disrespect
2. developed x undeveloped
3. inspiring x uninspiring
4. imported x exported

Pick out the relative pronouns from the following sentences:

Question 1.
The front page had the picture of a gentleman who had transformed his desert land into an orchid farm.
Answer:
who

Question 2.
It was this inspiring picture that everyone woke up to.
Answer:
that

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Would you too like to live in a developed India? What will be the advantages?
Answer:
Yes, I too would like to live in a developed India. Then there will be no crowds, no queues, admissions to schools and colleges will be easy, there will be no dearth of natural resources, and everyone will be able to live in luxury.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Write the root words of the following words : achievement, inspiring
Answer:
achieve, inspire

Question 2.
Use the following phrase in your own sentence : stand up to
Answer:
We must have the courage to stand up to any injustice that we see around us.

Question 3.
Spot the error and rewrite correctly : potentail, self-sustenning
Answer:
potential, self-sustaining

Question 4.
Find out four hidden words from the given word : (Each word should have at least 3 letters.) satellite
Answer:
satellite – state, late, least, steal

Question 5.
Write the anagrams of the following words :
(i) bleats
(ii) asleep
Answer:
(i) bleats – stable, tables
(ii) asleep – elapse, please

Question 6.
Replace the underlined phrase with a clause : After finishing her studies, she ran off to play.
Answer:
After she had finished her studies, she ran off to play.She finished her studies 1 and ran off to play.

Question 7.
Pick out the non-finite verb from the following sentence :
Why are we so embarrassed to recognize our own strength?
Answer:
to recognize

Question 8.
Pick out the pronouns from the sentence :
She replied, “I want to live in a developed India.”
Answer:
She replied, “I want to live in a developed India.”

Question 9.
Rewrite as a negative sentence :
Our media is obsessed with only bad news and failures.
Answer:
Our media is obsessed with nothing but bad news and failures.

Question 10.
Use the following word as a noun and a verb in two separate sentences :
attack
Answer:
(i) The attack came when Aurangzeb had least expected it. (norm)
(ii) Aurangzeb was attacked when he least expected it. (verb)

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 1.3 In Time of Silver Rain

Class 7 English Chapter 1.3 In Time of Silver Rain Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Find the pairs of rhyming words used at the end of the lines in the poem.

Question 1.
Find the pairs of rhyming words used at the end of the lines in the poem.
Answer:

2. Read the poem aloud using proper intonation.

Question 1.
Read the poem aloud using proper intonation.

3. If you were to draw a landscape on the basis of this poem, what elements will you show in It? What colours will you use?

Question 1.
If you were to draw a landscape on the basis of this poem, what elements will you show in It? What colours will you use?
Answer:
If I were to draw a landscape on the basis of this poem, I would show elements like a patch of lush green grass stretching far and wide, small flowers growing all over the plain tossing their heads, brightly coloured butterflies happily fluttering, a rainbow stretching across the sky.

I would also show a tree-lined road, and under the blue sky I would show boys and girls walking down the road enjoying themselves in the rain. I would use all sorts of colours. Green being promment, I would also use shades of bright colours to depict life, liveliness and joy in nature during spring.

4. The special arrangement of short lines makes you think about every detail. If you write the sentences In the usual manner, It does not have the same effect. For example, the first stanza would be something like ‘The earth puis forth new life again: green grasses grow and flowers lift their heads and the wonder of life spreads all over the plain in time of silver rain.’
Now try the following:
Write one or two sentences about something beautiful, using your own experience or imagination. Then rearrange the words In the sentences In a poetic form. You may write about a beautiful day, a beautiful night, a stream, a crop standing in a field, a graceful bird or animal, etc.
Answer:

• A beautiful night
• The people were enjoying
• When the clouds were making noise and thundering.
• But I was sitting along with no one aside.
• My feelings were at night just like a sea tide.
• It started raining and I cried
• It started raining and I cried

5. Fill in the following blanks with reference to the poem.

Question 1.
‘In time of rain when spring and life are ……….., the butterflies lift ……….. wings to catch a ……….. cry and trees put forth …….. leaves to sing in ………… beneath the sky as ……….. boys and girls too ……… singing down the roadway’.
Answer:
In time of rain when rain and life are new, the butterflies lift silken wings to catch a rainbow cry and trees put forth new leaves to sing in joy beneath the sky as passing boys and girls too go singing down the roadway.

6. Think and answer :

Question a.
Is the poet talking about heavy rains in the rainy season or ram that has come after a long time?
Answer:
The poet is talking about rain that has come after a long time.

Question b.
Are the boys and girls happy that it is raining?
Answer:
Yes, the poet says that the boys and girls are singing as they pass down the roadway in the rain, so they are obviously happy that it is raining.

7. Find out the following with the help of your teacher and the internet.
Seasonal Rains (monsoon) in India and other countries.
Rain in countries like UK which experience spring-summer-autumn-winter.

Question 1.
Find out the following with the help of your teacher and the internet.
Seasonal Rains (monsoon) in India and other countries.
Rain in countries like UK which experience spring-summer-autumn-winter.
Answer:
We get seasonal rain monsoon the starting of June. some times it will receive very high rainfall in some coastal areas states like Kerala – Goa – Karnataka – Odisha etc. This states are receives high rain fall from starting to ending og June. some states have received monsoon in the July. And it continues with heavy rains and winds also.

In United Kingdom the month of June, July and August which is the summer season, and it is very hottest season with long sunny days. autumn can be dry but sometimes occational rains and winds also come.

• Average rainfall in the months of winter December to February is 80 mm.
• Average rainfall in the month of spring March to May is 55 mm.
• Average rainfall in the month of Summer June to August is – 60 mm.
• Average rainfall in the month of autumn September to November is 85 mm.

8. Talk about your favourite season. (A one-minute activity.)

Question 1.
Talk about your favourite season. (A one-minute activity.)
Answer:
My favourite season is winter as with the cold that it brings, it also brings an opportunity to sit by the fire-place and read my favourite book. The snow-clad landscapes look divine and radiate peace. What a pleasure it is to eat in this season! Keeping myself warm under the quilt and sharing roasted peanuts with my siblings is a passtime that brings immense joy.

9. Language Study: Alliteration: When the same sound occurs at the beginning of two or more words in the same line, it is called alliteration.
Example: Nayna needs new notebooks.
Find an example of alliteration from the poem.
Collect other examples of alliteration.

Class 7 English Chapter 1.3 In Time of Silver Rain Additional Important Questions and Answers

Think and answer.

Question 1.
Why does the poet say that life is new when it rains?
Answer:
The poet says that life is new when it rains because after the hot and dry summer, the flora and fauna come back to their former, lively and wonderful forms. People feel refreshed by rain as it provides a relief. Rain restores the energy and colour of the nature that get drained out during the harsh summers.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is the poem about?
Answer:
The poem is about the changes that take place in nature at the onset of spring, especially when it rains. It also talks about the joy that spring brings along with it.

Question 2.
What do the boys and girls do in happiness?
Answer:
The boys and girls sing in happiness as they pass down the roadway.

Question 3.
Give two examples of imagery used by the poet.
Answer:

1. Butterflies lift their wings to catch a rainbow cry.
2. Green grasses grow and flowers lift their heads.

Reading Skills and Poetic Device

Read the following extract and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Fill in the web with all that happens in nature during the time of new rain.
Answer:

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Which elements of nature are mentioned in the given extract?
Answer:
The elements of nature that are mentioned in the given extract are grass, trees, butterflies, rainbow, sky and flowers.

Question 2.
Why do the butterflies lift their silver wings?
Answer:
Butterflies lift their silver wings to catch a rainbow.

Question 3.
Which line in the poem tells us that the spring season has just begun?
Answer:
The line “In time of silver rain when spring and life are new” tells us that the spring season has just begun.

Question 4.
Who go singing down the roadway?
Answer:
The boys and girls go singing down the roadway.

Question 5.
Describe in your own words what happens during the time of silver rain.
Answer:
During the time of silver rain, the face of the earth completely changes. The earth puts forth new life, green grasses are seen on the surface. The flowers lift their heads in happiness. The butterflies lift their silky wings and trees put forth new leaves. The boys and girls are happy and go round singing. Thus everywhere we can see new life.

Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Pick out an example of Alliteration from the extract.
Answer:
Green grasses grow.

Question 2.
Give rhyming words of your own.
Answer:

• life – knife
• rain – main
• grow – throw
• spring – bring

Question 3.
Name and explain the figures of speech in the following lines.
Question i.
And overall the plain The wonder spreads
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct order is “And the wonder spreads all over the plains”.

Question ii.
Of life, Of life, Of life!
Answer:
Repetition: The words ‘Of life’ are repeated thrice for better poetic effect.

Question ii.
And flowers lift their heads.
Answer:
Personification: The flowers are given the human quality of lifting their heads.

Question iv.
The butterflies lift silken wings To catch a rainbow cry
Answer:
Personification: The butterflies are given the human quality of catching.

Question v.
And trees put forth New leaves to sing In joy beneath the sky
Answer:
Personification: Leaves are given the human quality of singing for a better poetic effect.

Question vi.
As down the roadway Passing boys and girls Go singing, too
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘As passing boys and girls, too, go singing down the roadway’.

Question 4.
Give the adjective used to describe ’rain’.
Answer:
’Silver1 is the adjective used to describe ’rain’.

Question 5.
Give the rhyme scheme of the first verse.
Answer:
a b a c d a d

In Time of Silver Rain Summary in English

The poem is an expression of joy and beauty of nature that spring brings, along with it filling our hearts with wonderment at the newness of life.

Paraphrase:

In the poem “In Time of Silver Rain” the poet Langston Hughes paints a vivid imagery of rains during springtime. He elaborates in his simple yet effective style, the majestic spread of life in nature. Grass and flowers stretching across green vistas act as symbols of newness in nature. The coming of rain in springtime invites butterflies that flutter around in the hope of catching a rainbow.

The trees give birth to new leaves to express their joy. The happiness in nature is so contagious that it extends to human beings as well. The boys and girls sing merrily as they walk down the road in the rains at the onset of spring season.

Glossary:

1. spring (n) – a season
2. put forth (v) – to bring out
3. beneath (prep) – under
4. joy (n) – happiness
5. forth (adv) – away, forwards
6. spreads (v) – disperses widely, scatters
7. silken (adj) – like silkc

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.3 The Worm

Class 8 English Chapter 2.3 The Worm Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up:

1. ‘Worms play a very important role; in maintaining ecological balance. They are friends of farmers.’ Form groups and discuss the significance; of worms in the above two roles.
(Point: worms – loosen the soil-bring up fertile soil-turn organic garbage into organic fertilizers-provide/proteins, etc.)
(Students can discuss this as Oral Work.)

2. Think and write down how the following creatures can be useful:

Question a.
DragonFly:
Answer:
eats mosquitoes and flies; controls unwanted insects.

Question b.
Spider:
Answer:
keeps insect population under control.

Question c.
Ants:
Answer:
turn and aerate the soil; help; in seed dispersal.

Question d.
Honeybees:
Answer:
provide honey; help in pollination.

Question e.
Earthworms:
Answer:
loosen the soil; turn organic garbage into fertilizer.

3. Little creatures in nature can also be your teachers. Think and write: what we can learn from the following:

Question a.
Bees:
Answer:
organization; hard work self-sacrifice

Question b.
Ants:
Answer:
team work hard work discipline

Question c.
Spiders:
Answer:
patience perseverance

Question d.
Caterpillars:
Answer:
patience acceptance of change

4. Breeding worms to convert organic waste into fertilizer is called Vermiculture or Vermicomposting.
Find out more about Vermiculture and how you can carry out the same in your garden/backyard to fertilize your plants at home.
(Students can attempt this on their own as a project.)

1. Read the poem aloud and you ill find some old outdated words that we do not use in everyday language now.
However, some writers poets use them to impart an old-fashioned flavour to suit the background of their write-up. Such words are called Archaic words.
Give the modem words for the archaic words from the poem.

1. thy
2. being
3. bestow’d
4. thee
5. thou
6. canst

Answer:

1. thy – your
2. being – life
3. bestow’d – gifted/given as a gift
4. thee – you
5. thou – you
6. cans’t – can

Read any poem I sonnet by William Shakespeare. Pick out archaic words and guess what they mean.

2. The poet uses a device where he directly addresses someone absent or abstarct. Such a device is the Figure of Speech called ‘Apostrophe’.
For example: Turn, turn, thy, hasty, foot aside.

Pick out any two other lines from the poem that on1uin an Apostrophe.
Answer:
(i)Turn, turn thy hasty foot aside
(ii) Let them enjoy their little day
(iii) O do not lightly take away
The life thou canst not give.

3. Think and answer in your own words ¡n your notebook:

Question a.
Why does the poet appeal to us to respect the life of worms?
OR
Why should we take care even of small worms?
Answer:
The poet urges us to remember that every creature on this earth is created by God for some purpose. We must hence respect every creature, big or small, for each has its own role to play in this universe. Besides, we have no right to lightly take away a life which we cannot give back.

Question b.
Why had God created worms? What is their ecological importance?
Answer:
Every creature on this earth is created by God for some purpose. Worms play a very important role in maintaining ecological balance. They loosen and aerate the mud and bring up fertile, nutrient-rich soil. They turn organic garbage into organic fertilizers. Their bodies provide proteins.
Thus, though they are so small, they play a huge role in maintaining ecological balance, and this is the purpose for which God created them.

Question c.
Live and let live’ is a famous proverb. Which lines from the poem support this proverb?
Answer:
The lines from the poem that support the proverb ‘Live and let live’ Eire:

(i) Turn, turn thy hasty foot aside Nor crush that helpless worm
(ii) Let them enjoy their little day
(iii) Do not lightly take away The life thou canst not give

Question d.
Does the poem urge us to protect I only worms ? What is the general message conveyed through the poem?
Answer:
Though the poem is about the worm, the general message is that God has created all the creatures on earth, big ? and small, and every creature has a role to play. All beings have equal rights over the bounties of the earth. No one can take away a life that he/she cannot give.

4. Find from the library or internet other poems composed on tiny Hing creatures. Try to understand the message in each of them.

5. ‘Even small things in nature play a big role. So protect nature!’
Frame some solgans based on the above topic.
Draft a short speech on the abose topic, which you could give at your school assembly.
Use the following steps while drafting.
(1) Greeting
(2) Salutation
(3) Self-introduction
(4) Introduction of the topic
(5) Body of the speech
(6) Conclusion
(7) Expression of gratitude to audience
Answer:

Small But Important

Respected Principal, teachers and my dear friends, Good morning. Today is 5th June, World Environment Day, and on this important day I, Smruti Kamath, would like to say a few words on the huge role played by the small things in nature.

Let me begin with the earthworm. The earthworm is rightly called the friend of the farmer for it helps the farmer in immeasurable ways. It not only loosens and turns up the soil, it converts garbage into organic fertilizer too. Those minute creatures, ants, help in aerating the soil and in seed dispersal. Bees, in addition to providing honey, are indispensable in pollination. We owe our food to the work done by these little insects. Dragonflies and spiders keep down the insect population by eating insects. Frogs and fish eat the larvae of mosquitoes.

I could go on and on, extolling the virtues and the uses of every little being on this earth. However, time does not permit me to do this, and I end my speech by requesting all of you here to understand and respect the importance and the place of every little creature on this earth. Thank you.

6. Puruphrase the poem in your own simple language. Write it down in your notebook.
Answer:
In this poem, the poet tells the reader, who is in a hurry, to turn his foot aside so that he does not crush the helpless worm. The reader may be filled with scorn and hatred for the worm, but it was created by God.

The same God who made human beings and all other things that move has also given a portion of His unlimited love to the poor worm.
God has given the sun, the moon and the stars free to all the creatures He created. The grass that grows over the earth was made for worms as well as for human beings. The poet urges the reader to allow the worms to enjoy their brief life with its humble pleasures. He tells us not to take away a life which we cannot give.

7. Frame a pointwise Analysis of the poem ‘The worm’. Use the following points.
Answer:

(a) Poem and poet: ‘The Worm’ by Thomas Gisborne.
(b) Theme: Respect every creature big or small, for each has its own role to play in this universe.
(c) Tone: Serious and thought-provoking in the imperative.
(d) Structure and stanzas: Stanzas of four lines each short lines.
(e) Rhyme and Rhythm: Rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, and so on. The last words of the first and third line and second and fourth line of every stanza rhyme, Rhythm is smooth.
(f) Language and Imagery: Archaic language; no imagery.
(g) Figures of Speech: Apostrophe, Inversion.

Class 8 English Chapter 2.3 The Worm Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The other creations of God that are mentioned in the poem are the sun, _____.
Answer:
the moon, the stars, the earth, blades of grass and humans.

Question 2.
The thought in the last two lines is that _____.
Answer:
we have no right to lightly take away a life that we cannot give back.

Question 3.
Pick out examples of Inversion from the poem.
Answer:
(i) On that poor worm bestow’d
(ii) The sun, the moon the stars He made To all His creatures free.

Writing Skills:

Question 1.
Even small things in nature play a big role. So protect nature Frame some slogans based on the above topic.
Answer:
(i) Nurture nature and get/nurtured by nature.
(ii) All creatures great and small.
The good Lord made them all.
(iii) Take care of one and all.
All creatures great and small.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 1.1 Past, Present, Future

Class 7 English Chapter 1.1 Past, Present, Future Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the poem aloud using proper rhythm and intonation.

Question 1.
Read the poem aloud using proper rhythm and intonation.

2. Link the items in the three columns properly.

Question 1.
Link the items in the three columns properly.

Answer:

3. Find the meaning of the following words.
thee, mournfully, spray, mighty

Question 1.
Find the meaning of the following words.
thee, mournfully, spray, mighty
Answer:

• thee – you (archaic/old usage)
• mournfully – sadly
• spray – a flowering branch
• might – physical strength

4. WrIte the adjectives that are used to describe the following.
evening, spray, sea

Question 1.
Write the adjectives that are used to describe the following.
Answer:

• evening – soft, mild
• spray – green, flowery
• sea – mighty, glorious, dazzling

5. Write one line about each of the following with the help of the poem.

Question 1.
Wind in the autumn evening
Answer:
It sighs expressing sadness.

Question 2.
Young bird on the spray.
Answer:
Sits on the flowery branch gathering all its physical and mental strength to explore the blue sky.

Question 3.
The Sea.
Answer:
Vast is the sea beneath the cloudless sun and as it stretches endlessly, it displays might, glorious and dazzling beauty.

6. Language Study:
A simile Is an imaginative comparison of two different things which have something in common. A simile always includes the words ‘as’ or ‘like’. For example: as tall as a tree, as lovely as a flower A metaphor is an imaginative expression that refers to someone/something as another person/thing. It shows thai the person or thing has some quality of that other person or thing. The words ‘as’ or ‘like’ are not used in a metaphor. For example : He is a gem of a person. Time is money. Books are our friends. The clouds are white sheep.
There are three metaphors in the poem. Can you find them?
Answer:
The three metaphors are:
Question i.
‘What is the past like to thee?
An autumn evening soft and mild’
Answer:
Here the past is compared to an autumn evening.

Question ii.
’Tell me, what is the present hour?
A green and flowery spray.’
Answer:
Here the present is compared to a green and flowery spray.

Question iii.
’And what is the future, happy one?
A sea beneath a cloudless sun.’
Answer:
Here the present is compared to a sea beneath a cloudless sun.

Class 7 English Chapter 1.1 Past, Present, Future Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the central idea of the poem?
Answer:
The central idea of the poem is the child’s definition of different periods of time which is presented in the form of a dialogue between the poetess and the child.

Question 2.
What does the past stand for according to the child?
Answer:
According to the child, the past was a pleasant time but they are moments which cannot be revisited as they would never return back.

Question 3.
How does the child define the present time?
Answer:
For the child, the present is a time where he/she
prepares for the future which is unknown, but also exciting so it is the time to gather strength.

Question 4.
How is the present moment viewed with optimism by the child?
Answer:
The child compares the present time to a green and flowery branch on which a bird is all set to take off and explore the unlimited possibilities which awaits it.
This tells us that the present is something which is viewed with optimism by the child as he believes that once we gather strength, nothing is impossible.

Question 5.
How do you define time?
Answer:
According to me, time is the most precious gift we possess. It is up to us to make utmost use of it. We should plan and prioritise to make use of most of the time in hand.
How true is the Estonian proverb!
“Wasting time is robbing oneself”

Reading Skills and Poetic Device

Read the following extract and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with any four describing words from the extract.
Answer:

Question 2.
Choose the correct alternative and complete the sentence:
For the child in the poem the past was
i. a pleasant time.
ii. an unpleasant experience.
Answer:
For the child in the poem the past was a pleasant time.

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
What is the theme of the poem?
Answer:
The theme of the poem is about time and the child’s definition about the different periods of time.

Question 2.
How is this poem presented?
Answer:
This poem is presented as a dialogue between the poetess and a happy child.

Question 3.
What is the one characteristic of the past? Which is emphasised in the poem?
Answer:
One characteristic of the past which is emphasised in the poem is that we can never go back to it.

Question 4.
How should we make use of the present time?
Answer:
We should make use of the present time by using it to gather strength and courage to face the future.

Poetic Device:

Rewrite the Metaphors as Similes:

Question 1.
The past is an autumn evening soft and mild.
Answer:
The past is like an autumn evening soft and mild.

Question 2.
The present is a green and flowery spray.
Answer:
The present is like a green and flowery spray.

Question 3.
The future is a sea beneath a cloudless sun.
Answer:
The future is like a sea beneath a cloudless sun.

Question 4.
Give the rhyme scheme of the first stanza.
Answer:
The rhyme scheme of the first stanza is (a b a c).

Question 5.i.
Name and explain the figures of speech.
With a wind that sighs mournfully
Answer:
Personification – Wind is given human qualities,

Question ii.
What the past is like to thee?
‘An Autumn evening soft and mild.
Answer:
Simile – Direct comparison of past with an autumn evening.

Formative Assessment

Question 1.
Complete the following stanza to compose a poem on the topic:
The time gone by…….

Past, Present, Future Introduction:

Past, Present, Future written by Emily Bronte is a dialogue between the poetess and a happy child. They discuss what each period of time means to the child, a child with the ability to see beauty and optimism around it.

Past, Present, Future Summary in English

The poetess Emily Bronte begins the poem by asking a happy child what the past is like to him/ her. In response the child compares the past as an autumn evening which is soft and mild with a sad wind sighing in the background.

In response to the query about the present hour the child compares it to the pleasant green and flowery branch wherein a young bird gathers courage and power to mount and fly above the blue sky. In other words the child finds the present filled with hope, courage and aspiration to scale great heights; the time to gather strength.

On being asked about the future the child compares it with a sea under a cloudless sun, a sea which is mighty, glorious, dazzling and never ending. Through these words the child implies about the thrilling and never ending possibilities which awaits for him/her.

Glossary:

1. autumn (n) – the season which follows summer when leaves fall from the trees
2. mild (adj) – not severe or not very harsh
3. mournfully (adv) – with sad feelings
4. spray (n) – a flowering branch
5. mount (n) – to ascend, get ready for take off
6. glorious (adj) – marvellous
7. dazzling (adj) – extremely bright
8. stretching (v) – to be made longer
9. infinity (n) – endlessness
10. sighs (v) – to let out a long breath slowly to express sadness
11. thee (pro) – you
12. mighty (adj) – possessing great power or strength; very powerful
13. beneath (prep) – under

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Marathi Kumarbharti Chapter 5.1 बालसाहित्यिका : गिरिजा कीर (स्थूलवाचन)

Marathi Kumarbharti Std 10 Digest Chapter 5.1 बालसाहित्यिका : गिरिजा कीर Textbook Questions and Answers

प्रश्न 1.
आकृत्या पूर्ण करा.
साहित्यिक गिरिजा कीर यांच्या साहित्याची वैशिष्ट्ये.

उत्तर:
गिरिजाबाईंनी बालकांसाठी सुद्धा लक्षणीय साहित्यनिर्मिती केली. त्यांनी नऊ ते बारा वर्षे वयोगटासाठी आणि खास बालवर्गासाठी (सुमारे पाच ते नऊ वर्षे) नाटिका लिहिल्या. बालकांचे वय लक्षात घेऊन त्यांनी साध्या, सोप्या व जोडाक्षरविरहित बालनाटिका देण्याचाही प्रयत्न केला. गिरिजाबाईंच्या बालनाटिकांचे त्या काळाच्या तुलनेत एक खूप महत्त्वाचे वैशिष्ट्य आहे. साधारणपणे लहान मुलांना अद्भुतरम्य व चमत्कारावर आधारित कथानके आवडतात, असा समज असतो, गिरिजाबाईंनी या समजाला छेद दिला. त्यांनी वास्तवावर आधारित बालनाटिका लिहिल्या. मुलांचे भावविश्व व त्यांच्या गरजा यांना प्राधान्य देऊन बालनाटिका लिहिल्या. त्यांच्या बालनाटिकांचे आणखी एक वैशिष्ट्य म्हणजे त्यांची चित्रदर्शी शैली. त्यांच्या नाटिकांमधला प्रसंग समोर जिवंतपणे घडत आहे, असे वाटत राहते. त्यामुळे त्यांच्या बालनाटिका पाहताना प्रेक्षक खिळून बसतात. एकंदरीत त्यांच्या बालनाटिका वैशिष्ट्यपूर्ण आहेत.

प्रश्न 2.
टिपा लिहा.
(अ) गिरिजा कीर यांच्या बालनाटिकांचे विशेष.
उत्तर:
गिरिजाबाईंनी बालकांसाठी सुद्धा लक्षणीय साहित्यनिर्मिती केली. त्यांनी नऊ ते बारा वर्षे वयोगटासाठी आणि खास बालवर्गासाठी (सुमारे पाच ते नऊ वर्षे) नाटिका लिहिल्या. बालकांचे वय लक्षात घेऊन त्यांनी साध्या, सोप्या व जोडाक्षरविरहित बालनाटिका देण्याचाही प्रयत्न केला. गिरिजाबाईंच्या बालनाटिकांचे त्या काळाच्या तुलनेत एक खूप महत्त्वाचे वैशिष्ट्य आहे. साधारणपणे लहान मुलांना अद्भुतरम्य व चमत्कारावर आधारित कथानके आवडतात, असा समज असतो, गिरिजाबाईंनी या समजाला छेद दिला. त्यांनी वास्तवावर आधारित बालनाटिका लिहिल्या. मुलांचे भावविश्व व त्यांच्या गरजा यांना प्राधान्य देऊन बालनाटिका लिहिल्या. त्यांच्या बालनाटिकांचे आणखी एक वैशिष्ट्य म्हणजे त्यांची चित्रदर्शी शैली. त्यांच्या नाटिकांमधला प्रसंग समोर जिवंतपणे घडत आहे, असे वाटत राहते. त्यामुळे त्यांच्या बालनाटिका पाहताना प्रेक्षक खिळून बसतात. एकंदरीत त्यांच्या बालनाटिका वैशिष्ट्यपूर्ण आहेत.

(आ) ‘यडबंबू ढब्बू’ या गिरिजा कीर यांच्या बालकादंबरीतील विनोद.
उत्तर:
‘कुणालाही दु:खी ठेवू नये’ असा आईने ढब्बूला उपदेश केला होता. ढब्बूने तो शिरोधार्य मानला. व्यायांना देण्यासाठी ठेवलेले मिठाईचे ताट ढब्बूने भिकाऱ्यांना वाटले. भिकाऱ्यांना अर्थातच प्रचंड आनंद झाला. पण घरातली मंडळी खूप कातावली, आईचा उपदेश ढब्बूने शब्दशः पाळला. भिकारी म्हणजे माणसेच. त्यांना तरी दुःखी का ठेवावे, असा व्यापक विचार त्याने केला. पण लोक जेव्हा असा व्यापक विचार मांडतात, तेव्हा त्यांच्या मनात खराखुरा व्यापक विचार नसतो. लोक संकुचितच विचार करतात. सर्वांशी प्रेमाने वागावे, असे म्हणताना त्यांच्या मनात सर्व म्हणजे घरातली माणसे असतात किंवा फार फार झाले तर नातेवाईक, शेजारीपाजारी, मित्रमंडळी इत्यादी असतात, जात-धर्म यांचा विचार करू नये, असे त्यांच्या मनात नसते. यातून विसंगती निर्माण होते. ढब्बू स्वतःच्या वागण्यातून समाजातली ही विसंगती दाखवून देतो. त्यामुळे विनोद निर्माण होतो.

प्रश्न 3.
‘मधूचे कृत्य संवेदनशील मनाचे उत्तम उदाहरण आहे’ या विधानाबाबत तुमचा अभिप्राय स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तर:
आईवरील प्रेमापोटी कोणतीही कृती करायला मधू तयार होतो. तो एका गृहस्थाचे पाकीट मारतो. पुढे पाकिटातील चिठ्ठीवरून मधूला सत्य स्थिती कळते. आपण चोरलेल्या पैशांमुळे त्या गृहस्थाच्या आईला जीव गमवावा लागू शकतो. या विचाराने तो व्याकूळ होतो आणि पाकिटात असलेल्या पत्त्यावरून ताबडतोब पैसे परत करण्याचा तो निर्णय घेतो. त्याची ही कृती त्याच्या संवेदनशील मनाचे उदाहरण आहे. आपल्या कृतीमुळे कोणाचातरी मृत्यू ओढवणे हा क्रूरपणाच होय, ते त्याला जाणवते. आपली जशी आई आहे, तशीच दुसऱ्या व्यक्तीलासुद्धा आई असते. त्या व्यक्तीलासुद्धा स्वतःच्या आईविषयी प्रेम असणारच. आपण स्वार्थाने आंधळे होऊन फक्त स्वतःचे आईवरील प्रेम लक्षात घेतो; दुसऱ्याच्या मनाचा विचारच करीत नाही, हे मधूच्या लक्षात येते. यातून त्याची तीव्र संवेदनशीलता प्रत्ययाला येते.

प्रश्न 4.
साहित्यकृतीचा आस्वाद घेताना लक्षात घ्यायचे मुद्दे, तुमच्या शब्दांत स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तर:
आपण एखादया कलाकृतीचा आस्वाद घेतो. आपल्याला ती कलाकृती खूप आवडते. इतरांनीही त्या कलाकृतीचा आस्वाद घ्यावा, असे आपल्याला मनोमन वाटते. अशा वेळी आपण बोलतो किंवा लिहितो तो रसास्वाद असतो. रसास्वाद परिपूर्ण होण्यासाठी पुढील बाबी लक्षात घ्यायला हव्यात: कलाकृतीचा आशय किंवा कथानक, व्यक्तिरेखा मनाला पटणाऱ्या असल्या पाहिजेत. त्यांच्या स्वभावात वाचकांना किंवा प्रेक्षकांना भारावून टाकण्याची शक्ती असली पाहिजे. लेखकाची भाषाशैली, वर्णनशैली वाचनीय व प्रभावी असली पाहिजे. कथानक उत्कंठा वाढवणारे असले पाहिजे.

आपल्या समोरची कलाकृती ही कविता असेल तर त्या कवितेतून कवी कोणता भाव व्यक्त करू पाहतो, हे लक्षात घेतले पाहिजे. त्याला अनुसरुन भाषा, अलंकार, प्रतिमा-प्रतीके इत्यादी आहेत का, हेसुद्धा पाहिले पाहिजे. कवितेतून उत्कट भावना व्यक्त झाल्या पाहिजेत. कथा, कादंबरी वा नाटक असा कोणताही साहित्यप्रकार असो, त्यातून व्यापक मानवी मूल्ये प्रकट झाली पाहिजेत, उच्च, उदात्त असे संदेश साहित्यातून मिळायला हवेत. या सर्व गोष्टी आपल्या रसास्वादामध्ये असल्या पाहिजेत. उपक्रम पाठ्यपुस्तकातील कोणत्याही एका पाठाचा समीक्षेच्या/रसास्वादाच्या पायऱ्यांच्या अनुषंगाने अभ्यास करा व त्यांचे लेखन करा.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 1.1 Don’t Give Up!

Class 6 English Chapter 1.1 Don’t Give Up! Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Have you ever given up on something good? Share your story.

Question 1.
Have you ever given up on something good? Share your story.
Answer:
I was a very good cricketer. But on a couple of occasions, I got a feeling that my team failed due to my poor performance. I stopped pursuing the game, but today I regret my decision. I realised very late that: ‘A quitter never wins and a winner never quits’.

2. Your friend fell down learning to ride a bicycle and now has given it up altogether. What do you think will be the poet’s advice?

Question 1.
Your friend fell down learning to ride a bicycle and now has given it up altogether. What do you think will be the poet’s advice?
Answer:
‘Rise each time you fall, never give up’ would be the advice the poet would give my friend. While riding a bicycle or acquiring any new skills, we are bound to fall or face disappointments. The poet would advise him to be patient and rise stronger and achieve what he has set out to achieve with determination and resilience.

Class 6 English Chapter 1.1 Don’t Give Up! Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What should we not do if we have tried but not won?
Answer:
If we have tried but not won, we should never stop for crying or feel dejected about the same.

Question 2.
Name two elements of nature mentioned in the poem which display determination and strength.
Answer:
‘Young birds’ and the ‘oak tree’.

Question 3.
Pick out two describing words used in the poem.
Answer:
Young, sturdy

Question 4.
Circle the odd word. great good patient (blast)
Answer:
Blast, the rest are describing words.

Question 5.
Name any one personality from the pages of history who didn’t give up till he succeeded. Justify your answer.
Answer:
Our Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, did not give up or buckle under pressure in our struggle for independence. Finally, due to his relentless efforts and determination, we became free from the British rule and became an independent nation.

Question 6.
Explain the line: “If by easy work you beat, who the more will prize you?”
Answer:
The above lines from the poem ‘Don’t Give Up’ written by Phoebe Cary convey the message that if success comes to us easily it will not be considered as our achievement. Rising above challenges and failures, and emerging a winner is true success, according to the poet.

Reading Skills, Poetic Device

Read the following stanza and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
Pre-reading activity:
Complete the web diagram with action words from the poem.
Answer:

Question 2.
What is the central idea of the poem?
Answer:
The central idea of the poem is that we should never give up and be patient in the face of failures as we continue to keep trying. Failures are bound to occur. We should not lose heart and stop trying but gain victory from defeat with our willpower and our determination.

Question 3.
According to the poet, how has the great and good been done in this world?
Answer:
According to the poet, all that’s great and good is done just by trying, with patience and determination till we achieve our goal.

Question 4.
What happens to the young birds while they try to fly?
Answer:
The young birds fall as they try to fly.

Question 5.
Pick out lines to prove that the oak has survived many blows of stormy winds.
Answer:
‘She has risen again and grown, Loftier and prouder’.

Question 6.
Pick out a contraction from the extract.
Answer:
You’ve (It stands for you have)

Question 7.
Do you agree with the maxim: ‘Try, try, till you succeed’?
Answer:
Yes. I agree with the maxim: ‘Try, try till you succeed’. We should remember that ‘A quitter never wins and winner never quits’.
People like Mahatma Gandhi, Sachin Tendulkar, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and others have proved the above maxim to be right, with their life and work.
We should remember that disappointments and failures are bound to occur in our journey to succeed, but we should never lose heart. We should keep trying patiently till we accomplish our goal.

Poetic Device/Appreciation:

Question 1.
Find the meaning of the following expressions.
Answer:

1. All that’s great and good: All the great achievements and accomplishments we see around us.
2. Has known many a blast: The tree has survived many blows of stormy weather.
3. The test that tries: A situation which is challenging, and which tests our endurance, our resilience and our willpower.

Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Pick out two pairs of rhyming words from the poem.
Answer:

• won – done
• stronger – longer
• known-grown

Question 2.
Name the rhyme scheme used in the first four lines of the poem.
Answer:
abab

Question 3.
Name and explain the figure of speech used in the line.
‘That’s the test that tries you’.
Answer:
The figure of speech used in the above line is Alliteration as the sound of the alphabet’t’ is repeated for a better poetic effect.

Student’s Activity:

Question 1.
Find real life stories of some indians, abled and disabled, who have beaten all odds to become great achievers. You can also make a power point presentation with the help of your teacher.

Don’t Give Up! Summary in English

‘Don’t Give Up’ written by Phoebe Cary has a beautiful message for each one of us. The poet advises us never to be disheartened or dejected by failures. We are reminded that all the great and good things in this world is done just by patience and relentless efforts of the concerned people.

The poet gives the example of young birds who in their initial flights, fall but rise higher and stronger each time, thus proving that resilience and determination can help scale great heights.

The sturdy oak too has withstood challenges of time before rising up taller, stronger and prouder. Our achievements and our accomplishments may not be celebrated by others if it had come to us easily. But despite all odds, overcoming all challenges, rising above defeats when we achieve our goal and gain victory, that will be our true test, our real victory.

Introduction:

‘Don’t Give Up’ written by Phoebe Cary conveys the message that failures should not discourage us from achieving what we have set out to do. In a nutshell, the poet is conveying the message that we should never quit, however hard the situation and emerge a winner.

Glossary:

1. patient (adj) – a person with calm endurance
2. sturdy (adj) – strong
3. oak (n) – a deciduous forest tree
4. victory (n) – success achieved
5. test that tries (phr) – something done to discover/test our ability
6. give up (phr) – lose heart and stop trying
7. has known many a blast (phr) – has survived many blows of stormy winds
8. loftier (adj) – taller and stronger
9. you beat (phr) – you win (here)
10. resilience (n) – able to recover quickly from difficult conditions.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 2.7 Great Scientists

Class 7 English Chapter 2.7 Great Scientists Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write what is implied in the following sentences.

Question a.
But few know his inspirational life story, which is all about courage and fighting against the odds.
(What does it tell you about Faraday’s life?)
Answer:
Faraday was bom into an extremely poor family. He had a speech defect which ended his formal education. He wanted to become a scientist. He came across a lot of difficulties and failures but through courage and determination, he achieved fame and name.

Question b.
Even then Davy did not have much hope for Faraday.
(What do the words ‘even then’ suggest?)
Answer:
Davy hired Faraday as his Secretary. Faraday worked relentlessly and became indespensible to Davy. ‘Even then’ suggests that even though Faraday did everything to prove himself, Davy did not believe that Faraday was capable of doing anything great.

Question c.
People started telling Davy that of all his discoveries, the best was Faraday himself.
(What does it suggest about Davy’s work?)
Answer:
The line suggests that the people felt that Davy had made discoveries which were good but Faraday’s discoveries stood out in comparison to Davy’s work.

2. Break the passage into convenient smaller sections. Give sub-headings or titles to each section.

Question 1.
Break the passage into convenient smaller sections. Give sub-headings or titles to each section.
Answer:

• 1st para: Michael Faraday, an inspiration
• 2nd para: Unhappy childhood
• 3rd para: Reading, an obsession
• 4th para: Twist in life
• 5th para: Magic of Electricity
• 6th para: Play of destiny
• 7th para: Fruits of labour
• 8th para: Revolution for mankind
• 9th para: A scientist is born
• 10th para: Challenges in life
• 11th para: Magic of magnets
• 12th para: A legend is born
• 13th para: Failure – a stepping stone to success
• 14th para: Obstacles – a challenge
• 15th para: Luck smiles again
• 16th para: Believe in yourself

3. List the different gadgets and instruments mentioned in the passage. Find more information about them (at least 3), using the Internet.

Question 1.
List the different gadgets and instruments mentioned in the passage. Find more information about them (at least 3), using the Internet.
Answer:
Gadgets and Instruments:
Fan, air conditioners, sewing machines, power tools, cars, trains, aeroplane engines, induction motors, telescopes, Bavarian glass, microscopes, electrical generators, light bulbs. Now you add to the list of gadgets and instruments. You can add your own too.

1. Microscope: It is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723), a Dutch scientist, who in the late 17th century became the first man to make and use a real microscope. All microscopes came with a lens that can magnify 40 times the normal size.

2. Electrical generator: It was invented by Michael Faraday in 1831. It is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Sources of mechanical energy include steam, turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, etc. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

3. Fan: A fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangement of blades which act on the fluid. The fan was invented by Schuyler Skaats Wheeler in 1882.

4. Find out more about the following scientists with the help of the internet.
(a) Michael Faraday
(b) Humphry Davy
(c) Thomos Edison
(d) James Maxwell

Question 1.
Find out more about the following scientists with the help of the internet.
Answer:
(a) Michael Faraday: Michael Faraday (1791-1867) was an English (British) Scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. He was highly influenced by Humphry Davy and William Thomas Brande. He had notable awards to his credit, a few being Royal Medal, Copley Medal, Rumford Medal, Albert Medal.

(b) Humphry Davy: Humphry Davy (1778-1829) was a British scientist. It was he who found out that the inhalation of nitrous oxide produced surprising results, it came to be known as the laughing gas. He was awarded a medal by Napoleon and he identified the element iodine for the first time. He is remembered for his discoveries of sodium, potassium, calcium.

(c) Thomas Alva Edison: Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) an American inventor and businessman, has been described as America’s greatest inventor. He invented the photograph in 1877 because of which he came to be known as ‘The Wizard of Monto Park’. Thomas Edison had hearing problems during his childhood which persisted. The phonograph was the first machine that could record the sound of someone’s voice and play it back.

Edison recited the nursery rhyme ‘Mary had a little lamb’ and the phonograph played the words back to him. This was invented by a man whose hearing was poor and thought himself as deaf. It was Edison who designed a system of power plants. He has got 1093 patents to his credit. Many awards to his credit. Some of them are Franklin Medal, Albert Medal, Technical Grammy Award, etc.

(d) James Clerk Maxwell: James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) was a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics His most notable work was to formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation. He is known as the Father of Modern Physics. His other contributions included producing the first colour photograph taken in 1861 and many more. He earned an array of awards. To name a few, Rumford Medal, Keith and Hopkins prize, Adams prize, etc.

5. Language Study: Subject and predicate: A word or a phrase in a sentence that shows who or what does the action, is the subject. In the following sentences, the underlined part is the subject.
The baby is laughing.
The glass fell from the table.
The predicate Ls the part of a sentence that tells us something about the subject. The underlined parts of the following sentences show the predicates in them.
The baby is laughing.
The glass fell from the table.

Class 7 English Chapter 2.7 Great Scientists Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is the meaning of:

Question i.
Reading became his obsession.
Answer:
He could think of nothing else but reading.

Question ii.
Electricity became a lifelong fascination.
Answer:
Electricity enchanted him throughout his life. Electricity was his passion throughout his life.

Question 2.
Why do you think Faraday’s friend gave him a free ticket to Davy’s programme?
Answer:
Faraday’s friend gave him a free ticket to Davy’s programme because he knew about Faraday’s fascination for electricity and also that he could not afford the ticket.

Question 3.
Give one example each to show that:

Question i.
Faraday was a good pupil.
Answer:
Davy tried to find out how an electric current could be applied continuously, but failed to figure it out. He asked Faraday to try his hand at it. Faraday set to work and within a few days, solved the problem.

Question ii.
Davy was not a good mentor.
Answer:
Davy was not happy at Faraday’s achievement but was jealous of Faraday.

Question 4.
An induction motor is a commonly used electrical machine. What examples of its uses are given here?
Answer:
The examples of electrical machine in which induction motor is commonly used are:

1. fans
2. air conditioning
3. sewing machines
4. photographs
5. power tools
6. cars
7. trains
8. aeroplane engines.

Question 5.
Why were Faraday’s drawings not accepted?
Answer:
Faraday’s drawing were without any mathematical equations as he did not know much about advanced mathematics and lacked formal education. Faraday’s drawing without mathematical equation could not be understood and so his drawings were not accepted.

Question 6.
Does it mean they were wrong?
Answer:
No, Faraday’s drawings were not wrong. It lacked mathematical equations because of which it could not be understood.

Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

Question 1.
State whether true or false.
i. Faraday’s Laws are about electricity.
ii. Faraday did not suffer speech defect as an adult.
Answer:
i. True
ii. True.

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Where was Michael Faraday bom?
Answer:
Michael Faraday was born into a poverty- stricken family in a dirty London suburb.

Question 2.
What came to an end when Michael Faraday was twelve?
Answer:
Michael Faraday’s formal education came to an end when he was twelve.

Question 3.
What were the odds against Faraday in his childhood?
Answer:
Faraday was born into an extremely poor family. He suffered from speech defect as a child. He could not even pronounce his own name. Other children laughed at him and even his teachers did not help him. when he was twelve, his mother was forced to pull him out from school. This put an end to his formal education.

Vocabulary:

Give the word meaning for.

Question 1.
‘mentor’
Answer:
A wise and trusted counsellor or teacher.

Question 2.
‘reverse engineer it’
Answer:
Taking apart an object and analyzing its components and workings in detail.

Word building.

Question i.
Give the noun form:
(a) inventor
(b) friend
(c) mysterious
(d) agree
Answer:
(a) invention
(b)friendship
(c) mystery
(d) agreement

Question ii.
Give the verb form:
(a) explosion
(b) comprehensive
(c) revolution
(d) success
(e) inspirational
(f) education
(g) modem
(h) courage
Answer:
(a) explode
(b) comprehend
(c) revolve
(d) succeed
(e) inspire
(f) educate
(g) modernize
(h) encourage

Question iii.
Give the adverb form:
(a) difficult
(b) secret
(c) random
(d) invisible
Answer:
(a) difficulty
(b) secretly
(c) randomly
(d) invisibly

Question iv.
Give the adjective form:
(a) communicate
(b) education
(c) experiment
(d) succeed
Answer:
(a) communicative
(b) educative
(c) experimental
(d) successful

Grammar:

Question 1.
Michael Faraday is regarded as one of the most distinguished scientists and inventors! (Add question tag)
Answer:
Michael Faraday is regarded as one of the most distinguished scientists and inventors isn’t it?

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you like reading inspirational stories?
Answer:
Yes, I do like reading inspirational stories. Reading inspirational stories motivates me to do something in life so that I too can gain fame and name while trying to make the world a better place to live in.

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

State whether the following statements are true or false.

Question i.
Faraday succeeded Davy as the head of the laboratory after Davy’s death.
Answer:
True

Question ii.
He was so engrossed in the lecture that he applaud with the rest of the crowd.
Answer:
False

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
What was the subject of Davy’s lecture?
Answer:
The subject of Davy’s lecture was ‘The Mysterious force of Electric Fluid’.

Question 2.
What happens when an electric current is applied to a wire?
Answer:
When an electric current is applied to a wire, it causes that wire to behave like a magnet.

Question 3.
Why did Davy choose Faraday as his assistant?
Answer:
Davy was temporarily blinded by a chemical explosion which took place inside his lab. He needed an assistant with an excellent memory. He was reminded of Faraday and decided to make him his assistant.

Question 4.
Was Davy fair in his treatment of Faraday?
Answer:
No, Davy was unfair in his treatment of Faraday. He looked down upon Faraday because of his low social status and education. He told Faraday not to aspire for too.much and to stick to book-binding.

Question 5.
How did Faraday respond to that treatment?
Answer:
Davy’s treatment did not dishearten Faraday. Faraday was relentless. He worked day and night and learnt as much as he could and became indispensible to Davy.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Give the noun forms of the following.
i. comprehensive
ii. aspire
Answer:
i. comprehension
ii. aspiration.

Question 2.
Give the adverb form:
i. difficult
ii. invisible
Answer:
i. difficulty
ii. invisibly.

Grammar:

Question 1.
Destiny had a strange plan in store for him. (Use a question tag)
Answer:
Destiny had a strange plan in store for him, didn’t it?

Question 2.
Identify the subject and predicate from the following sentences.

1. Davy became his role model.
2. Destiny had a strange plan in store for him. Subject Predicate

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What actions and thoughts of Faraday show that he was inspired by Davy?
Answer:
The actions and thoughts of Faraday which shows he was inspired by Davy are as follows:

1. He kept taking notes.
2. He was so engrossed in the lecture that he forgot to applaud.
3. He bound the notes he had taken down into a book, hoping to gift it to Davy.
4. He was inspired to become a great scientist and Davy became his role model.
5. Faraday thought that it would be wonderful if Davy became his mentor.

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

Say whether the following statements are true or false.

Question i.
Faraday succeeded Davy in 1829.
Answer:
True

Question ii.
In 1830 Faraday developed memory loss which continued for the rest of his life.
Answer:
False

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
When did Faraday develop memory loss?
Answer:
Faraday developed memory loss in 1840.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Give a sub-heading or title to the extract.
Answer:
‘Faraday – a Legend is born’.

Grammar:

Question 1.
Find any 4 verbs from the above extract.
Answer:
died, succeeded, made, moved.

Question 2.
Find any 2 proper nouns from the above extract.
Answer:
Faraday and Davy.

Question 3.
Faraday was now a legend. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Faraday was now a legend, wasn’t he?

Question 4.
Remember that piece of Bavarian glass Faraday had kept on his shelf? (State the Kind of sentence)
Answer:
Interrogative Sentence.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Write the idea behind an electrical generator.
Answer:
Faraday noticed that if he moved a magnet, it would produce electrical current, converting motion into electricity. This is how the electrical generator came into being.

Question 2.
How far did Faraday convert the reminder of his first major failure into an instrument of great success?
Answer:
Faraday used the reminder of his first major failure, the Bavarian glass, to show the concept of polarisation. He thus converted it into an instrument of great success.

Question 3.
What complicated experiment did Faraday begin after he developed a memory loss?
Answer:
After developing a memory loss, Faraday began a complicated experiment to prove that light was closely related to electricity and magnetism.

Language Study

Do as directed.

Question 1.
Pick out the subject and predicate.

Question i.
A wealthy, educated physicist, he met.
Answer:
Subject: He
Predicate: met a wealthy, educated physicist

Question ii.
He was unable to explain.
Answer:
Subject: He
Predicate: was unable to explain

Question iii.
The induction motor spurred a revolution.
Answer:
Subject: The induction motor
Predicate: spurred a revolution

Question iv.
At thirteen, however, he stated working.
Answer:
Subject: He
Predicate: started working at thirteen

Question v.
One day he came across a book on electricity.
Answer:
Subject: He
Predicate: came across a book on electricity one day.

Question vi.
Other children laughed at him.
Answer:

• Subject: Other children
• Predicate: laughed at him
• Remember: If there is no subject, put a ‘you’ in the subjects place.
• e.g. Shut the door.
• Subject: You Predicate: Shut the door

Question 2.
Other children laughed at him. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Other children laughed at him. didn’t they?

Question 3.
He started reading it. (State the kind of verb – Transitive/ Intransitive)
Answer:
started – transitive verb reading – transitive verb

Question 4.
Other children laughed at him. (Begin with’He…’)
Answer:
He was laughed at by other children.

Question 5.
Faraday solved the problem. (End with ‘…Faraday’)
Answer:
The problem was solved by Faraday.

Question 6.
Faraday was now a legend. (Make it interrogative)
Answer:
Wasn’t Faraday now a legend?

Question 7.
James Maxwell was a wealthy, educated physicist. (Frame a ‘Wh’ question so as to get the underlined word as the answer)
Answer:
Who was James Maxwell?

Question 8.
Get me a glass of water. (Separate the subject and predicate)
Answer:
Subject-You
Predicate – Get me a glass of water.

Question 9.
He undertook it as challenges and opportunities. (Identify the part of speech of the underlined words)
Answer:
challenges, opportunities – nouns.
Writing Skills

Question 10.
Find out from the internet an inspiring story.
Answer:
Lionel Messi, bom in 1987, into a middle-class family who lived in Argentina. He grew up in a football-loving family. He developed a passion for football at an early age. At 5, he showed great skills at a club coached by his father. It was strange to see that he was way too short when compared to the boys of his age. Wherever he went he was the shortest of all.

This did not stop him from playing. At the age of 11, he was diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency and had to take medical assistance. Every night he had to take an injection in his legs for 3 years. His family could not afford the treatment for long. Though he was a great asset for his soccer club, they refused to pay his bills. Lady Luck smiled on him and his family. At 13, he got an offer from F. C. Barcelona that they would pay for his treatment if he played for them.

His family moved to Spain with no money or job, all in the hope that his treatment will make him big enough to play soccer. At 17, despite being injury prone he became the youngest player in F. C. Barcelona to score a goal and became a star performer. Today, Lionel Messi is known as one of the greatest footballers of all time. He has won the most Ballon d’Ors in the world. The FIFA Ballon d’Or (Golden Ball) also known as the European Footballer of the year, was an annual association football award presented to the world’s best male player.
Messi’s story teaches us ‘Never lose hope.
You never know what tomorrow might bring. Keep believing in yourself’.

Great Scientists Summary in English

The lesson ‘Great Scientists’ is an inspirational and motivational lesson. The story about Michael Faraday and his journey through all odds in life to become one of the most distinguished scientists and inventors of modern times is really an eye-opener to all those who give up easily when faced with a difficult situation. Perseverance and a will to win will surely reach you to the height of success is described in this story. This is a story all teens must-read.

Introduction:

The lesson ‘Great Scientists’ is taken from the introduction to ‘Reignited’ by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh.

Glossary:

1. persevering (v) – to continue doing something in a determined way despite having difficulties ‘
2. deterred (v) – discouraged
3. distinguished (adj) – renowned, famous
4. inspirational (adj) – encouraged or making you feel you want to do something
5. poverty-stricken (adj) – extremely poor
6. defect (n) – lack or fault in a person
7. formal education (n) – classroom based education given by trained teachers
8. obsession (n) – the state of being preoccupied with someone or something
9. fascination (n) – passion
10. renowned (adj) – famous
11. comprehensive (adj) – exhaustive
12. dejected (adj) – sad
13. relentless (adj) – persistent
14. indispensable (adj) – that one cannot do without
15. career (n) – profession, occupation
16. revolution (n) – something that signifies a great change
17. reverse (v) – to turn something inside out
18. accomplish (v) – to finish successfully
19. significant (n) – notable
20. souvenir (n) – an item of sentimental value
21. complicated (adj) – difficult
22. randomly (adj) – without definite direction
23. filings (n) – particles of something (metal)
24. invisible (adj) – which cannot be seen
25. galaxies (n) – milky way
26. aliens (n) – any life form of extra terrestrial origin
27. conviction (n) – belief
28. epitomizes (v) – sums up
29. mentor (n) – a wise and trusted counsellor or teacher
30. reverse engineer it – taking apart an object and analyzing its components and working in detail
31. dynamo – a machine for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy
32. applaud – clap.
33. perseverance – hard work.
34. aspirations (n) – hopes of achieving something.
35. binding (v) – to join separate pieces of paper and make a book.
36. chemist (n) – a person who does chemical experiments or research.
37. consistent (adj) – that does not change over a period of time.
38. engrossed (v) – engaged with complete attention.
39. hooked (adj) – being so excited about something that you are unable to leave.
40. isolated (adj) – alone, separate.
41. legend (n) – a person who is very famous and admired.
42. novel (adj) – new and unusual.
43. pursue (v) – to engage in an activity over a long period of time.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 3.2 Compere a Programme

Class 7 English Chapter 3.2 Compere a Programme Textbook Questions and Answers

1. The items in the programme below have got mixed up.

Question 1.
Rearrange them in the proper order. Just add the number in the left-hand column.

Answer:
Balanand Vidyalaya Art Festival Programme

• Dignitaries arrive
• Igniting the lamp
• Welcome and introduction of guests
• Appraisal of the Art Festival
• Recital of ‘Taal Kacheri’
• Koli Dance
• The Boy Comes Home – A skit by Std. IX
• Prize distribution
• Chief Guest speaks
• Vote of thanks

2. Form groups of 5-8. This passage tells us only what the compère says.

Question 1.
Try to visualise and write what the other people on the dais must have said In their speeches (Write only the main points.)
1. The School Principal
2. The Chief Guest
3. The Art teacher who offered vote of thanks
Answer:
1. The compere thanks the Principal, Dr. Ajinkya Parakhi.
2. The compere thanks the Chief Guest- for releasing the book and formally inaugurating the art festival.

3. Choose the appropriate phrase to insert in the gaps to make the sentences meaningful. Use the appropriate form of the verb.

1. to appraise
2. to be relieved of
3. to draw the curtain
4. to escort
5. to be likened to
6. to have butterflies in ones stomach

Question 1.
Before we ………….., let us stand in attention for the National Anthem.
Answer:
draw the curtain

Question 2.
I ………….. just as I was to receive my Report Card.
Answer:
had butterflies in my stomach

Question 3.
After I took the medicine, I ………….. ………….. of the pain.
Answer:
was relieved

Question 4.
Before we do the experiment in the laboratory, let me ………….. you all about it.
Answer:
appraise

Question 5.
The Minister ………….. by his personal bodyguards.
Answer:
was escorted

Question 6.
Sorrowful times ………….. to darkness.
Answer:
are likened.

4. Prepare a formal invitation card for the Art Festival.

Question 1.
Prepare a formal invitation card for the Art Festival.
Answer:

5. Prepare a News Report in brief on this Art Festival.

Question 1.
Prepare a News Report in brief on this Art Festival.
Answer:

Art Collage

– by a student reporter

Balanand Vidyalaya, June 26: Balanand Vidyalaya had organised a Art Festival on 25th June, 2017 in the school. Preparations for the same had begun days in advance. Their Art teacher, Ms. Shilpa Sanghani was confident as everything was well planned.

The function began with the lighting of the lamp followed by the welcome speech and introduction of guests. The Chief Guest for the function Shri Charudatta Diwan was welcomed by the Principal with a token of two volumes of Cherished Lives of Great Artists. The Convener of the Art Festival, Ms. Shilpa Sanghani welcomed the President of Balanand Academy, Mr. Avadhoot Pathak. The Principal briefed the audience about the Art Festival after which a special book comprising photographs of unique pieces of art contributed by students was released by the Honourable Chief Guest.

Art in its different forms were then presented by the students. This included Taal Kacheri, Koli dance and a light comedy play. The prize distribution thereafter came as a pat on their back. While Taal Kacheri won the first prize, the Koli dance won the second prize. The Chief Guest Shri Diwan’s speech on various aspects of Art and Culture left the audience with new insights.

In the end a vote of thanks was proposed by Ms. Shilpa Sanghani. When asked one of the parents remarked, “Such activities give an impetus to Art and Culture and encourage students to realize their potential.” The Art Festival was a grand success underlining the importance of co-curricular activities in school.

6. Chalk out detailed programmes for the following occasions.

Question 1.
1. The Teacher’s Day programme in your school.
2. An exhibition of science projects arranged in your classroom.
3. A wedding anniversary/birthday celebration for your grandparents that you have arranged with your family.
Answer:
1. Teacher’s Day programme:

1. Welcome Speech by the Head Boy
2. Speech on importance of teachers by the Head Girl.
3. Felicitation of teachers
4. Address by the Principal
5. Cultural Programme
6. Games
7. Vote of thanks
8. National Anthem
9. Snacks

2. Exhibition of Science projects in classroom:

1. Welcome speech by monitor
2. Ribbon cutting ceremony
3. Speech by the Principal
4. Judging of projects
5. Prize distribution
6. Vote of thanks
7. National Anthem

3. Birthday celebration for grandfather:

1. Welcome grandparents
2. Powerpoint show on Grandfather
3. Talks by relatives and friends
4. Cake cutting
5. Snacks and refreshment
6. Vote of thanks

7. Language Study.

Object: Direct and indirect – An object is a word, phrase
or clause that shows the person. thing etc. affected by the action of the verb.
The underlined words or phrases in the following sentences are objects.
1. Mother drives a scooter.
2. He gave me a pen.
There are two types of object: direct and indirect. The direct object Is directly affected by the action. For example, in sentence 2 above, ‘a pen’ Is direct object. An indirect object refers to the person or a thing to whom/for whom the action Is done. In sentence 2 above, ‘me’ is an indirect object.
Answer:

1. He told the boys a story
2. Amruta gave me a stern look.
3. His friend gifted him a kettle
4. A neighbour gave him a ticket
5. Davy gave Faraday an impossible task.
6. Harsh Serves them breakfast
7. Shweta told me her problems.

Class 7 English Chapter 3.2 Compere a Programme Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why does the compere request the audience to switch off their mobile phones?
Answer:
The compere requests the audience to switch off their mobile phones so that they can give undivided attention to the creative expressions of the youngsters and not get distracted by their other pre-occupations and ringtone.

Question 2.
Why does she request them to be seated?
Answer:
She requests them to take their seats so that she can begin the programme.

Question 3.
At the beginning of the programme, who does the compere address by name?
Answer:
At the beginning of the programme, the compere addresses the Head Girl by her name.

Question 4.
Describe the book that is released.
Answer:
The book is a volume comprising photographs of all the beautiful and unique pieces of art contributed by the skillful students of Balanand Vidyalaya.

Question 5.
Who is taking part in the Taal Kacheri?
Answer:
Sahil of Std. X A, Varsha, Vivek, Zubin and Govind are taking part in the Taal Kacheri.

Question 6.
Guess/Find the meaning of Taal Kacheri.
Answer:
Taal Kacheri, literally translated means rhythmic instrumental musical session.

Question 7.
Does the compere say the following at the beginning of the programme or after it has ended?
Answer:
1. What a wonderful presentation!
2. That was indeed a fantastic performance!
The compere says the given statements after the programme has ended.

Question 8.
What is meant by ‘butterflies in the stomach’?
Answer:
‘Butterflies in the stomach’ means to be anxious and nervous.

Question 9.
How is this vocal rendition different from music?
Answer:
Music is the pattern of sounds produced by people singing or playing instruments expressing ideas and emotions. Vocal refers to music human voice, which is singing.

Answer the following in one sentence.

Question 1.
Who was present at the Art Festival?
Answer:
Special invitees, guests, parents, teachers and students were present for the Art Festival.

Question 2.
How did the programme begin?
Answer:
The programme began with the lighting of the lamp.

Question 3.
Explain ‘Atithi Devo Bhava!’
Answer:
‘Atithi Devo Bhava!’ means a guest is equivalent to God.

Question 4.
Which amazing quality of the lamp does the compere highlight?
Answer:
The compere highlights that the lamp not only dispels darkness but also leaves way for a thousand other lamps to be lit with its flames.

Question 5.
How are knowledge and lamp similar?
Answer:
Knowledge and lamp are similar in the fact that they both spread light. They only add and multiply.

Question 6.
Who gave away the prizes to the prize winners?
Answer:
The Chief Guest, Shri Charudatta Diwan gave away the prizes to the prize winners.

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Which is the school in question?
Answer:
The school in question is Balanand Vidyalaya.

Question 2.
Why is the lamp said to be having an amazing quality?
Answer:
A lamp can dispel or remove darkness and also help to light a thousand other lamps from its flames. Hence it is said to possess an amazing quality.

Question 3.
What is the lamp compared to? Give reason.
Answer:
The lamp is compared to knowledge because when you share knowledge, it never reduces. One can share knowledge with thousands of people and enlighten their minds.

Question 4.
What do we learn about Shri Charudatta Diwan from the compere’s speech?
Answer:
From the compere’s speech, we learn that Shri Charudatta Diwan is a renowned artist, a painter of international repute, proud recipient of many prestigious awards and President of Kala Ranjan Academy.

Question 5.
Who are the following?

1. Mr. Avadhoot Pathak
2. Ms. Shubhada Murarka
3. Mr. Ajinkya Parakhi

Answer:

1. President of Balanand Education Society
2. Head Girl of Balanand Vidyalaya
3. Principal of Balanand Vidhyalaya

Vocabulary.

Question 1.
Give one world for the following.

1. the formal beginning of an event
2. one who receives
3. having high status
4. noteworthy and important

Answer:

1. inauguration
2. recipient
3. prestigious
4. eminent

Question 2.
Write the antonyms.

1. gather
2. auspicious
3. request
4. honour

Answer:

1. disperse
2. inauspicious
3. order
4. dishonour

Question 3.
Form a word chain of verbs.
e.g. announce – extend – deliver – request
1. Break, ……., ……., …….
2. Release, ……., ……., …….
3. Visit, ……., ……., …….
Answer:
1. keep, pick, kick
2. educate, end, dance
3. teach, hide, eliminate

Grammar.

Question 1.
Knowledge, too, spreads light (Rewrite the sentence removing ‘too’)
Answer:
Knowledge also spreads light.

Question 2.
It is indeed a proud privilege. (Make exclamatory)
Answer:
What a proud privilege it is!

Personal Response.

Question 1.
Do you have a school song? What does it tell you?
Answer:
Yes, we have a school song by the name ‘The Temple of Learning’. It tells us about how a school acts as a sheltered cocoon for students preparing them to take a flight spreading their wings in the beautiful world outside.

Simple Factual Questions.

Complete the tree diagram on the basis of information given in the extract.

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
Who were the participants of Taal Kacheri? Which instruments did they play?
Answer:
Varsha played the Mridangam, Vivek was on Dholak, Zubin played the Tabla and Ghatam was played by Govind. Sahil gave the vocal reaction.

Question 2.
What kind of play is ‘The Boy Comes Home’?
Answer:
‘The Boy Comes Home’ is a light comedy.

Question 3.
The Art Festival aims at encouraging the students and bringing out their creative best. How do we know this from the extract?
Answer:
The Art Festival included a Book release in which various students had contributed their creative work. Besides students also displayed their talent through music, dance and play. This tells us that the Art Festival aims to be a launching pad for students to reach greater heights in the field of Art and Culture.

Vocabulary.

Give antonyms.

1. unique
2. deliver
3. pleasure
4. introductory

Answer:

1. ordinary, common
2. collect
3. sadness, pain
4. conclusive

Grammar.

Question 1.
What a wonderful presentation! (Make assertive)
Answer:
It was indeed a wonderful presentation.

Question 2.
Match the question tags.

Answer:

Personal Response.

Question 1.
Do you think such programmes inspire students? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Yes, I think such programmes inspire students. Mark Twain has rightly remarked, “Thousands of geniuses live and die undiscovered – either by themselves or by others. Such programmes help students to get over their fears and also build up their confidence. It also serves as a platform to showcase their hidden talents. Appreciation in the form of award/trophy further encourages them to do even better.

Language Study.

Make sentences using the phrases.

Question 1.
To have butterflies in one’s stomach
Answer:
When Ria was about to enter the interview room, she had butterflies in her stomach.

Question 2.
To lend a helping hand
Answer:
Many Mumbaikars lent a helping hand to those who had got stranded due to floods. OR She was always ready to lend a helping hand to the needy.

Do as directed.

Question 1.
Look at the amazing quality of this lamp. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Look at the amazing quality of this lamp, won’t you?

Question 2.
It only adds and multiplies. (Rewrite as negative)
Answer:
It does nothing but adds and multiplies.

Question 3.
Our Indian culture regards guests as gods. (Begin with ‘Guests are … ’)
Answer:
Guests are regarded as gods in our Indian culture.

Question 4.
We have gathered here for the inauguration of our School Art festival. (Frame a Wh- question)
Answer:
What have we gathered here for?

Question 5.
Different states display their unique identity through their respective culture. (Rewrite using Modal auxiliary of possibility)
Answer:
Different states might display their unique identity through their respective culture.

Find words with the given clues.

Clues.

Question 1.

1. to give information about
2. famous and respected within a particular sphere
3. a special right
4. used for flooring
5. Joyous

Answer:

1. Appraise
2. Eminent
3. Privelege
4. Tile
5. Festive

Compere a Programme Summary in English

The lesson ‘Compere a Programme’ serves as a model for students to compere official, staged events in school or other places. The compere takes charge of the smooth delegation of the events of the itinerary and most importantly, in a planned sequence. Right from instructions to the audience, to inviting dignitaries for the introductory talk, prize distribution, speech etc., the compere takes the programme ahead in a lively manner. The students also need to notice the formal, polite language and vocabulary used during such events. Besides al’l this, the lesson has a message for all schools. It is to encourage our younger generation to preserve and pass on our rich traditions through such events.

Introduction:

A compere is an official presenter of a ceremony, a staged event or programme. Compering a programme holds great importance as the success of a programme largely depends on the way it is compered.

Glossary:

1. festive (adj) – joyous
2. preoccupation (n) – being engrossed with something
3. escort (v) (n) – to accompany someone somewhere
4. dignitaries (n) – important persons due to their rank or office
5. renown (n) – the condition of being known, fame
6. hearty (adj) – loudly vigorous and cheerful
7. auspicious (adj) – favourable, to be of good omen
8. symbolic (adj) – representing something
9. potential (n)- having the capacity to develop into something in the future
10. distinguished (adj) – very successful
11. eminent (adj) – noteworthy and important
12. prestigious (adj) – having high status
13. comprise (v) – consist of
14. auditorium (n) – the part of a theatre in which the audience sits
15. display (v) – show, exhibit
16. vocal (adj) – a part of music that is sung
17. rendition (n) – performance
18. demonstration (n) – exhibition, presentation
19. apprise (adj) – give information about
20. anxiety (n)- uneasiness
21. insights (n) – understanding of something
22. immensely (adj) – extremely
23. convener (n) – a person who calls people together for meetings of a committee

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 2.6 Chasing the Sea Monster

Class 7 English Chapter 2.6 Chasing the Sea Monster Textbook Questions and Answers

1. From the passage, find all the words and phrases used to describe the ‘monster’.

Question 1.
From the passage, find all the words and phrases used to describe the ‘monster’.
Answer:
Unearthly animal, fearsome creature, unknown creature, huge glowworm, infernal beast, motionless animal.

2. Form groups of 4. Find all the references to time given In the passage. Then make a chart to show the events described in the passage along with the time when they occur.
Example:

• All night long: The crew stayed on their feet
• Near midnight: …………………………………….
• At 12.53: …………………………………………….
• ………….. : …………………………………………….
• ………….. : …………………………………………….
• ………….. : …………………………………………….
  (lise as many lines as you need.)

Question 1.
Form groups of 4. Find all the references to time given in the passage. Then make a chart to show the events described in the passage along with the time when they occur. Example:
Answer:

• All night long: The crew stayed on their feet.
• Near midnight: The sea animal disappeared.
• At 12.53: A deafening hiss was heard.
• Near 2.00 am: The core of a light appeared.
• At 6.00 am: The animals electric glow disappeared.
• At 7.00 am: A dense morning mist spread.
• At 8.00 am: The mist disappeared, the sea animal was seen.
• A few moments later: The frigate headed for the animal.
• Three-quarters of an hour later: They were not getting closer to the animal.
• Next one hour: The frigate gathered speed and so did the sea animal.
• At 10.50 pm: The electric light reappeared.

3. How long does the whole event described in this passage take? Work it out by reading the passage.

Question 1.
How long does the whole event described in this passage take? Work it out by reading the passage.

4. Observe the picture and the labels carefully. Then match the words and the meanings given in the foliwing table.

Question 1.
Observe the picture and the labels carefully. Then match the words and the meanings given in the foliwing table.

Answer:

5. Form groups of 4-5. Read the following sentences aloud. Using your imagination and with the help of group discussion, write other situations in which the sentences can be used.

• The outcome: disappointment and anger.
• The hour of battle had sounded
• What a chase!
• This was our chance, ……..

Question 1.
Form groups of 4-5. Read the following sentences aloud. Using your imagination and with the help of group discussion, write other situations in which the sentences can be used.
Answer:

• The outcome: disappointment and anger
• The hour of battle had sounded
• What a chase!
• This was our chance
• The outcome: happiness and relief
• The outcome: fun and joy
• The outcome: misery and poverty
• The hour of decision had arrived
• The sound of victory was heard
• What a book!
• What a personality!
• What a movie!
• This was our victory …
• This was our last straw …
• This was our fight…

6. Find the different units of measurement mentioned in the passage and get more information about them from the internet.

Question 1.
Find the different units of measurement mentioned in the passage and get more information about them from the internet.

7. Language Study: Transitive and intransitive verbs : We can classify verbs into two types – transitive and intransitive. Some verbs need on object/objects. When a verb has an object, it is a transitive verb. For example, ‘The boy kicked the football’. Here the verb ‘kick’ has ‘the football’ as its object. ‘Give’, ‘cook’, ‘buy’ are transitive verb.
Some verbs do not need any objects. When a verb does not have an object, it is an intransitive verb. For example, ‘We laughed loudly’. The verb ‘laugh’ in this sentence does not have an object. ‘Laugh’, ‘walk’, ‘dy’ are intransitive verbs.
Some verbs can be transitive or intransitive. For example,
‘Birds fly’. (intransitive) ‘Children fly kites’. (transitive)

Class 7 English Chapter 2.6 Chasing the Sea Monster Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Guess what order the commander must have given.
Answer:
The order given by the commander must have been to advance slowly towards the monster and to be ready to attack.

Question 2.
Why did the Abraham Lincoln slow down? Answer: The Abraham Lincoln slowed down because
it was
unable to compete with the monster’s speed.

Question 3.
What is the monster compared to when it disappeared?
Answer:
The monster is compared to a huge glow-worm when it disappeared.

Question 4.
What did the deafening hiss resemble?
Answer:
The deafening hiss resembled the sound made by a water spout expelled with tremendous intensity.

Question 5.
Who would get $ 500?
Answer:
The man who would pierce the infernal beast would get $ 500.

Question 6.
Describe the gunner who accepted the challenge.
Answer:
The gunner who accepted the challenge was a calm, cool, old and gray bearded man.

Question 7.
What was Ned Land doing?
Answer:
Ned Land was brandishing his dreadful weapon.

Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Simple Factual Questions:

Fill in the blanks.

Question i.
Let’s wait for daylight and then we’ll play a …………… role.
Answer:
different

Question ii.
Unable to compete with the monster’s speed, our frigate, the ………………. slowed down.
Answer:
Abraham Lincoln

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
What is the name of the narrator?
Answer:
The name of the narrator is Professor Aronnax.

Question 2.
What is the name of the ship?
Answer:
The name of the ship is ‘Abraham Lincoln’.

Question 3.
At what time is this event taking place?
Answer:
This event is taking place sometime near midnight.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Give two words as phrases used to describe ‘monster’ in this passage.
Answer:
fear some creature, cetacean

Grammar:

Question 1.
The animal mimicked the frigate. (End with ’… the animal’)
Answer:
The frigate was mimicked by the animal.

Question 2.
No one thought of sleeping. (Make it affirmative)
Answer:
Everyone remained awake.

Question 3.
The animal mimicked the frigate. (Change into interrogative)
Answer:
Didn’t the animal mimic the frigate?

Question 4.
Pick out the verb and state whether it is transitive or intransitive.

1. Rama rang the bell loudly.
2. The bell rang loudly.
3. The baby sleeps on a bed.
4. The birds fly in the air.
5. Close the door.
6. He wrote a letter to his friend.

Answer:

1. rang – transitive verb
2. rang – intransitive verb
3. sleeps – intransitive verb
4. fly – intransitive verb
5. dose – transitive verb
6. wrote – transitive verb

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Simple Factual Questions:

Write whether True or False.

Question i.
We stayed on the alert until night and were getting ready for action.
Answer:
False

Question ii.
The mist was very dense.
Answer:
True.

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
What can the blunderbusses do?
Answer:
The blunderbusses can launch harpoons as far as a mile.

Grammar:

Question 1.
Ned had a dreadful weapon. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Ned had a dreadful weapon, didn’t he?

Question 2.
Pick out two abstract nouns from the extract.
Answer:
Disappointment, anger.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you like travelling on sea? Why?
Answer:
No, I do not like travelling on sea. I don’t know how to swim and I am very scared of drowning.

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Fill in the blanks.

Question i.
………… stayed at his post, harpoon in hand.
Answer:
Ned Land

Question ii.
The animal is faster than the ………….. .
Answer:
Abraham Lincoln

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
Explain why the author uses the words “what a chase!”.
Answer:
It was an exciting chase no doubt. The author says that the excitement shook his very being. The animal was so smart, it let the frigate get a little closer to it and then picked up speed and kept its distance. The animal was playing tricks with the frigate.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Pick out the words from the extract that mean the following.
i. person who fires the cannon
ii. moved faster
Answer:
i. cannoneer
ii. gathered speed

Question 2.
Give the meanings of the following.
i. harpooner
ii. mate
Answer:
i. person who handles the harpoon
ii. assistant

Grammar:

Question 1.
what a chase no i can’t describe the excitement that shook my very being (Punctuate)
Answer:
What a chase! No, It can’t describe the excitement that shook my very being.

Question 2.
The cannoneer fired a shot. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
The cannoneer fired a shot, didn’t he?

Language Study

Do as directed.

Question 1.
There was a mighty explosion. (Pick out the verb and state its kind)
Answer:
was – transitive verb.

Question 2.
The monster seemed motionless. (Frame a ’Wh1 question so as to get the underlined words as the answer)
Answer:
Who seemed motionless?

Question 3.
Barely twenty feet separated him from the motionless animal. (Pick out the adjectives from the sentence)
Answer:
Twenty, motionless

Question 4.
The electric light suddenly went out. (Identify the part of speech of the underlined word)
Answer:
Suddenly – adverb

Question 5.
Pick out the verb and state whether it is transitive or intransitive.
Question i.
The hunter killed the wolf.
Answer:
killed – transitive verb

Question ii.
Leena saw a monster.
Answer:
saw – transitive verb

Question iii.
Rains spoilt the picnic.
Answer:
spoilt – transitive verb

Question iv.
The baby cried loudly.
Answer:
cried – intransitive verb

Question v.
The bird flew away.
Answer:
flew – intransitive verb

Writing Skills

Question 1.
Write an essay on ‘A Sea Journey’.
Answer:
A sea journey is something I had never experienced. I used to look at the majestic sea and wonder what it would be like to travel by sea. I got the chance of a life time to travel on a ship.

The ship was filled with people from different states of India. At the beginning all was wonderful, the people, the sea, the sky, the weather. I was told that the journey would take many on board. But as time passed, the journey which I felt would be a pleasant one, wasn’t all that pleasant. There was nothing to see except water, water and more water. The movement of the ship on the water gave me a nauseating/nauseous feeling.

I was praying and hoping for the journey to end. At last after about eight long hours we touched land. I was so happy to be on firm landing once again. The journey by sea was an experience I wouldn’t want to repeat. This journey by sea was my first and last one.

Chasing the Sea Monster Summary in English

The lesson ‘Chasing the Sea Monster’ is an extract from the novel ‘20,000 Leagues under the Sea’ written by Jules Verne. The story in this extract is about spotting a mysterious sea monster by the inmates on a warship. The story revolves round the relentless chase between the warship (frigate) and the sea monster.

The warship (frigate) named Abraham Lincoln captained by Commander Farragut along with Professor Pierre Aronnax, a French marine biologist and narrator of the story, a master harpoonist Ned Land and other crew members chase the sea monster and in the end Ned Land succeeds in hitting the sea monster. The collision between the frigate and the sea monster is so hideous that Commander Farragut, Professor Pierre Aronnax and Ned Land are hurled into the sea.

Introduction:

The lesson ‘Chasing The Sea Monster7 is a science fiction written by Jules Verne, a French writer. He is known as the ‘Father of Science Fiction’. This is a passage, from his novel ‘20,000 Leagues under the Sea’. He describes how people on a ship think of the submarine as an animal and try to chase and hunt it.

Glossary:

1. frigate (n) – small, speedy ship used in war
2. unearthly (adj) – strange, not like those found on earth
3. luminous (adj) – bright, full of light
4. fearsome (adj) – scary, frightening
5. crew (n) – people working on the ship
6. cetaceans (n) – marine animals like a whale
7. lurking (v) – hiding
8. whaling gear (n) – equipment used to hunt whales
9. mate (n) – assistant
10. armour (n) – protective metal covering
11. profound (adj) – deep
12. astern to port (v) – towards the hinder part or stem; backward
13. blunderbusses (n) – a short, large bored gun firing metal balls, slugs or nails
14. duck guns (n) – large shot guns used for hunting ducks in large number
15. harpoon (n) – a barbed spear attached to a rope and thrown or fired from a gun to hunt whales or large fish
16. cannoneer (n) – an artillery man who uses cannon
17. harpooner (n) – a person who uses harpoons especially to hunt whales
18. enormous (adj) – huge
19. hideous (adj) – dreadful, horrid
20. mute (adj) – dumb; not having the power of speech
21. alert (adj) – attentive
22. informed (adj) – having information, based on information.
23. target (n) – a person, object or place selected as the aim of attack
24. weariness (n)- tiredness
25. brandishing (v) – to move or swing back and forth particularly demonstrating skill
26. collision (n)- clash

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 2.5 Learn Yoga from Animals

Class 7 English Chapter 2.5 Learn Yoga from Animals Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Complete the following diagrams.

Question A.
Benefits of yoga.

Answer:

Question B.
Precautions in Yoga Practice

Answer:

Question C.
What is yoga?

Answer:

2. Prepare charts for each one of the asanas described in the passage. Use the following points:

• Name (in English, in your mother tongue)
• Meaning in English
• General information
• Steps and pictures
• Benefits

3. List the names of body parts used in the passage.

Question 1.
List the names of body parts used in the passage.
Answer:
Body parts – navel, spine, shoulder, palm, face, elbow, wrist, chin, abdomen, chest, fingers, jaws, feet, legs, toes, eyes, mouth, head, back, tongue, lungs.
Now go through the passage and find out some more and add to the list.

4. List the adverbs/adverbial phrases used in the passage.

Question 1.
List the adverbs/adverbial phrases used in the passage.
Answer:

1. to feel physically vibrant
2. feel mentally sharp
3. completely at ease
4. breathe in deeply
5. slowly raise
6. come up slowly
7. come down slowly
8. inhale immediately
9. positioned directly below
10. smoothly arch the spine
11. adds flexibility
12. simultaneously arch your back

5. Language Study: Conjunctions: A conjunction is a word which joins words or clauses. Look at the following sentences.
1. Sahil and Rohan go to school together.
2. Sahil is drawing a picture and Rahul is playing football.
In sentence 1, the conjunction ‘and’ joins two words.
In sentence 2, the conjunction ‘and’ joins two clauses.
The following are some more examples of conjunction.

1. Do you like cricket or football?
2. Your parents will be happy if you study well.
3. She has not come to school because she is ill.
4. We played well, but we lost the match.
5. Tell him that we are going to the playground.
6. When you are at home, you should help your mother in her work.

Interjections: An interjection is a word that expresses a sudden feeling or emotion. Interjections can express joy, grief, surprise, pain, approval etc.
Look at the following examples.

1. Hurrah! We have won the game. (Joy)
2. Ouch! That hurt. (Pain)
3. Wow! What a nice picture! (Approval)

Question 1.
Underline the conjunctions in the following.
Answer:

1. Do you like cricket or football?
2. Your parents will be happy if you study well.
3. She has not come to school because she is ill.
4. We played well, but we lost the match.
5. Tell him that we are going to the playground.
6. When you are at home, you should help your mother in her work

Class 7 English Chapter 2.5 Learn Yoga from Animals Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Where was yoga perfected?
Answer:
Yoga was perfected in ancient India.

Question 2.
What does yoga involve?
Answer:
Yoga involves the mind, body and soul.

Question 3.
What are the benefits of yoga?
Answer:
The benefits of yoga are attaining concentration, focus and improving flexibility, balance and strength.

Question 4.
How does one feel after doing yoga?
Answer:
One feels physically vibrant and mentally sharp after doing yoga.

Question 5.
Who enjoys the Lion pose asana? Why?
Answer:
Simhasana or Lion pose is favourite with young people. Young people love this asana because it requires very little effort.

Question 6.
What pose does the Bhujangasana resemble?
Answer:
The Bhujangasana is a pose that resembles the posture of a cobra with raised head.

Question 7.
What are the benefits of Bhujangasana? .
Answer:
Bhujangasana helps us to tone the muscles of our back, strengthens our spine and also benefits the chest and shoulders.

Question 8.
When does the world celebrate International Yoga Day?
Answer:
The world celebrates International Yoga Day on June 21st every year, since the year 2015.

Question 9.
Why should Marjaryasana be a part of one’s morning yoga routine?
Answer:
Marjaryasana should be a part of one’s morning yoga routine because it gently stretches the muscles of the abdomen and the back as well as helps to get rid of any body pain.

Question 10.
How does Garudasana benefit the legs?
Answer:
Garudasana makes the leg muscles stronger and improves the flexibility of joints by loosening the joint muscles.

Question 11.
What are the advantages of practising the Ustrasana?
Answer:

1. It strengthens the back.
2. It boosts mood and energy.
3. It opens the shoulders, chest and quadriceps.
4. It helps in improving digestion.
5. It adds flexibility and strength to the body.

Question 12.
Do you exercise regularly? What form of exercise do you practice ?
Answer:
I exercise regularly as my parents have always motivated me to stay fit. I go to the local swimming pool everyday to swim in the evening. Swimming is refreshing for the mind and helps to maintain the overall fitness of one’s body.

Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Read the following passage and do the activities.

Question 1.
Complete the web diagram.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks.
i. Yoga is a form of…….
ii. Yoga helps us to feel physically vibrant and mentally ……..
Answer:
i. biomimicry
ii. sharp

Question 3.
Match the columns.

Answer:

Answer in just one word:

Question 1.
What solves human problems with solutions already present in the natural world?
Answer:
Biomimicry.

Complex Factual Questions:

Question 1.
What is biomimicry?
Answer:
Biomimicry is the science of solving human problems with solutions already present in the natural world.

Question 2.
In what way is yoga a form of biomimicry?
Answer:
Yoga is a form of biomimicry because they comprise typical asanas and poses wherein we emulate mountains, trees, fish, cats and many more animals.

Question 3.
Which problems in our day-to-day life can be solved through biomimicry?
Answer:
Problems such as stiffness and back pain can be easily solved through biomimicry.

Question 4.
What does biomimicry mean in simple terms?
Answer:
In simple terms, ‘bio’ means ‘life’ and ‘mimicry’ means ’emulate’.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Give forms of the following words.
Answer:

Question 2.
Pick out a word from the extract which means ‘in the same time period’.
Answer:
Contemporary.

Grammar:

Question 1.
Experts today are doing a wonderful job. (Begin with ’A wonderful job’)
Answer:
A wonderful job is being done by the experts today.

Question 2.
This helps us to solve our problems. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
This helps us to solve our problems, doesn’t it?

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you think it is necessary to exercise? Why?
Answer:
Yes. I do think it is necessary to exercise. Exercising keeps us fit and healthy. We feel active and fresh to meet the challenges of the day. It also keeps us mentally positive.

Language Study

Do as directed.

Question 1.
The best time to practise is in the morning. (Begin with ‘The morning’)
Answer:
The morning is the best time to practise.

Question 2.
Practise in a clean, airy, well-lit room. (Pick out the adjectives in the sentence)
Answer:
Clean, airy, well-lit.

Question 3.
Relax your muscles completely. (Identify the kind of sentence)
Answer:
Imperative sentence.

Question 4.
Kneel on the yoga mat and place your hands on the hips. (Pick out the nouns)
Answer:
Mat, hands, hips.

Fill in with conjunctions.

Question 1.
This is the picture ……….. I painted yesterday.
Answer:
that

Question 2.
We met the sailors ……….. ship was wrecked.
Answer:
whose

Question 3.
This is the girl ………… has a melodious voice.
Answer:
who

Question 4.
………….. you study hard, you will succeed.
Answer:
If

Question 5.
………… it rains heavily, life comes to a standstill.
Answer:
When.

Question 6.
Give examples of interjections.
Answer:

1. Oops! I broke it. (mistake)
2. Hushi/Shh! The baby is sleeping, (silence)
3. Hey! What are you doing here? (surprise)
4. Oh! You wanted tea and not coffee, (realisation)
5. Ugh! What a foul smell! (disgust)
6. Phew! We nearly missed the fall! (relief)
7. Whew! I cannot believe we have completed on time, (relief/amazement)

Fill in with interjections.

Question 1.
………… ! You stamped my foot.
Answer:
Ouch

Question 2.
………… ! If only I had listened.
Answer:
Oh

Question 3.
………… ! It looks horrible.
Answer:
Ugh

Question 4.
………… ! I spilled the milk.
Answer:
Oops

Question 5.
………… ! What a pretty dress!
Answer:
Wow

Learn Yoga from Animals Summary in English

The lesson aptly shows us how we can do yoga by imitating animals and reptiles. It tells us the benefits and ways one can remain fit and healthy.

Introduction:

Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice attributed mostly to India. Yoga day is celebrated annually on 21st June since 2015. The United Nations General Assembly has declared this day, 21st June to be an international day for yoga. The Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, in his U.N. address suggested the date of 21st June as it is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.

Glossary:

1. emulate (v) – imitate
2. vibrant (adj) – full of energy and life
3. posture (n) – the position in which you hold your body while sitting or standing
4. tone (v) – here it means to make the muscles firm
5. navel (n) – belly button
6. assume (v) – here it means ‘take’
7. splayed (v) – spread apart
8. quadriceps (n) – the large muscle at the front of the thigh
9. composite (adj) – mixture of
10. integrated (adj) – composed and co-ordinated
11. contemporary (adj) – same time period
12. discipline (n) – a specific branch of knowledge or learning
13. jerk (n) – sudden uncontrolled movement
14. vertebra (n) – small bones which make up the backbone
15. palette (n) – roof of your mouth
16. exhaling (v) – to expel air
17. inhale (v) – to draw in air
18. routine (n) – a course of action
19. flexibility (n) – quality of being flexible, suppleness
20. calf (n) – the muscle in the back of the leg below the knee
21. aches (n) – continuous dull pains in a part of one’s body
22. arch (n) – a curve with the ends down and the middle up
23. drawing (v) – to direct one’s attention to something
24. explosion (n) – a sudden burst
25. biomimicry – the science of solving human problems with solutions already present in the natural world.